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Underestimated contribution of fugitive emission to VOCs in pharmaceutical industry based on pollution characteristics, odorous activity and health risk assessment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第4期126卷 722-733页

作者： Qinhao Lin Zhong Gao Weikun Zhu Jiangyao Chen Taicheng An Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control Guangdong Technology Research Center for Photocatalytic Technology Integration and Equipment EngineeringInstitute of Environmental Health and Pollution ControlGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution ControlSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China

Fugitive emission has been becoming an important source of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in pharmaceutical industry,but the exact contribution of fugitive emission remains incompletely *** present study,pollution characteristics,odorous activity and health risk of stack and fugitive emissions of VOCs from four functional units (e.g.,workshop,sewage treatment station,raw material storage and hazardous waste storage) of three representative pharmaceutical factories were *** was the dominant contributor to VOCs of fugitive emission in comparison with other functional *** high concentration of VOCs from fugitive emission in unsealed workshop (94.87 mg/m^(3))was observed relative to sealed one (1.18 mg/m^(3)),accounting for 31%and 5%of total VOCs,*** emission of VOCs in the unsealed workshop mainly consisted of nhexane,1-hexene and *** activity indexes and non-cancer hazard ratios of these VOCs from fugitive emission in the unsealed workshop were as high as that from stack ***,cancer risk of dichloromethane from fugitive emission and stack exhaust was up to (1.6-1.8)×10^(-5).Odorous activity or health risk index of the VOCs from fugitive emission was up to 13 or 11 times of the corresponding threshold value,posing remarkable health threat on pharmaceutical ***?ndings highlighted the possibly underestimated contribution of fugitive emission on VOCs in the pharmaceutical industry.

关键词： Pharmaceutical industry VOC pollution Fugitive emission Odorous activity index Health risk

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THE DECOUPLING AND SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF THE SIX-FORCE SENSORS STRUCTURE FOR aircraft WHEEL IN GROUND DYNAMIC TESTING

THE DECOUPLING AND SIMULATION ANALYSIS OF THE SIX-FORCE SENS...

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2024 CSAA/IET International Conference on aircraft Utility Systems, AUS 2024

作者： Jiang, Bo Li, Tao Shao, YiFan Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute ofCOMAC State Key Laboratory of Airliner Integration Technology and Flight Simulation Shanghai China

To meet the needs of aircraft ground dynamics testing, a six-force sensors decoupling structure is designed and simulated for verification. The core unit is a six-force sensors with an elastic body structure composed of several strain beams. The six-force sensor adopts an eight-beam design, with four strain gauges attached to each beam. Through Abaqus simulation analysis, the structural design of the strain gauges enables partial decoupling of the six-forces. The undecoupled forces of the six-force are decoupled by constraining the rotational freedom of the sensor. By designing the structure of the six-force sensor and constraining its rotational freedom, the decoupling of each output channel can be achieved. © The Institution of Engineering & technology 2024.

关键词： Strain gages

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Longitudinal SCAS design and simulation for civil aircraft simulator

Longitudinal SCAS design and simulation for civil aircraft s...

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2024 International Conference on Aerospace and Mechanics, ICAM 2024

作者： Xie, Gangtao Qu, Xiaoyu Chen, Lei Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China Ltd. Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Aircraft Systems Integration Technology and Flight Simulation Shanghai China

In this paper, the principle and benefits of stability and control augmentation system (SCAS) are introduced. Four schemes of the longitudinal SCAS for civil aircraft in normal mode are analyzed and compared. One of them, i.e., C * response type, is selected. Its architecture is determined. Then, based on a typical civil aircraft, the flight control law of the longitudinal SCAS is designed. A simulation model of the longitudinal SCAS is established through MATLAB software. Finally, the simulation and verification of the longitudinal SCAS model is carried out. The simulation results show that the designed longitudinal SCAS is feasible and can be applied to engineering practice. Compared with either normal load or pitch rate command response type, with proportional and integral feedback for mixed control signals of pitch rate and normal load, C * not only improves the short period characteristics but also effectively separates phugoid and short period frequencies, thus achieving high control accuracy. © 2024 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： MATLAB

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Design and Research of Advanced Test Equipment for Simulating the External Light Environment of aircraft Cockpit 3rd

Design and Research of Advanced Test Equipment for Simulatin...

