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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Jingyao Guo, Huijie Qiang, Wenwen Li, Jiangmeng Zheng, Changwen Xiong, Hui Hua, Gang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Key Laboratory of Space Integrated Information System Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing China Thrust of Artificial Intelligence Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Guangzhou China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Wormpex AI Research LLC BellevueWA98004 United States

Humans excel at adapting perceptions and actions to diverse environments, enabling efficient interaction with the external world. This adaptive capability relies on the biological nervous system (BNS), which activates different brain regions for distinct tasks. Meta-learning similarly trains machines to handle multiple tasks but relies on a fixed network structure, not as flexible as BNS. To investigate the role of flexible network structure (FNS) in meta-learning, we conduct extensive empirical and theoretical analyses, finding that model performance is tied to structure, with no universally optimal pattern across tasks. This reveals the crucial role of FNS in meta-learning, ensuring meta-learning to generate the optimal structure for each task, thereby maximizing the performance and learning efficiency of meta-learning. Motivated by this insight, we propose to define, measure, and model FNS in meta-learning. First, we define that an effective FNS should possess frugality, plasticity, and sensitivity. Then, to quantify FNS in practice, we present three measurements for these properties, collectively forming the structure constraint with theoretical supports. Building on this, we finally propose Neuromodulated Meta-Learning (NeuronML) to model FNS in meta-learning. It utilizes bi-level optimization to update both weights and structure with the structure constraint. Extensive theoretical and empirical evaluations demonstrate the effectiveness of NeuronML on various tasks. Code is publicly available at https://***/WangJingyao07/NeuronML. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Anomalous Polarization-Switching Phenomena and Noteworthy Pyroelectricity in Ferroelectric Hf0.5zr0.5o2 Polycrystalline Films

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wang, Xudong Zhou, Yong Xiong, Ke Wu, Shuyu Tu, Luqi Chen, Yan Wu, Shuaiqin Zeng, Jinhua Zheng, Yuqing Gu, Shiqun Luo, Man Lin, Tie Shen, Hong Meng, Xiangjian Liu, Qi Chu, Junhao Wang, Jianlu State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai200083 China Key Laboratory of Microelectronics Device and Integrated Technology Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100029 China Frontier Institute of Chip and System Fudan University Shanghai200433 China Shanghai Frontier Base of Intelligent Optoelectronics and Perception Institute of Optoelectronics Fudan University Shanghai200433 China Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou330106 China BirenTech Shanghai201114 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ASIC Design School of Information Science and Technology Nantong University Jiangsu Nantong226019 China

Hafnia-based oxide thin films exhibit unconventional robust ferroelectricity at the nanoscale, paving the way for advancements in next-generation nanoelectronics. However, the stability and dynamics of ferroelectric polarization in hafnia-based oxides films, particularly at the nanoscale, warrant further exploration. In this study, we delve into the factors influencing the formation of the ferroelectric phase. Our findings illuminate that the confinement effect of the capped layer enhances the stabilization of the metastable orthorhombic phase, thereby bolstering its ferroelectricity and endurance. Furthermore, we identify an unprecedented polarization-switching behavior in HfO2-based ferroelectric films, characterized by a decrease in the remanent polarization and an increase in the coercive field as the temperature drops. This peculiar phenomenon can be ascribed to the reduction in the long-range interaction of polarization dipoles upon cooling, as evidenced by the dielectric spectrum. The diminished long-range interaction results in the emergence of nanodomains and a re-entrant relaxer behavior, offering novel insights into the origin of ferroelectricity and the stability of ferroelectric polarization in hafnia-based thin films. Given the commendable compatibility of Hf0.5Zr0.5O2 films with Si substrates and a pyroelectric coefficient of -62.1 μC/m2·K, they emerge as a prime candidate for sensor device applications. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Thin films

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Broadband Chaos Generation from Relaxation Oscillation-Free Polarization Mode of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser

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Guangxue Xuebao/Acta Optica Sinica 2025年第10期45卷

作者： Di, Chengzhen Liu, Qi Wang, Longsheng Zhao, Qingchun Guo, Yuanyuan Chang, Pengfa Jia, Zhiwei Wang, Anbang Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of Education Taiyuan University of Technology Shanxi Taiyuan030024 China College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Taiyuan University of Technology Shanxi Jinzhong030600 China Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Physics Ministry of Shanxi Province Taiyuan University of Technology Shanxi Taiyuan030024 China School of Computer and Communication Engineering Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao Hebei Qinhuangdao066004 China Key Laboratory of Photonic Technology for Integrated Sensing and Communication Ministry of Education Guangdong University of Technology Guangdong Guangzhou510006 China

