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An inversion model based on GEOS-Chem for estimating global and China's terrestrial carbon fluxes in 2019

Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第1期14卷 49-61页

作者： Chong-Yuan WU Xiao-Ye ZHANG Li-Feng GUO Jun-Ting ZHONG De-Ying WANG Chang-Hong MIAO Xiang GAO Xi-Liang ZHANG Monitoring and Assessment Center for GHGs and Carbon&Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry of China Meteorological Administration Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Zhejiang Institute of Meteorological Science Zhejiang Meteorological BureauHangzhou 310017China Laboratory of Climate Change Mitigation and Carbon Neutrality Henan UniversityZhengzhou 450001China State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization State Environmental Protection Center for Coal-Fired Air Pollution ControlZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of Energy Environment and EconomyTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

The 2019 Refinement to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories added the method of assimilating atmospheric CO_(2) concentrations to invert carbon sources and sinks;however,many global carbon inversion models are not publicly *** addition,our regional assimilation inversion system,CCMVS-R(China Carbon monitoring,Verification and Supporting for Regional),needs a global carbon inversion model with higher assimilation efficiency to provide boundary ***,an inversion model based on the global atmospheric chemistry model GEOS-Chem and a more accurate and easier-to-implement ensemble square root Kalman filter(EnSRF)algorithm is constructed and used to infer global and China's carbon fluxes in *** CO_(2) concentrations from ObsPack sites and five additional CO_(2) observational sites from China's Greenhouse Gas Observation Network(CGHGNET)were used for data assimilation to improve the *** inverted annual global terrestrial and oceanic carbon uptake is 2.12 and 2.53 Pg C per year,respectively,accounting for 21.1%and 25.1%of global fossil fuel CO_(2) *** remaining 5.41 Pg C per year in the atmosphere is consistent with the global atmospheric CO_(2) growth rates of 5.44 Pg C per year reported by the National Oceanic and atmospheric Administration(NOAA),showing that the inversion model can provide a reasonable estimate of global-scale natural carbon *** inverted terrestrial carbon sink of China is 0.37 Pg C per year,accounting for approximately 13%of China's fossil CO_(2) emissions.

关键词： CO_(2) Data assimilation EnSRF GEOS-Chem Terrestrial carbon fluxes

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MOF-derived Co-MOF,O-doped carbon as trifunctional electrocatalysts to enable highly efficient Zn-air batteries and water-splitting

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第5期30卷 290-298页

作者： Xinde Duan Na Pan Can Sun Kexin Zhang Xukun Zhu Mingdao Zhang Li Song Hegen Zheng School of Environmental Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyJiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution ControlCollaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologyNanjing 210044JiangsuChina State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringCollaborative Innovation Center of Advanced MicrostructuresNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023JiangsuChina

Development of high-efficiency non-noble electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR),oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)is urgently needed for high-performance Zn-air batteries and overall water ***,a facile strategy to synthesize novel Co-MOF,O-doped carbon(Co-MOF-T)based on Zn,Co-doped glucosamine and ZIF-8 by pyrolysis at temperature T was *** prepared Co-MOF-800 showed a superior oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity comparable to that of commercial Pt/C *** addition,this catalyst shows great potential in the overall water splitting due to the excellent oxygen evolution reaction(OER)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)*** on the trifunctional activity,the primary Zn-air batteries using a Co-MOF-800 air electrode achieved a high open-circuit voltage of 1.38 V,a specific capacity of 671.6 mAh g^(-1) Zn,and a prominent peak power density of 144 mW cm^(-2).Also,the rechargeable Zn-air batteries based on CoMOF-800 air electrode could be smoothly run for 510 cycles with a low voltage gap of 0.58 ***,the trifunctional Co-MOF-800 catalyst was applied to boost the electrochemical water splitting,demonstrating its promising potential as a green energy material for practical applications.

