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arXiv 2025年

作者： Li, Haoyuan Zhou, Yanpeng Tang, Tao Song, Jifei Zeng, Yihan Kampffmeyer, Michael Xu, Hang Liang, Xiaodan Shenzhen campus of Sun Yat-sen University China Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab Canada UiT The Arctic University of Norway Norway Peng Cheng Laboratory China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing China

Recent advancements in multi-modal 3D pre-training methods have shown promising efficacy in learning joint representations of text, images, and point clouds. However, adopting point clouds as 3D representation fails to fully capture the intricacies of the 3D world and exhibits a noticeable gap between the discrete points and the dense 2D pixels of images. To tackle this issue, we propose UniGS, integrating 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) into multi-modal pre-training to enhance the 3D representation. We first rely on the 3DGS representation to model the 3D world as a collection of 3D Gaussians with color and opacity, incorporating all the information of the 3D scene while establishing a strong connection with 2D images. Then, to achieve Language-Image-3D pertaining, UniGS starts with a pre-trained vision-language model to establish a shared visual and textual space through extensive real-world image-text pairs. Subsequently, UniGS employs a 3D encoder to align the optimized 3DGS with the Language-Image representations to learn unified multi-modal representations. To facilitate the extraction of global explicit 3D features by the 3D encoder and achieve better cross-modal alignment, we additionally introduce a novel Gaussian-Aware Guidance module that guides the learning of fine-grained representations of the 3D domain. Through extensive experiments across the Objaverse, ABO, MVImgNet and SUN RGBD datasets with zero-shot classification, text-driven retrieval and open-world understanding tasks, we demonstrate the effectiveness of UniGS in learning a more general and stronger aligned multi-modal representation. Specifically, UniGS achieves leading results across different 3D tasks with remarkable improvements over previous SOTA, Uni3D, including on zero-shot classification (+9.36%), text-driven retrieval (+4.3%) and open-world understanding (+7.92%). © 2025, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Visual languages

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AMHF-TP:Multifunctional therapeutic peptides prediction based on multi-granularity hierarchical features

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Quantitative Biology 2025年第1期13卷 127-141页

作者： Shouheng Tuo YanLing Zhu Jiangkun Lin Jiewei Jiang School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’anChina Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Xi’anChina Xi’an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Xi’anChina School of Electronic Engineering Xi’an University of Posts and TelecommunicationsXi’anChina

Multifunctional therapeutic peptides(MFTP)hold immense potential in diverse therapeutic contexts,yet their prediction and identification remain challenging due to the limitations of traditional methodologies,such as extensive training durations,limited sample sizes,and inadequate generalization *** address these issues,we present AMHF-TP,an advanced method for MFTP recognition that utilizes attention mechanisms and multi-granularity hierarchical features to enhance *** AMHF-TP is composed of four key components:a migration learning module that leverages pretrained models to extract atomic compositional features of MFTP sequences;a convolutional neural network and selfattention module that refine feature extraction from amino acid sequences and their secondary structures;a hypergraph module that constructs a hypergraph for complex similarity representation between MFTP sequences;and a hierarchical feature extraction module that integrates multimodal peptide sequence *** with leading methods,the proposed AMHF-TP demonstrates superior precision,accuracy,and coverage,underscoring its effectiveness and robustness in MFTP *** comparative analysis of separate hierarchical models and the combined model,as well as with five contemporary models,reveals AMHFTP’s exceptional performance and stability in recognition tasks.

关键词： deep learning hypergraph multifunctional therapeutic peptides multi-granularity hierarchical features

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Efficient Variants of Wasserstein Distance in Hyperbolic Space via Space-Filling Curve Projection

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IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Li, Tao Meng, Cheng Xu, Hongteng Zhu, Jun Renmin University of China Institute of Statistics and Big Data Beijing100872 China Renmin University of China Center for Applied Statistics Institute of Statistics and Big Data Beijing100872 China Renmin University of China Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence Beijing100872 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Beijing100872 China