Objective Secure communication based on chaotic lasers has gained significant attention in recent years due to its high speed and compatibility with existing fiber-optic networks. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are promising candidates, offering a compact structure and low power consumption. However, VCSELs are constrained by chaotic bandwidth limitations induced by relaxation oscillations, which reduce the secure transmission rate. Existing methods for broadening the chaos bandwidth often rely on complex external perturbations, which may hinder system synchronization. We propose a simplified method for generating broadband chaos by utilizing the relaxation-oscillation-free polarization mode of VCSELs. Methods We present a novel approach for generating broadband chaos by utilizing the relaxation-oscillation-free polarization mode of VCSELs. The experimental setup (Fig. 1) employs a custom single-mode VCSEL with a wavelength of 1550 nm and no internal isolator. The laser is powered by a low-noise current source and is equipped with precise temperature control to ensure stable operation. Optical feedback is provided via a fiber mirror, with its intensity regulated by a variable optical attenuator. Polarization controllers are used to align the feedback polarization, directing X mode feedback to the X mode and Y mode feedback to the Y mode. The output signals are separated into X+Y, X, and Y modes using polarization beam splitters. The spectral, temporal, and dynamic properties of the VCSEL are analyzed using an optical spectrum analyzer, a high-speed oscilloscope, and an electrical spectrum analyzer. key parameters, including bias current and feedback strength, are systematically varied and optimized to investigate their effects on chaos generation, with the aim of identifying the optimal conditions for achieving broadband chaos with the desired characteristics. Results and Discussions We begin with an in-depth analysis of the free-running VCSEL to e

关键词： Optical feedback

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Model-based Optimization of Pod Point Matching Decision in Robotic Mobile Fulfillment system

Model-based Optimization of Pod Point Matching Decision in R...

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International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Applications (ICIEA)

作者： Tongtong Ji Kai Zhang Yuhan Dong Tsinghua University Beijing China Research Institute of Tsinghua Pearl River Delta Guangzhou China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Sensor and Integrated System Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9781728167855

ISBN: (纸本)9781728167862

This research is proposed to optimize the pod point matching decision in robotic mobile fulfillment system (RMFS). In an RMFS, pod point matching decision is to solve the problem of which storage point should be chosen as the target for a pod after its picking task. In this paper, two different perspectives are proposed to solve this problem: arrange one pod at a time and arrange multiple pods at a time. From both perspectives, the optimization model is developed using a concept of estimation for future travelling distance of pod. To solve these models, three-class-based strategy and Kuhn-Munkras (KM) algorithm are used. Simulation experiments are carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model and algorithm. By comparing with other traditional strategies, it's found that using KM algorithm to solve the model of arranging multiple pods simultaneously will lead to good results.

关键词： Task analysis Linear programming Velocity measurement Optimization Robot sensing systems Estimation

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1.3-μm 4×25-Gb/s hybrid integrated TOSA and ROSA

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019年第4期20卷 490-497页

作者： Yu LIU Hao-tian BAO Yi-ming ZHANG Zhi-ke ZHANG Yun-shan ZHANG Xiang-fei CHEN Jun LU Yue-chun SHI Jia-shun ZHANG Liang-liang WANG Jun-ming AN Ning-hua ZHU State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communications System and Networks School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Microwave-Photonics Technology Laboratory College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University

The design and fabrication of a compact and low-cost 4×25-Gb/s transmitter optical sub-assembly(TOSA) and receiver optical sub-assembly(ROSA) using a hybrid integrated technique are reported. TOSA and ROSA are developed without thermoelectric cooler for coarse wavelength division multiplexing applications. Physical dimension of the packaged optical subassembly is limited to 11.5 mm×5.4 mm×5.4 mm. The design of TOSA and ROSA is employed using a silica-based arrayed waveguide grating chip to select the specific channel wavelength at O-band. In TOSA, the wavelength of four 1.3-μm discrete directly modulated laser chips is well controlled based on the reconstruction equivalent chirp technique. In the back-to-back transmission test, bit error rates for all lanes of cascade of the TOSA and ROSA are small. A clear opening eye diagram is obtained.

