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Bicarbonate used as a buffer for controlling nutrient solution pH value during the growth of hydroponic lettuce

International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2024年第3期17卷 59-67页

作者： Mengxue Zhang Wenxin Wang Luming Zhong Fang Ji Dongxian He Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of MARA College of Water Resources&Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Unstable pH of nutrient solution in hydroponic systems is a major obstacle to *** simplify the management of nutrient solution pH and attenuate negative effects of pH on plant growth,this study investigated the effect of different buffer salt additions on nutrient solution pH,ion uptake,growth and photosynthesis of Yamazaki lettuce,with the equivalent concentrations of macro-element *** results indicated that the pH of nutrient solution was buffered to varying degrees by the 2 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-),1 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-),and 0.33 mol/L HPO_(4)^(2-)The 0.33 mol/L HPO_(4)^(2-)treatment fluctuated most with a pH of 1.74 units,while the addition of HCO_(3)^(-)buffered nutrient solution pH was better,with higher pH values(7.2-7.7).The CK-pH control solution,1 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-)and 0.33 mol/L HPO_(4)^(2-)treatments all promoted the uptake of ion and then the growth of lettuce was better in comparison with the CK-pH no adjustment treatment,while the 2 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-)treatment inhibited K uptake and reduced the availability of Fe,the shoot and root fresh weight of lettuce decreased by 21.3%and 10.1%,*** addition,although the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate under 1 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-)and 0.33 mol/L HPO_(4)^(2-)treatments were significantly lower than the CK-pH control solution treatment,there were no significant differences in leaf length and leaf number of lettuce among them,and shoot fresh weight per plant was 83.09,82.95,and 78.92 g,*** conclusion,adding 1 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-)to the nutrient solution in a single dosage not only buffered the pH of nutrient solution better but also promoted ion uptake,it had no negative effects on the growth,photosynthesis and ion uptake of hydroponic lettuce in comparison with the CK-pH control solution ***,1 mol/L HCO_(3)^(-)can be used as a buffer during the growth of hydroponic lettuce and reduce frequent addition of acids or alkalis,and then simplify the management of nut

关键词： pH buffer nutrient solution hydroponic lettuce growth ion uptake

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Effects of plug tray cell size on the growth of Atractylodes Chinensis (DC) Koidz seedlings

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2024年第4期17卷 45-52页

作者： Kaixuan Shi Juwen Liang Fang Ji Dongxian He Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of MARA College of Water Resources&Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Atractylodes Chinensis(DC)Koidz is a perennial herb often used as a prescription medicine for influenza,to invigorate the spleen and remove *** quality of the herb is determined by the quality of the *** traditional *** seedling production technique has nonuniform seedlings and low *** plug seedling technique was used to produce *** *** study was conducted to determine the growth characteristics of *** seedlings according to the cell size of plug trays and number of days after *** height,stem diameter,rhizome diameter,number of leaves,leaf area,and shoot dry and fresh weight of *** seedlings were significantly higher in the P32-D treatment than in the P72,P50,and P32 treatments,but not significantly different from the P28-D treatment 60 d after *** P28-D treatment resulted in a considerable drop in rhizome fresh weight and healthy seedling index,both of which are key indicators for assessing seedling *** the differences in Pn among treatments were not significantly different,Tr was considerably greater in *** seedlings treated with P32-D and P28-D than in the other three *** P32-D and P28-D treatments had considerably greater potential maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII,quantum yield of photosystem II,photochemical quenching and electron transport rate than the other three *** vitality of *** seedlings was significantly stronger in the P32-D treatment than in the other four treatments,and it was 1.9 times higher than in the P28-D *** soluble protein,soluble sugar,and starch contents of *** seedlings were highest in the P32-D treatment,but the differences among treatments were not ***,EUE,PY and EY were significantly higher in the P32-D treatment than in the other four treatments,being 1.3,1.3,1.4 and 1.4 times higher than in P28-D,*** the other hand,as for the change in the gro