Hyperbolic spaces have been considered pervasively for embedding hierarchically structured data in the recent decade. However, there is a lack of studies focusing on efficient distance metrics for comparing probability distributions in hyperbolic spaces. To bridge the gap, we propose a novel metric called the hyperbolic space-filling curve projection Wasserstein (SFW) distance. The idea is to first project two probability distributions onto a space-filling curve to obtain a closed-form coupling between them and then calculate the transport distance between these two distributions in the hyperbolic space accordingly. Theoretically, we show the SFW distance is a proper metric and is well-defined for probability measures with bounded supports. Statistical convergence rates for the proposed estimator are provided as well. Moreover, we propose two variants of the SFW distance based on geodesic and horospherical projections, respectively, to combat the curse-of-dimensionality. Empirical results on synthetic and real-world data indicate that the SFW distance can effectively serve as a surrogate of the popular Wasserstein distance with low complexity. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Hilbert spaces

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Five-user quantum virtual local area network with an AlGaAs entangled photon source

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2025年第3期68卷 61-73页

作者： Cheng Qian Hongkai Tian Xu Jing Yichen Liu Zhe Chen Huiran Luo Yuan Du Xiaodong Zheng Tangsheng Chen Yuechan Kong Hua-Lei Yin Dong Jiang Bin Niu Liangliang Lu Key Laboratory of State Manipulation and Advanced Materials in Provincial Universities School of Physical Science and TechnologyNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing210023China School of Internet Anhui UniversityHefei230039China National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits Nanjing Chip Valley Industrial Technology InstituteNanjing Electronic Devices InstituteNanjing210016China Research Center for Quantum Optics and Quantum Communication School of ScienceQingdao University of TechnologyQingdao266520China Department of Physics and Beijing Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Functional Materials and Micro-nano Devices Key Laboratory of Quantum State Construction and Manipulation(Ministry of Education)Renmin University of ChinaBeijing100872China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing100193China National Engineering Research Center of Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis and Application Anhui UniversityHefei230601China National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and School of Physics Nanjing UniversityNanjing210093China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei230088China

The promotion of quantum network applications demands the scalable connection of quantum *** is preferable to set up multiple logical networks coexisting on a single physical network infrastructure to accommodate a larger number of *** we present a quantum virtual network architecture that offers this level of scalability,without being constrained to a fixed physical-layer network relying solely on passive multiplexing *** architecture can be understood as arising from the superposition of a fully connected entanglement distribution network and port-based virtual local area network,which group multiusers by access *** terms of hardware,we leverage a semiconductor chip with a high figure-of-merit modal overlap to directly generate high-quality polarization entanglement,and a streamlined polarization analysis module,which requires only one single-photon detector for each end *** experimentally perform the BBM92 QKD protocol on the five-user quantum virtual network and demonstrate voice and image encryption on a campus area *** results may provide insights into the realization of large-scale quantum networks with integrated and cost-efficient photonic architecture.

关键词： quantum network quantum entanglement distribution integrated photonics image and voice encryption

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PyionNet: Pyramid Progressive Cross-Fusion Network for Joint Classification of Hyperspectral and LiDAR data

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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing 2025年 18卷 12042-12058页

作者： Pan, Haizhu Zhang, Quanxiu Ge, Haimiao Liu, Moqi Shi, Cuiping Qiqihar University College of Computer and Control Engineering Qiqihar161000 China Qiqihar University Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Big Data Network Security Detection and Analysis Qiqihar161000 China Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Information and Communications Engineering Shanxi Xi'an710049 China Huzhou University College of Information Engineering Huzhou313000 China

Joint hyperspectral (HS) and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data for land cover classification have received widespread attention. Nevertheless, existing methods often struggle with multi-scale feature extraction and multi-source feature fusion. To address these issues, this paper proposes a pyramid progressive cross-fusion network, named PyionNet, for joint classification of HS and LiDAR data. Technically, the proposed PyionNet incorporates a pyramid multi-scale extraction (PME) module cascaded with a progressive cross-fusion (PCF) module, which are designed to extract multi-scale features and fuse multi-source features, respectively. Specifically, the PME module employs pyramid spectral and spatial convolutional blocks to extract and aggregate features from HS and LiDAR data, respectively, then uses an expansion-compression strategy to eliminate redundant information, and thus achieve a compact multi-scale feature representation. Moreover, the PCF module utilizes the transformer architecture and introduces two innovative feature fusion blocks, i.e., the discrepancy feature fusion (DFF) block and the common feature fusion (CFF) block, to progressively integrate multi-source and multi-scale features extracted by the PME module. The DFF block is designed to integrate discrepancy features between HS and LiDAR data to enhance complementary information. Subsequently, the CFF block focuses on fusing common features to progressively enrich the fused representation of the DFF block and further enhance the representation power. Experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed PyionNet outperforms state-of-the-art methods in both qualitative and quantitative results. © 2008-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Feature Selection

