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Understanding and improving fairness in cognitive diagnosis

Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 99-114页

作者： Zheng ZHANG Le WU Qi LIU Jiayu LIU Zhenya HUANG Yu YIN Yan ZHUANG Weibo GAO Enhong CHEN Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application School of Computer Science and Technology& School of Data Science University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology

Intelligent education is a significant application of artificial intelligence. One of the key research topics in intelligence education is cognitive diagnosis, which aims to gauge the level of proficiency among students on specific knowledge concepts(e.g., Geometry). To the best of our knowledge, most of the existing cognitive models primarily focus on improving diagnostic accuracy while rarely considering fairness issues; for instance, the diagnosis of students may be affected by various sensitive attributes(e.g., region). In this paper,we aim to explore fairness in cognitive diagnosis and answer two questions:(1) Are the results of existing cognitive diagnosis models affected by sensitive attributes?(2) If yes, how can we mitigate the impact of sensitive attributes to ensure fair diagnosis results? To this end, we first empirically reveal that several wellknown cognitive diagnosis methods usually lead to unfair performances, and the trend of unfairness varies among different cognitive diagnosis models. Then, we make a theoretical analysis to explain the reasons behind this phenomenon. To resolve the unfairness problem in existing cognitive diagnosis models, we propose a general fairness-aware cognitive diagnosis framework, FairCD. Our fundamental principle involves eliminating the effect of sensitive attributes on student proficiency. To achieve this, we divide student proficiency in existing cognitive diagnosis models into two components: bias proficiency and fair *** design two orthogonal tasks for each of them to ensure that fairness in proficiency remains independent of sensitive attributes and take it as the final diagnosed result. Extensive experiments on the Program for International Student Assessment(PISA) dataset clearly show the effectiveness of our framework.

关键词： fairness intelligent education cognitive diagnosis psychometrics adversarial learning

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Calibration Method for Driving Behavior Parameters in Simulation Model of Asphalt Pavement with Different Gradations 5

Calibration Method for Driving Behavior Parameters in Simula...

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5th International Conference on Image, Video processing, and Artificial Intelligence, IVPAI 2023

作者： Li, Yuqi Liang, Zijun Wang, Ruihan Deng, Ran Wang, Ruipeng Niu, Yiran Sun, Pei School of Urban Construction and Transportation Hefei University 230601 China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Rail Transit Safety and Emergency Management 230601 China Anhui Province Transportation Big Data Analysis and Application Engineering Laboratory 230601 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510674660

The calibration of driving behavior parameters in the traffic simulation model for pavement formed by different aggregate mixtures is of crucial significance in ensuring the effectiveness of traffic simulation evaluation results for various asphalt pavement. This study first examines different aggregate asphalt mixtures as asphalt pavement materials through experiments. Subsequently, using queue length as the evaluation indicator, a sensitivity analysis is conducted based on VISSIM traffic simulation software to identify the set of sensitive parameter set data among the driving behavior parameters for asphalt pavement under study. The study then uses the traffic simulation model to determine the value of the driving behavior parameter set that result in the smallest error rate between simulated queue length and measured queue length on asphalt pavement. This completes the calibration of driving behavior parameters for the studied asphalt pavement in the traffic simulation model. Finally, the proposed method is validated through real-world case studies. This study proposes a feasible parameter calibration method for traffic simulation scenarios of asphalt pavement formed by different gradations of asphalt mixtures. At the same time, it establishes the foundation for optimizing and controlling intersection signals for corresponding asphalt pavement. © 2024 SPIE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sensitivity analysis

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Text Matching application for integration between industry and education 14

Text Matching application for integration between industry a...