关键词： Reconstruction equivalent chirp Arrayed waveguide grating Transmitter optical subassembly Hybrid integrated

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Recent progress of integrated circuits and optoelectronic chips

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第10期64卷 103-135页

作者： Yue HAO Shuiying XIANG Genquan HAN Jincheng ZHANG Xiaohua MA Zhangming ZHU Xingxing GUO Yahui ZHANG Yanan HAN Ziwei SONG Yan LIU Ling YANG Hong ZHOU Jiangyi SHI Wei ZHANG Min XU Weisheng ZHAO Biao PAN Yangqi HUANG Qi LIU Yimao CAI Jian ZHU Xin OU Tiangui YOU Huaqiang WU Bin GAO Zhiyong ZHANG Guoping GUO Yonghua CHEN Yong LIU Xiangfei CHEN Chunlai XUE Xingjun WANG Lixia ZHAO Xihua ZOU Lianshan YAN Ming LI School of Microelectronics Xidian University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University National Integrated Circuit Innovation Center School of Microelectronics Fudan University School of Integrated Circuit Science and Engineering Beihang University China Center for Information Industry Development Frontier Institute of Chip and System Fudan University Institute of Microelectronics Peking University Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute State Key Laboratory of Functional Material for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Microelectronics Tsinghua University Center for Carbon-based Electronics Department of Electronics Peking University CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence and Synergetic Innovation Center in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Origin Quantum Computing Company Limited Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices School of Optoelectronic Science and EngineeringUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures & College of Engineering and Applied Sciences Nanjing University State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics Institute of Semiconductors Chinese Academy of Sciences Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Engineering and Computer Science Peking University School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Tiangong University Center for Information Photonics and Communications School of Information Science and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong University School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering

integrated circuits(ICs) and optoelectronic chips are the foundation stones of the modern information society. The IC industry has been driven by the so-called "Moore's law" in the past 60 years, and now has entered the post Moore's law era. In this paper, we review the recent progress of ICs and optoelectronic chips. The research status, technical challenges and development trend of devices, chips and integrated technologies of typical IC and optoelectronic chips are focused on. The main contents include the development law of IC and optoelectronic chip technology, the IC design and processing technology, emerging memory and chip architecture, brain-like chip structure and its mechanism, heterogeneous integration, quantum chip technology, silicon photonics chip technology, integrated microwave photonic chip, and optoelectronic hybrid integrated chip.

关键词： integrated circuit semiconductor science and technology optoelectronic device and chip photonic integrated circuit wide bandgap semiconductors silicon photonics hybrid integration quantum chip integrated microwave photonic photonic neural computing

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Insulating materials for realising carbon neutrality:Opportunities,remaining issues and challenges

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High Voltage 2022年第4期7卷 610-632页

作者： Chuanyang Li Yang Yang Guoqiang Xu Yao Zhou Mengshuo Jia Shaolong Zhong Yu Gao Chanyeop Park Qiang Liu Yalin Wang Shakeel Akram Xiaoliang Zeng Yi Li Fangwei Liang Bin Cui Junpeng Fang Lingling Tang Yulin Zeng Xingtao Hu Jiachen Gao Giovanni Mazzanti Jinliang He Jianxiao Wang Davide Fabiani Gilbert Teyssedre Yang Cao Feipeng Wang Yunlong Zi The State Key Laboratory of Power System Department of Electrical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering The Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina Simpson Querrey Institute Northwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinoisUSA Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering ETH ZürichZürichSwitzerland School of Electrical and Information Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjinChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Mississippi State UniversityMississippi StateMississippiUSA Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterUK Department of Electrical Engineering School of Electronic Information and Electrical EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Control of Power Transmission and Conversion(SJTU) Ministry of EducationShanghaiChina College of Electrical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengduChina Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences ShenzhenShenzhenChina School of Electrical Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina School of Integrated Circuits Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina Jiangsu Jinxin Electric Appliance Co.Ltd. YangzhouChina Tai'an Tiancheng Safety Evaluation Co. Ltd.Tai'anChina Department Electrical Electronic and Information EngineeringUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking UniversityBeijingChina Laplace Paul Sabatier Universityand CNRSToulouseFrance Electrical and Computer Engineering University of ConnecticutStorrsConnecticutUSA State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology School of Electrical EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqingChina Thrust of Sustainable Energy and Environment The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)GuangzhouChina De