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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Engineering Applications, ISDEA 2024

作者： Guo, Weihong Xie, Shuge Wang, Hongxin Li, Tao Yuan, Xiaofeng LI, Mengxun Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Airliner Integration Technology and Flight Simulation Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819792429

A design method for an advanced external light environment simulation system is introduced. Firstly, the design requirements of the external light environment simulation system is analyzed, and the functions of the external light environment simulation system are summarized. Secondly, the design requirements for hardware simulation devices are analyzed. The hardware simulation devices include basic sky light environment simulation system, sun and moon environment simulation system, and specific extreme light environment simulation system. The typical parameter indicators of various simulators have been clearly proposed. Thirdly, the simulation algorithms and simulated scenes of this system are summarized. Then, a series of validation experiments were designed to demonstrate that the system has high uniformity and stability in luminescence. In the test, different luminance and color temperature were selected to form different experimental conditions, and test points were selected at different positions in the aircraft test cockpit, all of which showed good uniformity results. Finally, the design features of the external light environment simulation system were summarized, and the technical fields that this system could be applied to are introduced. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Cockpits (aircraft)

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Directional control law functional analysis and design for civil aircraft simulator

Directional control law functional analysis and design for c...

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2024 International Conference on Aerospace and Mechanics, ICAM 2024

作者： Xie, Gangtao Chen, Lei Qu, Xiaoyu Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China Ltd. Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Aircraft Systems Integration Technology and Flight Simulation Shanghai China

Functional analyses of directional flight control law for a typical civil aircraft are conducted, including directional maneuver, rudder limiter, coordinated turn, Yaw Damper, Thrust Asymmetrical Compensation, Gust Alleviation, manual rudder trim, etc. Through inputs of doublet, step input, and sweeping frequency, open loop control characteristics are analyzed based on a linearized state-space matrix. Simulink block architecture of a closed-loop directional control law is constructed, aiming to fulfill flight control functions, including pedal-to-rudder control, Yaw Damper, coordinated turn, and gain-tuned rudder limiter. Simulations for the previously designed closed-loop directional control law are performed to verify the characteristics of directional handling qualities in the aspect of the Yaw Damper, directional static and dynamic stability, maneuverability, and sweeping frequency. © 2024 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Maneuverability

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STUDY ON ICING ENVIROMENT OF TYPICAL CIVIL aircraft BOARDING GATE

STUDY ON ICING ENVIROMENT OF TYPICAL CIVIL AIRCRAFT BOARDING...

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2024 CSAA/IET International Conference on aircraft Utility Systems, AUS 2024

作者： Zhu, Yifan Qiu, Xudong State Key Laboratory of Airliner Integration Technology and Flight Simulation COMAC Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shanghai200126 China

In order to verify the compliance requirements of typical civil aircraft cabin doors to airworthiness provisions in cold weather, a high and low temperature experimental cabin was built with the boarding door as the research object. The freezing opening test of the cabin door's inner handle and outer handle was carried out by means of rain in a low temperature environment. It is found that the ice surface faults are orderly, there is no stuck and no noise during the test, the mechanism is intact, and the hatch door can be closed normally. The opening time of the inner handle after icing is 6.17 s, which meets the requirements of the airworthiness clause. The test results can provide a basis for the design index of the model gate under the icy environment. © The Institution of Engineering & technology 2024.

关键词： aircraft

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Design of 5G ATG system for civil aircraft

Design of 5G ATG system for civil aircraft

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2024 CSAA/IET International Conference on aircraft Utility Systems, AUS 2024

作者： Tang, Zexian Shanghai Aircraft Design and research Institute Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Airliner Integration Technology and Flight Simulation Shanghai China

The 5G ATG technology has been engineered to fulfill the civil aviation requirements for swift and reliable internet services. This article delves into the operational scenarios of 5G ATG, elucidating the principal constituents of the on-board 5G ATG system. It outlines the critical considerations for system development and the tests employed for system verification. © The Institution of Engineering & technology 2024.