关键词： Metal-organic frameworks Carbon catalysts Trifunctional electrocatalyst Metal-air batteries Water splitting

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中国实现碳中和路径下气溶胶减少造成的气候影响

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Science Bulletin 2023年第9期68卷 902-905,M0004页

作者：杨洋曾靓莹王海龙王品雅廖宏 Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution ControlJiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment TechnologySchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringNanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China Atmospheric Sciences and Global Change Division Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryRichland WA 99352USA

中国提出2030年碳达峰与2060年碳中和目标.在达到碳中和的路径下,得益于清洁空气政策气溶胶排放都将显著降低,这可能会对未来气候产生重要影响.本文利用气候模型结合中国本地化的未来排放情景,发现在达到2060年碳中和的过程中气溶胶减... 详细信息

中国提出2030年碳达峰与2060年碳中和目标.在达到碳中和的路径下,得益于清洁空气政策气溶胶排放都将显著降低,这可能会对未来气候产生重要影响.本文利用气候模型结合中国本地化的未来排放情景,发现在达到2060年碳中和的过程中气溶胶减少将在东亚造成0.63 Wm^(-2)的有效辐射强迫以及0.2K的地表增温.最大增温出现在中国东部,为0.5K.同时,华南地区降水将增加(>0.3 mm d^(-1)).尽管碳中和背景下温室气体的减少将有利于缓解气候变化,但是未来清洁空气行动致使气溶胶排放的减少将部分抵消二氧化碳减排带来的气候制冷效应.该研究进一步发现虽然黑碳气溶胶只占中国气溶胶的很少一部分,但降低黑碳排放可能同时有益于空气质量改善并缓解气候变化,达到减污降碳协同增效.

关键词：碳中和二氧化碳减排未来气候气溶胶气候模型温室气体气候变化协同增效

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Government environmental control measures on CO_(2) emission during the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing:Perspectives from a top-down approach

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第3期34卷 165-178页

作者： Cheng Hu Cheng Liu Ning Hu Jun Hong Xinyue Ai College of Biology and the Environment Joint Center for sustainable Forestry in Southern ChinaNanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment International Joint Laboratory on Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)Nanjing University of InformationScience&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of the Causes and Control of Atmospheric Pollution/School of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China National Key Laboratory on Electromagnetic Environmental Effects and Electro-Optical Engineering Army Engineering UniversityNanjing 210022China

Strict air pollution control measures were conducted during the Youth Olympic Games(YOG)period at Nanjing city and surrounding areas in August *** event provides a unique chance to evaluate the effect of government control measures on regional atmospheric pollution and greenhouse gas *** previous studies have observed significant reductions of atmospheric pollution species and improvement in air quality,while no study has quantified its synergism on anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions,which can be coreduced with air *** better understand to what extent these pollution control measures have reduced anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions,we conducted atmospheric CO_(2)measurements at the suburban site in Nanjing city from 1^(st) July to 30^(th) September 2014 and 1^(st) August to 31^(st) August 2015,obvious decrease in atmospheric CO_(2)was observed between YOG and the rest *** coupling the a prioriemission inventory with atmospheric transport model,we applied the scale factor Bayesian inversion approach to derive the posteriori CO_(2)emissions in YOG period and regular *** indicate CO_(2)emissions from power industry decreased by 45%,and other categories also decreased by 16%for manufacturing combusting,and 37%for non-metallic mineral *** total anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions were 9.8(±3.6)×10^(9) kg/month CO_(2) for regular period and decreased to 6.2(±1.9)×10^(9) kg/month during the YOG period in Nanjing city,with a 36.7%*** scaling up to whole Jiangsu Province,anthropogenic CO_(2)emissions were 7.1(±2.4)×10^(10) kg/month CO_(2)for regular period and decreased to 4.4(±1.2)×10^(10)kg/month CO_(2) during the YOG period,yielding a 38.0%reduction.

