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Core-shell structure-designed TiC-based ceramics with synergistic strength-toughness via low-temperature in-situ reaction sintering

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International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 2025年 132卷

作者： Jia Yao Boxin Wei Qinghua Hou Dong Wang Lei Chen Yujin Wang School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150040 China Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Light Metal Materials Modification and Green Forming Technology Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150040 China School of Materials Science and Engineering Anhui University of Technology Ma'anshan 243002 China National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot Processing of Metals Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Institute for Advanced Ceramics School of Materials Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150080 China National Key Laboratory of Precision Welding & Joining of Materials and Structures Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China

A novel TiC@(Ta, Ti)C-Ti 3 SiC 2 reinforced TiC-based ceramic was designed and fabricated via in-situ reaction hot-pressing sintering at 1500 °C using TiC, TaC, and Si powders. ‌The introduced Si reacts distinctly with TiC during sintering‌, forming Ti 3 SiC 2 /SiC reinforcements and enhancing atomic diffusion via liquid-phase sintering. The yields of Ti 3 SiC 2 /SiC increase progressively with higher Si content. Ti 3 SiC 2 dissipates crack propagation energy via multiple energy-absorbing pathways, effectively mitigating stress localization. The introduction of Ta with a slower interdiffusion ability in carbides and optimization of the Ta/Ti atomic ratio exploit their ‌asymmetric interdiffusion‌ to form a unique TiC@(Ta, Ti)C core-shell structure, which synergistically enhances both strength and toughness through tightly bonded core-shell interfaces and crack deflection. ‌TiC-7 mol% TaC-30 mol% Si (raw composition) demonstrates superior mechanical properties, achieving a flexural strength of 882 ± 34 MPa ‌and‌ fracture toughness of 8.10 ± 0.62 MPa·m 1/2 , ‌significantly exceeding those of most TiC- and TaC-based materials‌. In addition, the Si-modified TiC-based ceramics demonstrate excellent oxidation resistance at 1200 °C.

关键词： Fracture toughness

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A review of recent research on bionic structural characteristics and performance mechanisms of biomimetic materials

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Composites Part B: Engineering 2025年 304卷

作者： Wang Haipeng Li Shaomin Zhou Qijie Peng Haichun Liu Xiaolin Shao Zhenyu Song Peng Key Laboratory of High-efficiency and Clean Mechanical Manufacture of MOE School of Mechanical Engineering Shandong University Jinan 250061 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Equipment and Technology for Metal Forming Shandong University Jinan 250061 China Institute of Aerospace Special Materials and Processing Technology HIWING Technology Academy of CASIC Beijing 100074 China Institute of Bionic and Micro-Nano Systems Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Aerospace Times Feihong Technology Company Limited Beijing 100094 China

Lightweight structures with high energy absorption (EA) performance are of great significance in many crucial fields. Biomimetic structural design has demonstrated an effective strategy to improve the performance of both materials and structures by incorporating the unique structural characteristics of natural organisms. This review paper provides an in-depth and comprehensive overview of some important advances in structural design to obtain novel bio-inspired structures with improved energy absorption properties. The structural designs are categorized and summarized based on the common characteristics of biomimetic structures and their bio-inspired sources, and detailedly introduced in terms of the structural configurations, manufacturing processes, analysis methods and energy absorption properties as well as the comparative analysis of performance indicators. Moreover, the application investigations of biomimetic lightweight structures across diverse engineering domains are explored. The introduction of biomimetic structural characteristics indeed significantly improved the structural energy absorption performance and crashworthiness while maintaining the similar overall weight. This phenomenon drives many researchers to devote themselves to this investigations, and continuously achieve new research results. Meanwhile, the endless variety of biological species in nature provides inexhaustible sources for biomimetic structural designs. However, most of these investigations stop at laboratory and are difficult to achieve actual applications due to their various limitations such as manufacturing processes, serviceability in specific environments, the cost of innovative materials and production, product maturity, and the feasibility and cost of mass production. In short, the biomimetic lightweight structures present great potential and broad application prospects, but there are still many challenges to the practical applications.