关键词： 5G mobile communication systems

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PARTICLE-ELLIPSE IOU LOSS FOR ACCURATE DROGUE DETECTION

PARTICLE-ELLIPSE IOU LOSS FOR ACCURATE DROGUE DETECTION

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2024 CSAA/IET International Conference on aircraft Utility Systems, AUS 2024

作者： Tan, Ke Fan, Jiafei Fan, Boqian Ji, Kang Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology On Aero Electromechanical System Integration Nanjing Engineering Institute of Aircraft Systems AVIC Nanjing China

Drogue detection is widely used in autonomous aerial refueling and drogue control, with high accuracy and speed requirements. However, since the image of the drogue is usually an ellipse with different axis ratios, the Intersection over Union (loU) based on rectangular bounding boxes can hardly accurately measure the similarity between the predicted region and the ground truth. To solve the above issue, we propose a novel particle-ellipse loU (PEloU) loss for drogue detection in this work. By setting particles on the image and calculating the proportion occupied by the overlapping part, an estimation of true IoU for two elliptical regions can be obtained. Furthermore, an improved network based on YOLOv8 was designed, and the PEloU loss was integrated into the model. Finally, a drogue dataset was created containing real images, which was used to perform experiments. The extensive experiments demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper not only outperforms the baseline but also operates efficiently in real-time on edge devices. © The Institution of Engineering & technology 2024.

关键词： Image enhancement

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RESEARCH ON THE VIRTUAL-REAL HYBRID integration OF FLIGHT SIMULATOR BASED ON MULTI-PROTOCOL HETEROGENEOUS FUSION MECHANISM

RESEARCH ON THE VIRTUAL-REAL HYBRID INTEGRATION OF FLIGHT SI...

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2024 CSAA/IET International Conference on aircraft Utility Systems, AUS 2024

作者： Li, Shengjie Wang, Hongxin Li, Linwen Xie, Dianhuang COMAC Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Airliner Integration Technology and Flight Simulation China

It is crucial to confirm the dynamic performance of the flight process during aircraft development. Flight simulators provide a low-cost, flexible, and virtual test tool that can support comprehensive operating scenario tests. This technology simulates the real flight process through computer simulation of aircraft digital models, as well as real-time interaction between the models and physical objects such as the flight control devices during pilot-in-the-loop. Traditionally, the reliability of this virtual-real hybrid integration is difficult to guarantee, which restricts the high-fidelity simulation of real flight processes during complex operating scenarios. Therefore, this article proposes a multi-protocol heterogeneous fusion mechanism to ensure the virtual-real hybrid integration for flight simulators. In this method, heterogeneous signal interaction standards are established based on virtual bus (ED-247A), and a flexible and reliable distribution mechanism is constructed by data distribution services (DDS), and reliable virtual-real hybrid integration is achieved by time sensitive network (TSN). The results show that this method is effectively compatible with multi-source heterogeneous signals, supports flexible deployment of high-speed concurrent distributed systems, has zero packet loss, low jitter, and low latency in signal transmission process, which meets the requirements of reliable virtual-real hybrid integration, and ensures the real-time performance of flight simulators. © The Institution of Engineering & technology 2024.

关键词： Flight simulators

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System and method for detecting the timing of electromechanical control of the aircraft power supply system 8

System and method for detecting the timing of electromechani...

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8th International Conference on Electrical, Mechanical and Computer Engineering, ICEMCE 2024

作者： Yang, Gang Shanghai Aircraft Design and Research Institute Shanghai China State Key Laboratory of Airliner Integration Technology and Flight Simulation Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506230

The electric power multiplexing path of aircraft power supply system is mainly realized by a large number of electromechanical/intelligent control units performing combined actions in accordance with the requirements of the power distribution logic. In order to demonstrate the compliance of the aircraft power supply system distribution logic design, the overall working timing of the electromechanical control units needs to be detected and verified during the ground development test phase. An electromechanical control timing detection system and method of the aircraft power supply system is designed and implemented, which has three levels, and the three levels are cited each other and realized hierarchically. The system has the ability to visually check the sketch page instructions, monitor the accuracy of the unit's actions and its control timing, and detect the validity of its actions and power supply in case of a fault state. The system and method have the advantages of being based on a real power supply system under test, a comprehensive system architecture implementation, and a standardised and efficient detection process. The system and method can meet the needs of electromechanical control timing detection, and has been successfully applied to compliance verification test and airworthiness certification work for power supply system of a certain type of civil aircraft. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： aircraft power systems

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