关键词： Carbon dioxide Reduction measures Anthropogenic emissions Bayesian inversion

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On using an aerosol thermodynamic model to calculate aerosol acidity of coarse particles

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2025年第2期148卷 46-56页

作者： Zhengyang Fang Shuwei Dong Chengpeng Huang Shiguo Jia Fu Wang Haoming Liu He Meng Lan Luo Yizhu Chen Huanhuan Zhang Rui Li Yujiao Zhu Mingjin Tang State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Resources UtilizationGuangzhou Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510640China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Longhua Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shenzhen Shenzhen 518109China School of Atmospheric Sciences and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Qingdao Eco-environment Monitoring Center of Shandong Province Qingdao 266003China Environment Research Institute Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

Thermodynamic modeling is still themostwidely usedmethod to characterize aerosol acidity,a critical physicochemical property of atmospheric ***,it remains unclear whether gas-aerosol partitioning should be incorporated when thermodynamicmodels are employed to estimate the acidity of coarse *** this work,field measurements were conducted at a coastal city in northern China across three seasons,and covered wide ranges of temperature,relative humidity and NH_(3) *** examined the performance of different modes of ISORROPIA-II(a widely used aerosol thermodynamic model)in estimating aerosol acidity of coarse and fine *** M0 mode,which incorporates gas-phase data and runs the model in the forward mode,provided reasonable estimation of aerosol acidity for coarse and fine *** to M0,the M1 mode,which runs the model in the forward mode but does not include gas-phase data,may capture the general trend of aerosol acidity but underestimates pH for both coarse and fine particles;M2,which runs the model in the reverse mode,results in large errors in estimated aerosol pH for both coarse and fine particles and should not be used for aerosol acidity ***,M1 significantly underestimates liquid water contents for both fine and coarse particles,while M2 provides reliable estimation of liquid water *** summary,our work highlights the importance of incorporating gas-aerosol partitioning when estimating coarse particle acidity,and thus may help improve our understanding of acidity of coarse particles.

关键词： Aerosol acidity Coarse particles Thermodynamic model Aerosol liquid water ISORROPIA-II Gas-aerosol partitioning

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The missing base molecules in atmospheric acid-base nucleation

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National Science Review 2022年第10期9卷 196-208页

作者： Runlong Cai Rujing Yin Chao Yan Dongsen Yang Chenjuan Deng Lubna Dada Juha Kangasluoma Jenni Kontkanen Roope Halonen Yan Ma Xiuhui Zhang Pauli Paasonen Tuukka Pet?j? Veli-Matti Kerminen Yongchun Liu Federico Bianchi Jun Zheng Lin Wang Jiming Hao James N.Smith Neil M. Donahue Markku Kulmala Douglas R.Worsnop Jingkun Jiang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Tsinghua University Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics Faculty of Science University of Helsinki Aerosol and Haze Laboratory Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing University of Chemical Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute Center for Joint Quantum Studies and Department of Physics School of Science Tianjin University Key Laboratory of Cluster Science Ministry of Education of China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Fudan University Chemistry Department University of California Center for Atmospheric Particle Studies Carnegie Mellon University Department of Chemistry Carnegie Mellon University Aerodyne Research Inc.

Transformation of low-volatility gaseous precursors to new particles affects aerosol number concentration,cloud formation and hence the *** clustering of acid and base molecules is a major mechanism driving fast nucleation and initial growth of new particles in the ***,the acid-base cluster composition,measured using state-of-the-art mass spectrometers,cannot explain the measured high formation rate of new *** we present strong evidence for the existence of base molecules such as amines in the smallest atmospheric sulfuric acid clusters prior to their detection by mass *** demonstrate that forming（H2SO4）1（amine）1is the rate-limiting step in atmospheric H2SO4-amine nucleation and the uptake of（H2SO4）1（amine）1is a major pathway for the initial growth of *** proposed mechanism is very consistent with measured new particle formation in urban Beijing,in which dimethylamine is the key base for H2SO4nucleation while other bases such as ammonia may contribute to the growth of larger *** findings further underline the fact that strong amines,even at low concentrations and when undetected in the smallest clusters,can be crucial to particle formation in the planetary boundary layer.