The 2050 carbon-neutral vision spawns a novel energy structure revolution,and the construction of the future energy structure is based on equipment *** material,as the core of electrical power equipment and electrified transportation asset,faces unprecedented challenges and *** goal of carbon neutral and the urgent need for innovation in electric power equipment and electrification assets are first *** engineering challenges constrained by the insulation system in future electric power equipment/devices and electrified transportation assets are *** materials,including intelligent insulating material,high thermal conductivity insulating material,high energy storage density insulating material,extreme environment resistant insulating material,and environmental-friendly insulating material,are cat-egorised with their scientific issues,opportunities and challenges under the goal of carbon neutrality being *** the context of carbon neutrality,not only improves the understanding of the insulation problems from a macro level,that is,electrical power equipment and electrified transportation asset,but also offers opportunities,remaining issues and challenges from the insulating material *** is hoped that this paper en-visions the challenges regarding design and reliability of insulations in electrical equipment and electric vehicles in the context of policies towards carbon neutrality *** authors also hope that this paper can be helpful in future development and research of novel insulating materials,which promote the realisation of the carbon-neutral vision.

关键词： neutral insulation extreme

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Undoped Strained Ge Quantum Well with Ultrahigh Mobility Grown by Reduce Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Kong, Zhenzhen Li, Zonghu Cao, Gang Su, Jiale Zhang, Yiwen Liu, Jinbiao Liu, Jingxiong Ren, Yuhui Wei, Laiming Guo, Guoping Wu, Yuanyuan Radamson, Henry H. Li, Junfeng Wu, Zhenhua Li, Haiou Yang, Jiecheng Zhao, Chao Wang, Guilei Integrated Circuit Advanced Process R&D Center Institute of Microelectronics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100029 China School of Integrated Circuits University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei230088 China School of Advanced Manufacturing Engineering Hefei University Hefei230601 China Origin Quantum Computing Company Limited Hefei230026 China Research and Development Center of Optoelectronic Hybrid IC Guangdong Greater Bay Area Institute of Integrated Circuit and System Guangzhou510535 China Beijing Superstring Academy of Memory Technology 100176 China

We fabricate an undoped Ge quantum well under a 30 nm relaxed Ge0.8Si0.2 shallow barrier. The bottom barrier contains Ge0.8Si0.2 (650 ℃) followed by Ge0.9Si0.1 (800 ℃) such that variation of Ge content forms a sharp interface that can suppress the threading dislocation density (TDD) penetrating into the undoped Ge quantum well. The Ge0.8Si0.2 barrier introduces enough in-plane parallel strain (Ε strain -0.41%) in the Ge quantum well. The heterostructure field-effect transistors with a shallow buried channel obtain an ultrahigh two-dimensional hole gas (2DHG) mobility over 2×106 cm2/Vs and a very low percolation of 5.625 × 1010cm−2. A tunable fractional quantum Hall effect at high densities and high magnetic fields has also been observed. This approach defines strained germanium as providing the material basis for tuning the spin-orbit coupling strength for fast and coherent quantum *** Codes 81-05, 81V70 © 2022, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Germanium

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Ultrafast polarization modulation with high-purity chiral quasi-BIC metasurfaces

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Chinese Optics Letters 2025年第5期23卷 053605-053605页

作者： Fangxing Lai Yubin Fan Xinbo Sha Huachun Deng Xiong Jiang Shumin Xiao Can Huang Qinghai Song Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Lab of Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Information System Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen 518055 China Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Quantum Functional Materials and Sensor Devices Harbin 150001 China

Precise control of the polarization state of light on ultrafast time scales plays a key role in revealing the inherent chiral or anisotropic optical responses in various material systems, and it is crucial for applications that require complex polarization encoding. Here, we explore ultrafast polarization control enabled by silicon-based chiral bound state in the continuum (BIC) metasurfaces. By utilizing the intrinsic chiral mode, we achieve high-purity chiral reflection light (S 3 ∼ −0.92) and rapid modulation (∼0.4 ps) of polarization states through all-optical methods. Unlike traditional polarization modulation techniques, our approach leverages the unique advantages of slanted etching dielectric chiral BIC metasurfaces, which facilitate high- Q resonance and exhibit narrow linewidths. These advantages allow swift alterations in polarization states with minimal modulation energy consumption, which should help for greater control of light in integrated photonic applications.