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14th International Conference on Measuring Technology and Mechatronics Automation, ICMTMA 2022

作者： Luo, Yuxuan Li, Xiaoge School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications Shaanxi China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Shaanxi Xi'an710121 China Xi'an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Shaanxi Xi'an710121 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499781

A new talent training mode of collaboration between industry and education was proposed, which aims to reduce the gaps of talent definition between enterprise demand and college education. We formulates scenario as a text matching task of similarity between courses details and job position information, developed a ERNIE+DPCNN based model for the task. The model has been benchmarked on LCQMC dataset, the results show that it achieves the art-of state performance of Acc 0.8809, Recall 0.8745, and FX score 0.8739, We conducted many experiments about the text similarity calculation between domains of industry and educations. The experiment results show our approach has much potential to optimize the curriculum system while applying in this field. © 2022 IEEE

关键词： Industries Training Mechatronics Automation Collaboration Benchmark testing Task analysis

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DDoS Detection and Defense Based on FLAD and SDN 20

DDoS Detection and Defense Based on FLAD and SDN

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20th International Conference on Natural Computation, Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery, ICNC-FSKD 2024

作者： Dong, Jie Fang, Wenyu Zheng, Wanling Liu, Jinkun Liu, Yanhua College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou350108 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou University Fuzhou350108 China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Ministry of Education Fuzhou350108 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350356328

In order to achieve more efficient and accurate DDoS detection while ensuring data privacy, this paper proposes a DDoS detection method based on FLAD. Firstly, this paper uses the FLAD algorithm to train a global DDoS detection model without leaving local traffic data, protecting the privacy and security of traffic data between different hosts, and improving aggregation efficiency by dynamically adjusting the aggregation weights to adapt to different sub-dataset increments. Secondly, a DDoS traffic detection method based on the integration of LSTM and CNN is proposed, which extracts and analyzes the temporal correlation of traffic data by calculating the statistical characteristics of traffic data within a time period, to achieve real-time detection of traffic feature data. Again, combined with the concept of SDN, real-time defense against DDoS based on ODL-API is implemented, and precise matching of DDoS detection results with network entity information is achieved, realizing the technology of real-time and precise issuance of multiple flow rules, effectively blocking DDoS malicious attack traffic, protecting important entities in the topology, and maintaining stable traffic in the topology. This paper focuses on solving the detection problem of DDoS traffic data increments and uneven data distribution through the FLAD algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the accuracy of DDoS attack detection by more than 4% and the F1 Score by more than 7% compared to the FedAvg aggregation algorithm. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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MassNE: Exploring Higher-Order Interactions with Marginal Effect for Massive Battle Outcome Prediction 23

MassNE: Exploring Higher-Order Interactions with Marginal Ef...

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2023 World Wide Web Conference, WWW 2023

作者： Gu, Yin Zhang, Kai Liu, Qi Lin, Xin Huang, Zhenya Chen, Enhong Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application University of Science and Technology of China State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Intelligence Hefei China Institute of Artificial Intelligence Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450394161

In online games, predicting massive battle outcomes is a fundamental task of many applications, such as team optimization and tactical formulation. Existing works do not pay adequate attention to the massive battle. They either seek to evaluate individuals in isolation or mine simple pair-wise interactions between individuals, neither of which effectively captures the intricate interactions between massive units (e.g., individuals). Furthermore, as the team size increases, the phenomenon of diminishing marginal utility of units emerges. Such a diminishing pattern is rarely noticed in previous work, and how to capture it from data remains a challenge. To this end, we propose a novel Massive battle outcome predictor with margiNal Effect modules, namely MassNE, which comprehensively incorporates individual effects, cooperation effects (i.e., intra-team interactions) and suppression effects (i.e., inter-team interactions) for predicting battle outcomes. Specifically, we design marginal effect modules to learn how units' marginal utility changing respect to their number, where the monotonicity assumption is applied to ensure rationality. In addition, we evaluate the current classical models and provide mathematical proofs that MassNE is able to generalize several earlier works in massive settings. Massive battle datasets generated by StarCraft II APIs are adopted to evaluate the performances of MassNE. Extensive experiments empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of MassNE, and MassNE can reveal reasonable cooperation effects, suppression effects, and marginal utilities of combat units from the data. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Forecasting