关键词： Atractylodes Chinensis(DC)Koidz plug seedling plug tray cell size

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Breakthrough of Carbon-Ash Recalcitrance in Hydrochar via Molten Carbonate:engineering Mineral-Rich Biowaste Toward Sustainable Platform Carbon Materials

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engineering 2024年第5期36卷 167-177页

作者： Zihan Wang Leli Zhang Yuanhui Zhang Zhidan Liu Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy(E2E) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and EnvironmentMinistry of AgricultureCollege of Water Resources and Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbanaIL 61801USA

The function-led design of porous hydrochar from mineral-rich biowaste for environmental applications inevitably suffers from carbon-ash ***,a method to alter the original carbon skeleton with ash remains elusive and hinders the availability of ***,we propose a facile strategy for breaking the rigid structure of carbon-ash coupled hydrochar using phase-tunable molten carbonates.A case system was designed in which livestock manure and NaHCO3 were used to prepare the activated hydrochar,and NH3 served as the target *** to the redox effect,we found that organic fractions significantly advanced the melting temperature of Na2CO3 below 800℃.The Na species steadily broke the carbon-ash interaction as the thermal intensity increased and transformed inorganic constituents to facilitate ash dissolution,rebuilding the hydrochar skeleton with abundant hierarchical channels and active defect *** surface polarity and mesopore distribution collectively governed the five cycles NH3 adsorption attenuation *** hydrochar delivered favorable potential for application with a maximum overall adsorption capacity of 100.49 mg·g^(-1).Integrated spectroscopic characterization and theoretical computations revealed that incorporating NH3 on the carbon surface could transfer electrons to chemisorbed oxygen,which promoted the oxidation of pyridine-N during *** work offers deep insight into the structure function correlation of hydrochar and inspires a more rational design of engineered hydrochar from high-ash biowaste.

关键词： Hydrochar Livestock manure Ammonia adsorption Deashing Oxygen activation

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LED supplementary strategy based on hourly light integral for improving the yield and quality of greenhouse strawberries

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2024年第5期17卷 96-104页

作者： Ruimei Yang Chenhui Qiu Jianfeng Zheng Fang Ji Dongxian He Po Yang Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of MARA College of Water Resources&Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Beijing Lighting Valley Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing 100083China

Supplemental lighting is critical to the growth of greenhouse crops under the environmental conditions of low temperatures combined with weak radiation during the winter and spring *** achieve the essential daily light integral(DLI)for greenhouse crop growth,a supplemental light strategy was proposed based on hourly light integral(HLI).The target HLI was calculated by dividing the target DLI by the duration of light exposure,while the actual HLI was obtained by accumulating the Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density(PPFD)based on real-time ***,the supplemental lighting duration for the next hour was determined by the difference between the target HLI and the actual HLI from all previous ***,the supplementary lighting strategy incorporated maximum values for both PPFD and temperature,and the supplemental light was withheld whenever the actual PPFD or temperature exceeded these *** experiment was conducted on strawberries in a commercial greenhouse,targeting a DLI of 12.6 mol/(m2∙d),with no supplemental lighting as the *** results indicated that LED supplemental lighting based on HLI increased the DLI to approximately10 mol/(m2∙d)and raised the strawberry canopy temperature by 1°C-2°*** to the control treatment,the LED supplemental lighting based on HLI significantly improved the net photosynthetic rate,stem thickness,number of leaves,leaf length,and leaf width of the strawberry ***,the fruit yield per plant,soluble solids content,and sugar-acid ratio in the supplemental lighting treatment increased by 32%,21%,and 33%,***,LED supplemental lighting based on HLI is an effective strategy for improving the yield and quality of greenhouse crop production.