关键词： Light matter interactions Modulation techniques Polarization control Q factor Refractive index Scanning electron microscopy

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Recent Advances in Triboelectric Nanogenerators: From Technological Progress to Commercial Applications

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ACS Nano 2023年第12期17卷 11087-11219页

作者： Choi, Dongwhi Lee, Younghoon Lin, Zong-Hong Cho, Sumin Kim, Miso Ao, Chi Kit Soh, Siowling Sohn, Changwan Jeong, Chang Kyu Lee, Jeongwan Lee, Minbaek Lee, Seungah Ryu, Jungho Parashar, Parag Cho, Yujang Ahn, Jaewan Kim, Il-Doo Jiang, Feng Lee, Pooi See Khandelwal, Gaurav Kim, Sang-Jae Kim, Hyun Soo Song, Hyun-Cheol Kim, Minje Nah, Junghyo Kim, Wook Menge, Habtamu Gebeyehu Park, Yong Tae Xu, Wei Hao, Jianhua Park, Hyosik Lee, Ju-Hyuck Lee, Dong-Min Kim, Sang-Woo Park, Ji Young Zhang, Haixia Zi, Yunlong Guo, Ru Cheng, Jia Yang, Ze Xie, Yannan Lee, Sangmin Chung, Jihoon Oh, Il-Kwon Kim, Ji-Seok Cheng, Tinghai Gao, Qi Cheng, Gang Gu, Guangqin Shim, Minseob Jung, Jeehoon Yun, Changwoo Zhang, Chi Liu, Guoxu Chen, Yufeng Kim, Suhan Chen, Xiangyu Hu, Jun Pu, Xiong Guo, Zi Hao Wang, Xudong Chen, Jun Xiao, Xiao Xie, Xing Jarin, Mourin Zhang, Hulin Lai, Ying-Chih He, Tianyiyi Kim, Hakjeong Park, Inkyu Ahn, Junseong Huynh, Nghia Dinh Yang, Ya Wang, Zhong Lin Baik, Jeong Min Choi, Dukhyun Kyung Hee University Gyeonggi Yongin17104 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Soft Robotics Research Center Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Mechanical Engineering Gachon University Seongnam13120 Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu30013 Taiwan School of Advanced Materials Science & Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Sungkyunkwan University 2066 Seobu-ro Gyeonggi Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering National University of Singapore 4 Engineering Drive 4 117585 Singapore Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Jeonbuk National University 567 Baekje-daero Jeonbuk Jeonju54896 Korea Republic of Jeonbuk National University 567 Baekje-daero Jeonbuk Jeonju54896 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Inha University 100 Inha-ro Incheon22212 Korea Republic of School of Materials Science & Engineering Yeungnam University Gyeongbuk Gyeongsan38541 Korea Republic of 291 Daehak-ro Daejeon34141 Korea Republic of School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Institute of Flexible Electronics Technology of Tsinghua Zhejiang Jiaxing314000 China Nanomaterials and System Lab Major of Mechatronics Engineering Faculty of Applied Energy System Jeju National University Jeju632-43 Korea Republic of School of Engineering University of Glasgow GlasgowG128QQ United Kingdom Seoul02792 Korea Republic of Department of Physics Inha University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of

Serious climate changes and energy-related environmental problems are currently critical issues in the world. In order to reduce carbon emissions and save our environment, renewable energy harvesting technologies will serve as a key solution in the near future. Among them, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which is one of the most promising mechanical energy harvesters by means of contact electrification phenomenon, are explosively developing due to abundant wasting mechanical energy sources and a number of superior advantages in a wide availability and selection of materials, relatively simple device configurations, and low-cost processing. Significant experimental and theoretical efforts have been achieved toward understanding fundamental behaviors and a wide range of demonstrations since its report in 2012. As a result, considerable technological advancement has been exhibited and it advances the timeline of achievement in the proposed roadmap. Now, the technology has reached the stage of prototype development with verification of performance beyond the lab scale environment toward its commercialization. In this review, distinguished authors in the world worked together to summarize the state of the art in theory, materials, devices, systems, circuits, and applications in TENG fields. The great research achievements of researchers in this field around the world over the past decade are expected to play a major role in coming to fruition of unexpectedly accelerated technological advances over the next decade. © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

关键词： Nanogenerators

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