关键词： Structural dynamics

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In Situ Atomic-Scale Observation of Dislocation Climb and Grain Boundary Transformation in Nanostructured Metal

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Chu, Shufen Liu, Pan Zhang, Yin Wang, Xiaodong Song, Shuangxi Zhu, Ting Zhang, Ze Han, Xiaodong Sun, Baode Chen, Mingwei Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced High-temperature Materials and Precision Forming State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China WPI Advanced Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology AtlantaGA30332 United States Center of Electron Microscopy State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou310027 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Microstructure and Property of Advanced Materials Beijing University of Technology Beijing100124 China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD21218 United States

We report atomic-scale observations of grain boundary (GB) dislocation climb in nanostructured Au during in situ straining at room temperature. Climb of a dislocation occurs by stress-induced reconstruction of two atomic columns at the edge of an extra half atomic plane in the dislocation core. Different from the conventional belief of dislocation climb by destruction or construction of a single atomic column at the dislocation core, the new atomic route is demonstrated to be energetically favorable by Monte Carlo simulations. Our in situ observations also reveal GB transformation through dislocation climb, which suggests a means of controlling microstructures and properties of nanostructured metals. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Room temperature

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Nanoporous Mo-Doped Nife Oxide Nanowires from Eutectic Dealloying as an Active Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Oxygen Evolution Reaction

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Liu, Pan Zhang, Qiwen Wu, Haofei Huang, Senhe Zhao, Xiaoran Hou, Chen Zhuang, Xiaodong Wang, Mingliang Song, Shuangxi Wang, Xiaodong Han, Jiuhui Chen, Qing Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced High-temperature Materials and Precision Forming State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Zhangjiang Lab Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai201204 China School of Materials Science & Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Sendai980-8578 Japan Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department of Chemistry The Energy Institute Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Kowloon Hong Kong

Developing cost-effective, active, and robust oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts in alkaline electrolytes is a critical problem in the efficient conversion of renewable energy resources. Here, a 3D bicontinuous Mo-doped nanoporous NiFe oxide nanowires (Ni1.4Fe1.7Mo0.05O4) fabricated by eutectic solidification and two-step dealloying exhibit an efficient electrocatalytic OER performance. The resultant nanoporous catalyst can achieve an exceptional activity with a low overpotential (205 mV at 10 mA cm -2 ) and a small Tafel slope (45.4 mV dec -1 ), outperforming most of the NiFe-based benchmarks. X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with density functional theory calculations reveal that strong coupling between the Mo-Fe(Ni)-O sites and its remarkable lattice contraction, facilitate the electron transfer on the tiny ligament surface, where the high-valent Mo sites can absorb H2O molecules and lower the energy barrier of OOH* for adsorption and activation of H2O. Meanwhile, 1-D nanowire and 3-D bicontinuous nanoporous structures together with the optimized atom ratio of Fe and Ni can accelerate electron/ion transport in the OER process, thus further enhancing the OER performance. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Influence of particle size distribution on the microstructure, density and ionic conductivity of Li 6.25 Ga 0.25 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 ceramics

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Zhaolin Jiang You Lou Zhiqiang Fu Haihui Ruan Yan Long Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Processing and Forming of Advanced Metallic Materials School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China Department of Mechanical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Kowloon Hong Kong China PolyU-Daya Bay Technology and Innovation Research Institute Huizhou Guangdong China

Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO), especially Ga-doped LLZO, is a promising solid electrolyte for all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLB) due to its high ionic conductivity and low electronic conductivity. This study systematically explores the role of ball-milling time–induced powder size distribution in modulating the microstructure and ionic conductivity of Ga-doped LLZO ceramics, challenging the conventional belief that smaller particle size inherently favors sintering. By precisely tuning the secondary ball-milling duration, three representative powder types were prepared: micron-sized softly agglomerated (M0h, 1.09 μm), ultrafine hard-agglomerated (M6h, 0.12 μm), and nanocrystalline hard-agglomerated (M12h, 0.39 μm) powders. Using a pressureless sintering process at 1180 °C, the intrinsic relationship between powder agglomeration state and sintering behavior was elucidated. The M0h powder exhibited high green density (60.6%) and a friable agglomerate structure, enabling rapid densification to 95.2% relative density and an ionic conductivity of 5.57 × 10 -4 S/cm within just 0.5 h, with a low grain boundary impedance of 198.7 Ω, significantly superior to the M6h and M12h samples. In contrast, ultrafine hard-agglomerated powder led to a lower initial density (58.6%) and numerous fine pores after sintering, resulting in a conductivity only 20% of that of the M0h sample. Despite higher sintering activity, nanocrystalline powder suffered from rapid grain growth and severe lithium volatilization, limiting its ionic conductivity to 4.93 × 10 -4 S/cm. In both the M0h and M12h samples, Ga facilitated sintering through the formation of a LiGaO 2 liquid phase. In the M6h sample, lithium loss led to Ga re-dissolution into the solid phase, suppressing liquid-phase formation at grain boundaries and hindering densification. Overall, this study provides new insights into how particle size and agglomeration affect the sintering of LLZO ceramics, offering guidance for optimizing powd

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Research on Active Training Model of Rehabilitation Robot Based on Joint Torque Signal 2

Research on Active Training Model of Rehabilitation Robot Ba...