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Heterogeneous-attributes enhancement deep framework for network embedding

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2021年第6期15卷 121-131页

作者： Lisheng QIAO Fan ZHANG Xiaohui HUANG Kai LI Enhong CHEN Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230022China National Key Laboratory of Blind Signal Processing Chengdu 610041China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230022China

Network embedding,which targets at learning the vector representation of vertices,has become a crucial issue in network ***,considering the complex structures and heterogeneous attributes in real-world networks,existing methods may fail to handle the inconsistencies between the structure topology and attribute ***,more comprehensive techniques are urgently required to capture the highly non-linear network structure and solve the existing inconsistencies with retaining more *** that end,in this paper,we propose a heterogeneous-attributes enhancement deep framework(HEDF),which could better capture the non-linear structure and associated information in a deep learningway,and effectively combine the structure information of multi-views by the combining *** this line,the inconsistencies will be handled to some extent and more structure information will be preserved through a semi-supervised *** extensive validations on several real-world datasets show that our model could outperform the baselines,especially for the sparse and inconsistent situation with less training data.

关键词： network embedding heterogeneous-attributes deep framework inconsistent

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Adaptive Weighting Push-SUM for Decentralized Optimization with Statistical Diversity

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IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems 2025年

作者： Zhou, Yiming Cheng, Yifei Xu, Linli Chen, Enhong Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Application Hefei China

Statistical diversity is a property of data distribution and can hinder the optimization of a decentralized network. However, the theoretical limitations of the Push-SUM protocol reduce the performance in handling the statistical diversity of optimization algorithms based on it. In this paper, we theoretically and empirically reduce the negative impact of statistical diversity on decentralized optimization using the Push-SUM protocol. Specifically, we propose the Adaptive Weighting Push-SUM protocol, a theoretical generalization of the original Push-SUM protocol where the latter is a special case of the former. Our theoretical analysis shows that, with sufficient communication, the upper bound on the consensus distance for the new protocol reduces to O(1N), whereas it remains at O(1) for the Push-SUM protocol. We adopt SGD and Momentum SGD on the new protocol and prove that the convergence rate of these two algorithms to statistical diversity is O(NT) on the new protocol, while it is O(NdT) on the Push-SUM protocol, where d is the parameter size of the training model. To address statistical diversity in practical applications of the new protocol, we develop the Moreau weighting method for its generalized weight matrix definition. This method, derived from the Moreau envelope, is an approximate optimization of the distance penalty of the Moreau envelope. We verify that the Adaptive Weighting Push-SUM protocol is practically more efficient than the Push-SUM protocol via deep learning experiments. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： data communication systems

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E2E-MFERC:AMulti-Face Expression Recognition Model for Group Emotion Assessment

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1105-1135页

作者： Lin Wang Juan Zhao Hu Song Xiaolong Xu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Security&Intelligent Processing Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210042China School of Network Security Jinling Institute of TechnologyNanjing211169China State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Company Limited Nanjing210000China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210042China