关键词： daily light integral hourly light integral greenhouse strawberry LED supplementary strategy temperature coupling control

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Effects of high-pressure activated slightly acidic electrolyzed water on cleaning and sterilization of pig transfer vehicles

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2024年第4期17卷 53-59页

作者： Xuedong Zhao Shengnan Tao Fei Qi Hao Li Zhengxiang Shi Department of Agricultural Structure and Bioenvironmental Engineering College of Water Resources&Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsBeijing 100083China Beijing Engineering Research Center on Animal Healthy Environment Beijing 100083China

The establishment of biosafety system is of enormous importance to the livestock and poultry production in terms of mitigating the transmission of diseases and implementing regional prevention and control ***,the current sterilization technology presents several drawbacks,including time-consuming procedures,chemical residues,and challenges in treating the sewage after *** this study,a novel cleaning and sterilization method that combines slightly acidic electrolyzed water and high pressure water-jet was *** orthogonal test was conducted to examine the correlation between high-pressure conditions and the various non-structural parameters on the efficacy of sterilization *** a field test,the effectiveness of the technology in cleaning pig transfer vehicles was evaluated by the total plate count and variations of community *** findings revealed that the combination of process parameters,including an available chlorine concentration of 200 mg/L,rinsing pressure of 170 bar,rinsing duration of 10 s,and residence time of 15 min,resulted in a removal rate of colony concentration on the surface of pig transfer vehicles of(96.50±0.91)%.Moreover,it was demonstrated to effectively inhibit a variety of pathogenic *** innovative cleaning system has the potential to replace traditional methods and reduces pollution while saving time and *** introduces a novel approach for sterilization of transportation in livestock and poultry farms as well as the biosafety construction of the animal husbandry.

关键词： slightly acidic electrolyzed water high pressure water-jet sterilization biosafety concentrated animal production

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Two-stage seedling cultivation method for sweet peppers combining closed plant factory and solar greenhouse

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2023年第6期16卷 56-66页

作者： Hongbo Cui Fang Ji Yanni Liu Zhengyang Luo Xiufeng Wang Jianfeng Wang Key Laboratory of Facility Vegetable of Jilin Province Jilin Academy of Vegetable and Flower SciencesChangchun 130119China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of MARA College of Water Resources&Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Horticulture Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130033China

This study introduced a two-stage cultivation method for sweet pepper seedlings, integrating the strengths of a closed plant factory and solar greenhouse, to mitigate the environmental constraints in Northeast China during the early spring season. In the first stage, seedlings were cultivated in a closed plant factory, followed by a second stage in a solar greenhouse. Four treatments- T1 (9 and 36 d), T2 (12 and 33 d), T3 (15 and 30 d), and T4 (18 and 27 d) - were designed for the first and second stages, respectively, with solar greenhouse-only approach serving as the control (CK). The findings reveal that the two-stage methodology significantly outperformed the control across multiple metrics, including seedling health index, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic capacity, yield, etc. Specifically, T3 emerged as optimal, boosting the health index by 38.59%, elevating chlorophyll content by 39.61%, increasing net photosynthesis by 34.61%, and augmenting yield per plant by 40.67%. Additionally, T3 expedited the time to harvest by 25 d compared to the control. Although the seedling cost for T3 was 0.12 RMB yuan higher, the benefits offset the additional investment. In conclusion, the two-stage cultivation method effectively leverages the advantages of both closed-plant factories and solar greenhouses, resulting in superior seedling quality compared to using only solar greenhouses. It offers a practical and economically viable solution for enhancing the quality and yield of sweet pepper seedlings, thus contributing to the progress in the field of facility seedling cultivation research.