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2nd International Symposium on Application of Materials Science and Energy Materials, SAMSE 2018

作者： Wang, Hongbo Yan, Hao Yan, Yonggan Li, Yungui Niu, Baoshan Liu, Meng Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System Laboratory of Hebei Province Yanshan University China Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging and Stamping Technology and Science of Ministry of Education Yanshan University China Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan University Shanghai China

This paper constructs a man-machine integrated no-load static model considering the self-balancing of the mechanism, obtains the mapping relationship among joint variable, no-load torque, measured torque and end-force of the patient. According to the damping control strategy, the end force and speed mapping function planning is completed. The joint angular velocities based on the kinematic inverse solution are calculated, which are important parameter of man-machine coupling motion. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Balancing

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Analysis and Optimization of a Spatial Parallel Mechanism for a New 5-DOF Hybrid Serial-Parallel Manipulator

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2018年第3期31卷 60-68页

作者： Dong-Sheng Zhang Yun-Dou Xu Jian-Tao Yao Yong-Sheng Zhao Parallel Robot and Mechatronic System Laboratory of Hebei Province Yanshan University Key Laboratory of Advanced Forging & Stamping Technology and Science of Ministry of National Education Yanshan University

Hybrid manipulators have potentially application in machining industries and attract extensive attention from many researchers on the basis of high sti ness and high dexterity. Therefore,in order to expand the application prospects of hybrid manipulator,a novel 5?degree?of?freedom(DOF) hybrid serial?parallel manipulator(HSPM) is proposed. Firstly,the design plan of this manipulator is introduced. Secondly,the analysis of this manipulator is carried out in detail,including kinematics analysis,statics analysis,and workspace analysis. Especially,an amplitude equivalent method of disposing the over?constrained force/couple to the non?overconstrained force/couple is used in the statics analysis. Then,three performance indices are used to optimize the PM. Two of them have been widely used,and the third one is a new index which considers the characteristics of the actuated force. Based on the performance indices,the performance atlas is drawn and the optimal design of the PM is investigated. In order to satisfy the anticipant kinetic characteristics of the PM,the verification of the optimized physical dimension is done and the workspace based on the optimized physical dimension is carried out. This paper will lay good theoretical foundations for application of this novel HSPM and also can be applied to other hybrid manipulators.

关键词： Parallel mechanism Performance indices Optimal design Performance atlas

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Solid-particle erosion resistance of NbC-reinforced AlCrFeNi medium-entropy alloy at ambient and elevated temperatures

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Wear 2025年 570卷

作者： Xu, Zhen He, A. Tang, Yunqing Chen, keyang Diao, Guijiang Wu, Mingyu Fraser, Doug Li, Jing Chung, Rei Fang, Ranran Vorobyev, Anatoliy Chen, D.L. Li, D.Y. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Alberta EdmontonABT6G 2H5 Canada State Key Laboratory of Advanced Equipment and Technology for Metal Forming Shandong University Jinan250061 China Trimay Wear Plate Ltd 4805 82 Ave NW EdmontonABT6B 0E5 Canada Suncor Energy Inc 150 6 Ave SW CalgaryABT2P 3E3 Canada School of Optoelectronic Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongwen Road Nanan District Chongqing400065 China Department of Mechanical Industrial and Mechatronics Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University TorontoONM5B 2K3 Canada Shi-changxu Innovation Center for Advanced Materials Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang110016 China

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) and medium-entropy alloys (MEAs) containing passive elements, such as Al and Cr, exhibit good resistance to high-temperature oxidation due to the formation of protective Al2O3 or Cr2O3 oxide scales. The cost-effective AlCrFeNi alloys have demonstrated impressive mechanical properties, attracting considerable attention. In this study, NbC particles in various amounts (10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 wt%) were added to the AlCrFeNi alloy via arc melting to fabricate MEA-matrix composites. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and resistance of the NbC-added AlCrFeNi composites to air-jet sand erosion at both ambient temperature (20 °C) and elevated temperature (500 °C) were investigated. To better evaluate the NbC-AlCrFeNi composites, two commercial materials, high-Cr cast iron (HCCI) and Ni superalloy (Inconel HX), were also tested for comparison. The results demonstrated that the addition of NbC significantly enhanced the erosion resistance of the alloy. Samples containing 40–60 wt% NbC exhibited superior erosion resistance compared to the reference alloys at both 45° and 90° impact angles. The increased hardness, good toughness, and oxidation resistance of the NbC-added AlCrFeNi alloys contributed to their enhanced erosion resistance. This study highlights the potential of AlCrFeNi as a metal matrix for developing high-performance metal-matrix composites (MMCs). © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Metallic matrix composites