关键词： new particle formation acid-base nucleation aerosol polluted urban environment

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δ^(15)N-stable isotope analysis of NH_(x): An overview on analytical measurements, source sampling and its source apportionment

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第6期15卷 175-185页

作者： Noshan Bhattarai Shuxiao Wang Yuepeng Pan Qingcheng Xu Yanlin Zhang Yunhua Chang Yunting Fang State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management Institute of Applied EcologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China

Agricultural sources and non-agricultural emissions contribute to gaseous ammonia(NH_(3))that plays a vital role in severe haze *** and quantitative contributions of these sources to ambient PM_(2.5)(particulate matter with an aerodynamic equivalent diameter below 2.5µm)concentrations remains *** nitrogen isotopic composition(δ^(15)N)of NH_(3)and NH_(4)+(δ^(15)N(NH_(3))andδ^(15)N(NH_(4)+),respectively)can yield valuable information about its sources and associated *** review provides an overview of the recent progress in analytical techniques forδ^(15)N(NH_(3))andδ^(15)N(NH_(4)+)measurement,sampling of atmospheric NH_(3)and NH_(4)+in the ambient air and their sources signature(e.g.,agricultural *** fuel),and isotope-based source apportionment of NH_(3)in urban *** study highlights that collecting sample that are fully representative of emission sources remains a challenge in fingerprintingδ^(15)N(NH_(3))values of NH_(3)emission ***,isotopic fractionation during NH_(3)gas-to-particle conversion under varying ambient field conditions(e.g.,relative humidity,particle pH,temperature)remains unclear,which indicates more field and laboratory studies to validate theoretically predicted isotopic fractionation are ***,this study concludes that lack of refinedδ^(15)N(NH_(3))fingerprints and full understanding of isotopic fractionation during aerosol formation in a laboratory and field conditions is a limitation for isotope-based source apportionment of NH_(3).More experimental work(in chamber studies)and theoretical estimations in combinations of field verification are necessary in characterizing isotopic fractionation under various environmental and atmospheric neutralization conditions,which would help to better interpret isotopic data and our understanding on NH_(x)(NH_(3)+NH_(4)+)dynamics in the atmosphere.

关键词： Aerosol ammonium atmospheric gaseous ammonia Isotope fingerprinting Isotope-based source apportionment Ammonia gas-to-particle conversion

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Elucidate long-term changes of ozone in Shanghai based on an integrated machine learning method

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2023年第11期17卷 223-238页

作者： Jin Xue Fangting Wang Kun Zhang Hehe Zhai Dan Jin Yusen Duan Elly Yaluk Yangjun Wang Ling Huang Yuewu Li Thomas Lei Qingyan Fu Joshua S.Fu Li Li School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering(MOE) Shanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center Shanghai 200235China Institute of Science and Environment University of Saint JosephMacao 999078China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

Surface ozone(O_(3))is influenced by regional background and local photochemical formation under favorable meteorological *** the contribution of these factors to changes in O_(3)is crucial to address the issue of O_(3)*** this study,we propose a novel integrated method that combines random forest,principal component analysis,and Shapley additive explanations to distinguish observed O_(3)into meteorologically affected ozone(O_(3_MET)),chemically formed from local emissions(O_(3_LC)),and regional background ozone(O_(3_RBG)).Applied to three typical stations in Shanghai during the warm season from 2013 to 2021,the results indicate that O_(3_RBG)in Shanghai was 48.8±0.3 ppb,accounting for 79.6%–89.4%at different sites,with an overall declining trend of 0.018 ppb/yr.O_(3_LC)at urban and regional sites ranged from 5.9–9.0 ppb and 8.9–14.6 ppb,respectively,which were significantly higher than the contributions of 2.5–7.4 ppb at an upwind background site.O_(3_MET)can be categorized into those affecting O_(3)photochemical generation and those changing O_(3)dispersion conditions,with absolute contributions to O_(3)ranging from 13.4–19.0 ppb and 13.1–13.7 ppb,*** found that the O_(3)rebound in 2017,compared to 2013,was primarily influenced by unfavorable O_(3)dispersion conditions and unbalanced emission reductions;while the O_(3)decline in 2021,compared to 2017,was primarily influenced by overall favorable meteorological conditions and further emissions *** findings highlight the challenge of understanding O_(3)change due to meteorology and regional background,emphasizing the need for systematic interpretation of the different components of O_(3).

