Raspberry Pi is a credit card sized Linux computer based on ARM 11 architecture. Because of its small size, low power consumption and powerful performance, a robot controller is a suitable role for it to play. As a ro...
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High-power LEDs have been widely used and have a big potential market due to the many advantages compared to conventional light sources. Reliability is one of the most important issues for the application of LEDs. In ...
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High-power LEDs have been widely used and have a big potential market due to the many advantages compared to conventional light sources. Reliability is one of the most important issues for the application of LEDs. In order to study the degradation mechanism and the stability of LED withstanding cyclical exposures to temperature variations, life test was carried out under temperature cycle testing. The experiment was designed basing on the EIAJ ED-4701/100. Four groups of 1 W high power LEDs adopting different material and structures were utilized. The temperature cycle accelerated life test under the condition of -25℃/125℃. After the accelerated test, the optical performance of the four kinds of devices were compared and analyzed, and the thermal performance of the LEDs was also tested, analyzed and discussed. At last, the reliability differences of high-power LEDs were analyzed and degradation mechanism of high power LEDs under temperature cycling was discussed.
The move to higher frequencies has stimulated the development of the materials and integration techniques of the RF/microwave/millimeter (mm)-wave areas. Until now, materials commonly used at high frequency are either...
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The move to higher frequencies has stimulated the development of the materials and integration techniques of the RF/microwave/millimeter (mm)-wave areas. Until now, materials commonly used at high frequency are either expensive or have inadequate performance. Liquid crystal polymers (LCPs), have attracted much more attention as advanced candidates as RF/microwave/mm-wave substrate materials for commercial wireless applications due to their combination of features and performance. In this paper, a compact V-band planar microstrip bandpass filter with sharp-rejection, low insertion-loss and wide-bandwidth based on the dual-mode ring resonator is proposed. The filter is fabricated on a LCP substrate by using standard processing technology. The proposed filter exhibits a return loss level better than 10 dB, an insertion loss of 5 dB, and a 3-dB bandwidth of 30%. The simulated and measured results are compared and agree well, which shows the promising potential of LCP laminates for flexible RF/microwave/mm-wave substrates.
Die interconnection layer is one of the main factors to improve the HP-LED thermal issue as it is the main thermal transfer media from the HP-LED chip to the substrate or heat sink. Silver epoxy is now widely used for...
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Die interconnection layer is one of the main factors to improve the HP-LED thermal issue as it is the main thermal transfer media from the HP-LED chip to the substrate or heat sink. Silver epoxy is now widely used for LED interconnection, but it becomes more and more difficult for efficient heat dissipation as the HP-LED electric power density becomes higher and higher. Nowadays more and more attentions have been moved to metallic eutectic interconnection, especially for solder paste and AuSn20 eutectic interconnection which have big potential to be used for HP-LED. In order to further understand the thermal characteristics and reliability of HP-LED interconnected by different die-attach materials, the AuSn20 eutectic, solder paste and silver epoxy were applied to HP-LED respectively. The transient thermal resistance, steady state junction temperature and optical durability of the HP-LEDs are tested and studied. For HP-LED interconnected by AuSn20 eutectic, solder paste and silver epoxy, when applied 450 mA working current, the transient thermal resistance of die attach layer are 2.5 K/W, 3.2 K/W and 4 K/W respectively, and the junction temperature variation are 0.4%, 9.6% and 6.6% respectively after about 1180 hours 85 ℃/85 H aging. The results show the AuSn20 eutectic has better thermal performances and optical durability than the solder paste and silver epoxy.
Carbon nanotube (CNT) can be used in micro-channel cooler construction due to its excellent thermal conductivity. When fabricating CNTs directly onto the chip, the chip could be damaged because of the high temperature...
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Carbon nanotube (CNT) can be used in micro-channel cooler construction due to its excellent thermal conductivity. When fabricating CNTs directly onto the chip, the chip could be damaged because of the high temperature required for CNT growth (about 750℃). As a solution, a transfer technique is developed where the desired carbon nanotube pattern can be obtained by taking off a pre-fabricated CNT forest with a designed adhesive, and the transfer process could make the chip or other components immune from the high temperature required for the CNT growth process. This process can also improve the bonding/adhesive strength. Nevertheless, the use of adhesive in the CNT-based microchannel structure might affect the thermal conduction of the cooling system. In particular, the heat transfer between the heat generator and the CNT fin in the micro-channel cooler shall be evaluated. In this paper the thermal conductivity of the adhesive is studied by molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). The adhesive considered in the present MDS model consists of the epoxy and the curing agent. After the curing process, the epoxy molecules construct a network, which is established in the epoxy matrix generation before the simulation. Nonequilibrium Molecular Dynamics Method (NEMD) is adopted in the modeling and periodic boundary conditions are applied. Furthermore, the heat transfer through CNT and adhesive interface is simulated in this work based on the adhesive results, which can provide information for future macro-analysis of the thermal performance of the CNT microchannel cooler.
In this paper, the reliability issue of the LED lamp in high temperature and moisture condition was investigated. Thermal stress and hygroscopic stress in the LED package were obtained by coupled-field analysis using ...
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In this paper, the reliability issue of the LED lamp in high temperature and moisture condition was investigated. Thermal stress and hygroscopic stress in the LED package were obtained by coupled-field analysis using Finite element analysis (FEA). The results demonstrate that the temperature of the module can reach saturation in tens of seconds while the moisture field needs longer to reach balance. 85℃/85RH can reach the same distribution of relative humidity with 65℃/65RH, but the time spent is half. So temperature is the important factor to affect the humidity distribution. The moisture concentration is better than the relative humidity response to the material moisture level. So we made further research on hygroscopic stress. Both the thermal stress and hygroscopic stress contributed to the delaminations in LED packages.
Limited by the toxicity of Pb and Pb-containing compounds and the implementation of the mandatory legislations, such as WEEE and RoHS, the Pb-containing solders have been banned and accordingly the Pb-free solders hav...
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Limited by the toxicity of Pb and Pb-containing compounds and the implementation of the mandatory legislations, such as WEEE and RoHS, the Pb-containing solders have been banned and accordingly the Pb-free solders have become popular in electronic industry. However, the novel developed Pb-free solders could cause a series of packaging defects such as delamination, cracking, and charring etc. due to the relatively high melting temperatures of these Pb-free substitutes compared to the former Sn-Pb
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