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A structure-supporting,self-healing,and high permeating hydrogel bioink for establishment of diverse homogeneous tissue-like constructs

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Bioactive Materials 2021年第10期6卷 3580-3595页

作者： Hongqing Chen Fei Fei Xinda Li Zhenguo Nie Dezhi Zhou Libiao Liu Jing Zhang Haitao Zhang Zhou Fei Tao Xu Department of Neurosurgery Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an710032People’s Republic of China Department of Neurosurgery Central Theater General HospitalWuhan430010People’s Republic of China Department of Ophthalmology Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an710032People’s Republic of China Biomanufacturing and Rapid Forming Technology Key Laboratory of Beijing Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology Ministry of EducationDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084People’s Republic of China Department of Neurosurgery Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu610072China Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital Chengdu610072China Department of Orthopedics Fourth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital100048BeijingPeople’s Republic of China East China Institute of Digital Medical Engineering Shangrao334000People’s Republic of China Department of Precision Medicine and Healthcare Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen InstituteShenzhen518055People’s Republic of China

The ready-to-use,structure-supporting hydrogel bioink can shorten the time for ink preparation,ensure cell dispersion,and maintain the preset shape/microstructure without additional assistance during ***,ink with high permeability might facilitate uniform cell growth in biological constructs,which is beneficial to homogeneous tissue ***,current bioinks are hard to meet these requirements simultaneously in a simple ***,based on the fast dynamic crosslinking of aldehyde hyaluronic acid(AHA)/N-carboxymethyl chitosan(CMC)and the slow stable crosslinking of gelatin(GEL)/4-arm poly(ethylene glycol)succinimidyl glutarate(PEG-SG),we present a time-sharing structure-supporting(TSHSP)hydrogel bioink with high permeability,containing 1%AHA,0.75%CMC,1%GEL and 0.5%*** TSHSP hydrogel can facilitate printing with proper viscoelastic property and self-healing *** crosslinking with 4%PEG-SG for only 3 min,the integrity of the cell-laden construct can last for 21 days due to the stable internal and external GEL/PEG-SG networks,and cells manifested long-term viability and spreading ***-like,muscle-like,and cartilage-like in vitro constructs exhibited homogeneous cell growth and remarkable biological *** work provides not only a convenient and practical bioink for tissue engineering,targeted cell therapy,but also a new direction for hydrogel bioink development.

关键词： Time-sharing structure-supporting High permeability Bioink Homogeneous cell growth Tissue-like constructs

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Study on deformation mechanism of aluminum alloys containing the second-phase particles via crystal plasticity simulation

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2025年 1035卷

作者： Rui Li Jiao Jiao Hongrui Zhang Jiuzhi Dong Zebang Zheng Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Mechatronics Equipment Technology School of Mechanical Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin 300387 China Tianjin Long March Launch Vehicle Manufacturing Co. Ltd. Tianjin 300462 China Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Xi'an 710119 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Performance Precision Forming Technology and Equipment School of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an 710072 China

Hard second-phase particles (SPPs) are ubiquitously present in aluminum alloys. However, in numerical simulations of their forming processes, these alloys are often treated as ideal homogeneous materials, which can lead to significant calculation errors. To address this issue, a three-dimensional (3D) mesoscopic crystal plasticity finite element (CPFE) model is developed for the 2219 aluminum alloy. This model takes into account the heterogeneity arising from different grain orientations and the presence of SPPs. The CPFE calculations are carried out by using the Abaqus software with a user material subroutine (UMAT). Additionally, the grain morphology and orientation obtained from experimental results are discretized and incorporated into the CPFE model. The consistency between the stress-strain curves and texture evolutions predicted by the CPFE model and those obtained from experimental tests validates the reliability of the model. Moreover, a comparison between the results of the CPFE model and those of the traditionally used Macro-FE model highlights the necessity of the CPFE model. Furthermore, based on the CPFE model, a comprehensive study is conducted on the influence of various factors on the deformation mechanism of the alloy. These factors include the loading direction, deformation mode, initial texture of the matrix aluminum, and the size, density, morphology of the SPPs. The results reveal that both grain orientation and the SPPs significantly enhance the inhomogeneity of the alloy's stress and strain distributions during deformation. Under the same deformation degree (5 %), the relative standard deviation (RSD) of stress and strain calculated by the CPFE model with SPPs is 17.4 % and 15.6 % separately higher than that calculated by the homogeneous Macro-FE model. The deformation mode, loading direction, initial matrix texture, particle size and density, as well as particle morphology, all have pronounced effects on the deformation behavior of the alloy

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