关键词： Ozone Integrated method Machine learning

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Refining the Factors Affecting N_(2)O Emissions from Upland Soils with and without Nitrogen Fertilizer Application at a Global Scale

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Advances in atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1804-1820页

作者： Wenqian JIANG Siqi LI Yong LI Meihui WANG Bo WANG Ji LIU Jianlin SHEN Xunhua ZHENG State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Key Laboratory for Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China Changsha Research Station for Agricultural&Environmental Monitoring Chinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Formation and Prevention of the Urban Air Pollution Complex Shanghai Academy of Environment SciencesShanghai 200233China Institute of Carbon Neutrality Qilu ZhongkeJinan 251699China Hubei Province Key Laboratory for Geographical Process Analysis and Simulation Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079China Department of Ecohydrology Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland FisheriesBerlin 12587Germany Key laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf Ministry of EducationNanning Normal UniversityNanning 530001China Golden Mantis school of Architecture Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)is a long-lived greenhouse gas that mainly originates from agricultural *** and more studies have explored the sources,influencing factors and effective mitigation measures of N_(2)O in recent ***,the hierarchy of factors influencing N_(2)O emissions from agricultural soils at the global scale remains *** this study,we carry out correlation and structural equation modeling analysis on a global N_(2)O emission dataset to explore the hierarchy of influencing factors affecting N_(2)O emissions from the nitrogen(N)and non-N fertilized upland farming systems,in terms of climatic factors,soil properties,and agricultural *** results show that the average N_(2)O emission intensity in the N fertilized soils(17.83 g N ha^(-1)d^(-1))was significantly greater than that in the non-N fertilized soils(5.34 g N ha^(−1) d^(−1))(p<0.001).Climate factors and agricultural practices are the most important influencing factors on N_(2)O emission in non-N and N fertilized upland soils,*** different climatic zones,without fertilizer,the primary influence factors on soil N_(2)O emissions are soil physical properties in subtropical monsoon zone,whereas climatic factors are key in the temperate *** fertilizer,the primary influence factors for subtropical monsoon and temperate continental zones are soil physical properties,while agricultural measures are the main factors in the temperate monsoon *** enhanced agricultural practices,such as reduced N fertilizer rate combined with the addition of nitrification and urease inhibitors can potentially mitigate N_(2)O emissions by more than 60%in upland farming systems.

关键词： N_(2)O emissions influencing factors nitrogen cycling upland farming systems

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Identifying priority areas of Four Major Chinese carps’ species in the Pearl River basin based on the MaxEnt model

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Watershed Ecology and the environment 2023年第1期5卷 18-23页

作者： Shao, Xiaojing Liu, Xing Cai, Jie Cai, Yanzi Cui, Baoshan Research Center for Monitoring and Environmental Sciences Taihu Basin & East China Sea Ecological Environment Supervision and Administration Authority Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of China Shanghai 200125 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

The Pearl River basin (PRB) is an important producing area and the gene pool of wild resources of Four Major Chinese carps (FMCC). However human activities and climate changes causes the area shrink of the river network in PRB, the pollution aggregation, the serious habitat destroy of aquatic organisms, and the threat of biological resources and their living environment. Based on the accurate location and distribution data of FMCC from the literature and the field survey report of 2015–2016, this study used the MaxEnt model to predict the hot spot distribution area of FMCC in PRB. The simulation results show that the distribution of FMCC in the PRB gradually increases from the upper reaches to the middle and lower reaches. According to the MaxEnt model, the hot spots of FMCC in the PRB are mainly distributed in the south reaches and the lower reaches of the southeast. The model simulation also demonstrates that the hottest spots for the distribution of FMCC species in the PRB are the Yujiang basin, the Qianjiang basin and the lower reaches of the Xijiang basin. This study can provide the scientific guidance for the protection and the restoration of FMCC species in the PRB. © 2022 The Authors

关键词： Biodiversity MaxEnt model Pearl River basin Prior conservation area

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