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Forecasting of exchange rate time series based on event-aware transformer mode

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Soft Computing 2025年第6期29卷 3035-3045页

作者： Zhang, Siyi Che, Tong Zhu, Zhiliang Luo, Guoli Feng, Ping Virtual Reality and Interactive Techniques Institute East China Jiaotong University Nanchang330013 China Department of Engineering Mathematics University of Bristol Northern Ireland BristolBS8 1TH United Kingdom Guizhou Key Laboratory of Big Data Statistical Analysis Guizhou University of Finance and Economics Guiyang550025 China

Accurately forecasting exchange rate time series is crucial for effective risk management. The longer the forecast time window and the higher the frequency, the more valuable it is for managers to make timely decisions. In light of the task characteristics of exchange rate forecasting, this paper proposes an improved transformer-based model for addressing long sequence time series forecasting problems. Specifically, we introduce a position embedding method for events, which integrates the traditional coding context vector to perform joint location representation learning. Additionally, we explore a periodic enhancement method of features to jointly enhance the transformer-like model architecture’s ability to adaptively learn the long-term and hidden correlations of long sequence time series data. Extensive experimental results on the prediction of four exchange rate data for pairs of opening, high, low, and closing prices at a frequency of 5 min show that our model outperforms the prediction of the baseline method. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Risk management

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Large Language Diffusion Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Nie, Shen Zhu, Fengqi You, Zebin Zhang, Xiaolu Ou, Jingyang Hu, Jun Zhou, Jun Lin, Yankai Wen, Ji-Rong Li, Chongxuan Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence Renmin University of China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Methods China Ant Group China

Autoregressive models (ARMs) are widely regarded as the cornerstone of large language models (LLMs). We challenge this notion by introducing LLaDA, a diffusion model trained from scratch under the pre-training and supervised fine-tuning (SFT) paradigm. LLaDA models distributions through a forward data masking process and a reverse process, parameterized by a vanilla Transformer to predict masked tokens. By optimizing a likelihood bound, it provides a principled generative approach for probabilistic inference. Across extensive benchmarks, LLaDA demonstrates strong scalability, outperforming our self-constructed ARM baselines. Remarkably, LLaDA 8B is competitive with strong LLMs like LLaMA3 8B in in-context learning and, after SFT, exhibits impressive instruction-following abilities in case studies such as multi-turn dialogue. Moreover, LLaDA addresses the reversal curse, surpassing GPT-4o in a reversal poem completion task. Our findings establish diffusion models as a viable and promising alternative to ARMs, challenging the assumption that key LLM capabilities discussed above are inherently tied to ARMs. Project page and codes: https://***/LLaDA-demo/. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Effective and Efficient Masked Image Generation Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： You, Zebin Ou, Jingyang Zhang, Xiaolu Hu, Jun Zhou, Jun Li, Chongxuan Gaoling School of AI Renmin University of China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Methods Beijing China Ant Group China

Although masked image generation models and masked diffusion models are designed with different motivations and objectives, we observe that they can be unified within a single framework. Building upon this insight, we carefully explore the design space of training and sampling, identifying key factors that contribute to both performance and efficiency. Based on the improvements observed during this exploration, we develop our model, referred to as eMIGM. Empirically, eMIGM demonstrates strong performance on ImageNet generation, as measured by Fréchet Inception Distance (FID). In particular, on ImageNet 256×256, with similar number of function evaluations (NFEs) and model parameters, eMIGM outperforms the seminal VAR. Moreover, as NFE and model parameters increase, eMIGM achieves performance comparable to the state-of-the-art continuous diffusion models while requiring less than 40% of the NFE. Additionally, on ImageNet 512 × 512, with only about 60% of the NFE, eMIGM outperforms the state-of-the-art continuous diffusion models. © 2025, CC BY.