关键词： two-stage seedling cultivation sweet peppers closed plant factory solar greenhouse

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Adjusting the nutrient solution formula based on growth stages to promote the yield and quality of strawberry in greenhouse

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2023年第2期16卷 57-64页

作者： Weizhong Yu Jianfeng Zheng Yingli Wang Fang Ji Baoying Zhu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of MARA College of Water Resources&Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Beijing Changping District Management Center of Xiaotangshan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Demonstration Park Beijing 102200China

To optimize the nutrient supply of strawberry,fertilization was reduced as much as possible on the premise of satisfying the elements needed for strawberry *** study put forward a modified nutrient solution formula(NM)by adjusting the ratios of N/K,K/Ca,NO_(3)^(-)-N/NH_(4)^(+)-N in vegetative growth,flowering and fruiting,and fruit expanding stages based on Yamasaki strawberry nutrient solution formula(NY).Taking the NY as the control group,the NM was verified with elevated-grown‘Ssanta’strawberry using three different substrates(Vulcanics-added substrate,Horticultural substrate,Comme rcial substrate)in *** results indicated that under the NM treatment,strawberry plants had better photosynthesis in the vegetative growth stage and flowering and fruiting stage,and the first crop yield and total crops yield per plant also increased by 20%.Although the vegetative growth stage was longer,it entered the full fruiting stage earlier so that the maturity stage was advanced one *** to strawberries grown in horticultural substrate irrigated with NY,the fruit yield per plant of‘Ssanta’strawberry grown in horticultural substrate irrigated with NM increased by 26%,and the sugar-acid ratio and vitamin C content of primary fruits reached 10.6 and 74.1 mg/100g,improving by 41%and 34%*** NM based on the growth stage can optimize the element needs of strawberry in all growth and development stages and maintain the substrate’s pH stability,improving the yield and quality of‘Ssanta’strawberry under substrate ***,it is recommended to use the horticultural substrate irrigated with the modified nutrient solution for the‘Ssanta’strawberries cultivation elevated in greenhouse to improve the economic benefit of strawberry cultivation.

关键词： elevated-grown strawberry nutrient solution formula substrate cultivation phenological stage fruit yield fruit quality

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Nitrogen-doped biochar derived from corn straw for CO2 adsorption: a new vision on nitrogen sources comparison

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Carbon Research 2024年第1期3卷 1-12页

作者： Sun, Yuxuan Jia, Jixiu Liu, Zhidan Liu, Ziyun Huo, Lili Zhao, Lixin Zhao, Yanan Yao, Zonglu Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in North China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P. R. China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture CAAS Beijing100081 China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment Ministry of Agriculture College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing100083 China

Biochar as a highly promising CO2 adsorbent is of great significance in addressing global warming and promoting human health. Research has shown that nitrogen doping improves the CO2 adsorption performance of biochar, but selecting chemical nitrogen sources such as urea and melamine to prepare nitrogen-doped biochar is not conducive to green production and environmental protection. Therefore, it is necessary to identify a new nitrogen source to enhance the emission reduction characteristics of this process. This study selected corn straw as the raw material and cow manure as a representative protein-based nitrogen source to explore its potential as a urea substitute and reveal the hydrothermal carbonization doping mechanism of different nitrogen sources. The results indicated that in raw materials with the same C/N ratio, biochar prepared from cow manure as the nitrogen source had a better doping effect and CO2 adsorption performance. Moreover, a moderate amount of cow manure was beneficial for efficient nitrogen doping and the adsorption of CO2 by biochar, with a maximum CO2 adsorption performance improvement of 32.7%. Due to the different carbon-nitrogen bonds of the different nitrogen sources, urea was more likely to retain amino groups, while macromolecular protein nitrogen sources tended to retain structural nitrogen. The results of this study provide new ideas and theoretical support for preparing other nitrogen-doped carbon materials derived from biomass. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Author(s) 2024.