In smart classrooms, conducting multi-face expression recognition based on existing hardware devices to assessstudents’ group emotions can provide educators with more comprehensive and intuitive classroom effect analysis,thereby continuouslypromotingthe improvementof teaching ***,most existingmulti-face expressionrecognition methods adopt a multi-stage approach, with an overall complex process, poor real-time performance,and insufficient generalization ability. In addition, the existing facial expression datasets are mostly single faceimages, which are of low quality and lack specificity, also restricting the development of this research. This paperaims to propose an end-to-end high-performance multi-face expression recognition algorithm model suitable forsmart classrooms, construct a high-quality multi-face expression dataset to support algorithm research, and applythe model to group emotion assessment to expand its application value. To this end, we propose an end-to-endmulti-face expression recognition algorithm model for smart classrooms (E2E-MFERC). In order to provide highqualityand highly targeted data support for model research, we constructed a multi-face expression dataset inreal classrooms (MFED), containing 2,385 images and a total of 18,712 expression labels, collected from smartclassrooms. In constructing E2E-MFERC, by introducing Re-parameterization visual geometry group (RepVGG)block and symmetric positive definite convolution (SPD-Conv) modules to enhance representational capability;combined with the cross stage partial network fusion module optimized by attention mechanism (C2f_Attention),it strengthens the ability to extract key information;adopts asymptotic feature pyramid network (AFPN) featurefusion tailored to classroomscenes and optimizes the head prediction output size;achieves high-performance endto-end multi-face expression detection. Finally, we apply the model to smart classroom group emotion assessmentand provide design refe

关键词： Multi-face expression recognition smart classroom end-to-end detection group emotion assessment

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Mining Bytecode Features of Smart Contracts to Detect PonziScheme on Blockchain

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第6期127卷 1069-1085页

作者： Xiajiong Shen Shuaimin Jiang Lei Zhang Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Henan UniversityKaifeng47500China Institute of Data and Knowledge Engineering Henan UniversityKaifeng47500China School of Computer and Information Engineering Henan UniversityKaifeng47500China

The emergence of smart contracts has increased the attention of industry and academia to blockchain technology,which is tamper-proofing,decentralized,autonomous,and enables decentralized applications to operate in untrustworthy ***,these features of this technology are also easily exploited by unscrupulous individuals,a typical example of which is the Ponzi scheme in *** negative effect of unscrupulous individuals writing Ponzi scheme-type smart contracts in Ethereum and then using these contracts to scam large amounts of money has been *** solve this problem,we propose a detection model for detecting Ponzi schemes in smart contracts using *** this model,our innovation is shown in two aspects:We first propose to use two bytes as one characteristic,which can quickly transform the bytecode into a high-dimensional matrix,and this matrix contains all the implied characteristics in the ***,We innovatively transformed the Ponzi schemes detection into an anomaly detection ***,an anomaly detection algorithm is used to identify Ponzi schemes in smart *** results show that the proposed detection model can greatly improve the accuracy of the detection of the Ponzi scheme ***,the F1-score of this model can reach 0.88,which is far better than those of other traditional detection models.

关键词： Ponzi scheme blockchain security smart contracts anomaly detection

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Enhancing RFID based human activity recognition through spatiotemporal feature construction 6

Enhancing RFID based human activity recognition through spat...

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6th International Conference on Intelligent Control, Measurement and Signal processing, ICMSP 2024

作者： Zhao, Kun Lei, Junwen Chen, Yihong Huang, Lingbo China West Normal University Internet of Things Perception and Big Data Analysis Key Laboratory of Nanchong City Nanchong China Ganzi Meteorological Office Daocheng County Meteorological Bureau Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Garzê China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516550

This article proposes a new method that significantly improves the accuracy of action recognition based on RFID systems by introducing advanced spatiotemporal features and utilizing spatiotemporal graph convolutional networks (ST-GCN). Traditional RFID motion recognition models often struggle to capture the subtle spatial and temporal relationships between joint movements, resulting in limited recognition accuracy in complex activity scenarios. To overcome this issue, we propose a new feature construction method that utilizes new signal features derived from RFID signal data (including RSSI, Doppler frequency, and phase), such as velocity, acceleration, phase change rate, and RSSI change rate. These features can finely capture the dynamic changes in time and space, thereby improving the performance of the model in distinguishing complex actions. The experimental results show that the ST-GCN model trained on enhanced feature sets significantly improves the accuracy of action recognition tasks, verifying the effectiveness of our method. In addition, feature construction methods have played a key role in improving the identification ability of RFID signal data, especially in distinguishing similar actions in complex environments, demonstrating their broad potential for application in behavior analysis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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