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Solidification modes and delta-ferrite of two types of 316L stainless steels:a combination of as-cast microstructure and HT-CLSM research

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第2期32卷 426-436页

作者： Yang Wang Chao Chen Xiao-yu Yang Zheng-rui Zhang Jian Wang Zhou Li Lei Chen Wang-zhong Mu College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024ShanxiChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm 10044Sweden College of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for Medical Sciences Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan 250117ShandongChina College of Mechanical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024ShanxiChina Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819LiaoningChina

In 316L austenitic stainless steel,the presence of ferrite phase severely affects the non-magnetic properties.316L austenitic stainless steel with low-alloy type(L-316L)and high-alloy type(H-316L)has been *** microstructure and solidification kinetics of the two as-cast grades were in situ observed by high temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy(HT-CLSM).There are significant differences in the as-cast microstructures of the two 316L stainless steel *** L-316L steel,ferrite morphology appears as the short rods with a ferrite content of 6.98%,forming a dual-phase microstructure consisting of austenite and ***,in H-316L steel,the ferrite appears as discontinuous network structures with a content of 4.41%,forming a microstructure composed of austenite and sigma(σ)*** alloying elements in H-316L steel exhibit a complex distribution,with Ni and Mo enriching at the austenite grain ***-CLSM experiments provide the real-time observation of the solidification processes of both 316L specimens and reveal distinct solidification modes:L-316L steel solidifies in an FA mode,whereas H-316L steel solidifies in an AF *** differences result in ferrite and austenite predominantly serving as the nucleation and growth phases,*** solidification mode observed by experiments is similar to the thermodynamic calculation *** L-316L steel solidified in the FA mode and showed minimal element segregation,which lead to a direct transformation of ferrite to austenite phase(δ→γ)during phase transformation after ***,the H-316L steel solidified in the AF mode and showed severe element segregation,which lead to Mo enrichment at grain boundaries and transformation of ferrite into sigma and austenite phases through the eutectoid reaction(δ→σ+γ).

关键词： 316L austenitic stainless steel As-cast microstructure High-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy Solidification mode Ferrite Characterization

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MASS FLOW DETECTION TECHNOLOGY FOR SEED AND FERTILISER PARTICLES AND ITS APPLICATION IN UAV-BASED SPREADING

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INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering 2025年第1期75卷 584-599页

作者： Wang, Yanshuang Song, Cancan Gao, Yongqi Lan, Yubin Wang, Guobin Ming, Rui College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science Shandong University of Technology Zibo China Shandong University of Technology Sub-center of National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agricultural Aviation Pesticide Spraying Technology Zibo China Research of Institute of Ecological Unmanned Farm Shandong University of Technology Zibo China School of Computer and Big Data Minjiang University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control Fuzhou China

The processes of sowing and fertiliser application represent a significant aspect of agricultural production. In order to achieve efficient and precise seeding and fertiliser application, mass flow detection of seed and fertiliser particles can facilitate real-time monitoring and precise decision-making for intelligent seeding and fertiliser application. However, the diversity of seed and fertiliser particle types and particle flow modes presents a challenge for existing detection methods, particularly in meeting the varying operational requirements, especially for particle mass flow detection in low-altitude and high-speed sowing operations of agricultural drones. In such cases, the overlap and flow rate will have a significant impact on the detection results due to the large displacement and the continuous high-throughput dense phase of the particle flow. This paper provides a summary of the existing seed and fertiliser particle mass flow detection techniques and their underlying working principles. It compares the direct detection based on mass with the indirect detection methods based on velocity and concentration, and analyses their respective advantages, disadvantages and applicability. It also explores the possibility of optimising the existing detection methods for the specific needs of agricultural UAVs and considers the potential introduction of cutting-edge science and technology in order to develop an efficient, accurate and convenient detection system to meet the growing market demand. © (2025), (INMA Bucharest). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Precision agriculture

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