关键词： Straw

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Enhancing transplant quality by optimizing LED light spectrum to advance post-transplant runner plant propagation in strawberry

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological engineering 2025年第2期18卷 55-62页

作者： Jian Chen Fang Ji Rongwei Gao Dongxian He Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and Environment of MARA College of Water Resources&Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Light quality is a critical determinant in controlling the quality of strawberry transplants in plant factories with artificial lighting(PFALs).However,the impact of full-spectrum LEDs with varying red-to-blue ratios on the growth and biomass accumulation of strawberry transplants remains inadequately ***,the influence of the strawberry transplants obtained on runner plant propagation in greenhouses post-transplanting is *** this reason,this study utilized full-spectrum LEDs(white LEDs and white and red LEDs)with red-to-blue ratios of 0.9(W0.9),1.5(WR1.5),2.0(W2.0),and 2.9(WR2.9)for producing strawberry transplants in the PFAL over a period of 39 ***,ten randomly selected transplants from each above treatment were planted as mother plants in a Chinese solar greenhouse for runner plant propagation,continuing for 98 *** treatments were named as M-W0.9,M-WR1.5,M-W2.0,and M-WR2.9,*** indicated that the total leaf area of transplants in W2.0 was 1.2 times greater than those in W0.9 and WR2.9,exceeding 300 cm².Conversely,the net photosynthetic rate and Fv/Fm of strawberry transplant leaves were significantly higher in W0.9 compared with other treatments,declining with increasing red-to-blue *** terms of biomass and morphological attributes,transplants in W2.0 exhibited higher fresh mass(17.2 g),leaf count(7 per plant),crown diameter(9.9 mm),and crown dry mass(0.27 g)than other ***,the strawberry transplant quality in W2.0 was significantly better than that of the other ***,shoot dry mass of strawberry mother plants in M-W2.0 was 1.4 and 1.3 times greater than those in M-W0.9 and M-WR2.9,*** number of total runner plants and three-leafed runner plants produced in M-W2.0 were 1.9 times higher than those in M-W0.9,averaging 21 and 18 per plant,*** mother plants in M-W2.0 produced 7 runners per plant,resulting in increased runner plant *** conclusion,fu

关键词： strawberry LED light quality transplant quality runner plant propagation

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Heteroatom-doped biochar devised from cellulose for CO_(2) adsorption:a new vision on competitive behavior and interactions of N and S

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1305-1318页

作者： Yuxuan Sun Jixiu Jia Zhidan Liu Ziyun Liu Lili Huo Lixin Zhao Yanan Zhao Zonglu Yao Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Green Agriculture in North China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs P.R.ChinaInstitute of Environment and Sustainable Development in AgricultureCAASBeijing 100081China Laboratory of Environment-Enhancing Energy(E2E) Key Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering in Structure and EnvironmentMinistry of AgricultureCollege of Water Resources and Civil EngineeringChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Biochar,as a potential CO_(2) adsorbent,is of great significance in addressing the problem of global *** studies have demonstrated that the CO_(2) adsorption performance of biochar can be improved by nitrogen and sulfur ***-doping can integrate the structure and function of two ***,the physicochemical interaction of nitrogen and sulfur during doping and the CO_(2) adsorption process remains unclear in co-doped *** this study,the heteroatom-doped biochar was prepared with different additives(urea,sodium thiosulfate,and thiourea)via hydrothermal carbonization,and the physicochemical interaction of nitrogen and sulfur in co-doped biochar was investigated *** findings revealed that nitrogen and sulfur competed for limited doped active sites on the carbon skeleton during the co-doping ***,thiourea retained the amino group on the surface of biochar to a great extent due to carbon-sulfur double bond breaking and bonding,which facilitated the formation of pore in the activation ***,co-doping had no significant improvement effect although nitrogen and sulfur doping separately enhanced the CO_(2) adsorption performance of biochar by 11.9%and 8.5%.The nitrogencontaining and sulfur-containing functional groups in co-doped biochar exhibited mutual inhibition in the process of CO_(2) *** findings of this study will have pertinent implications in the application of N/S co-doped biochar for CO_(2) adsorption.

关键词： N/S co-doping Biochar CO_(2)adsorption Cellulose Physicochemical interaction

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