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IEEE Transactions on Computational Biology and Bioinformatics 2025年第2期22卷 528-536页

作者： Chaolu Meng Yunyun Shi Quan Zou Ruijun Liu Colledge of Computer and Information Engineering Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Key Laboratory of Big Data Research and Application of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China Colledge of Computer and Information Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Hohhot China Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China School of Software Beihang University Beijing China

The identification of protein sequences depends on the effective selection of an optimized set of features. Traditional algorithms prioritize global feature importance, often overshadowing the significance of local metrics. Addressing this imbalance, we introduce an innovative algorithm that fuses feature ranking with an advanced weight quantization technique. This algorithm unfolds in two pivotal stages: initially, it generates a weighted directed graph based on normal distribution metrics; subsequently, it employs the HodgeRank algorithm to amalgamate these rankings. Specifically, the algorithm evaluates feature score normality by employing z-scores for skewness and kurtosis, resulting in a graph that quantitatively reflects both local and global feature contributions. HodgeRank then translates this graph into a Laplacian matrix, enabling the calculation of a comprehensive scoring function for each feature. We refine the initial rankings by incorporating weights during the integration phase, capturing a holistic view of feature significance. The proposed method, termed HodgeRankWeight, showcases superior performance, achieving accuracy rates of 87.02%, 92.84%, and 74.51% across different datasets. In head-to-head comparisons, HodgeRankWeight outstripped existing models, achieving an overall accuracy of 82.6923% and setting a new benchmark for precision in protein sequence identification. We also offer a complimentary web server for related research.

关键词： Sorting Directed graphs Kurtosis Gaussian distribution Feature extraction Measurement Matrix decomposition Bioinformatics Vectors Quantization (signal)

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Patient-Level Anatomy Meets Scanning-Level Physics: Personalized Federated Low-Dose CT Denoising Empowered by Large Language Model

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Ziyuan Chen, Yingyu Wang, Zhiwen Shan, Hongming Chen, Yang Zhang, Yi College of Computer Science Sichuan University China Key Laboratory of Data Protection and Intelligent Management Ministry of Education Sichuan University China School of Cyber Science and Engineering Sichuan University China School of Computer Science and Software Engineering Southwest Petroleum University China Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-inspired Intelligence Fudan University China School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University China

Reducing radiation doses benefits patients, however, the resultant low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) images often suffer from clinically unacceptable noise and artifacts. While deep learning (DL) shows promise in LDCT reconstruction, it requires large-scale data collection from multiple clients, raising privacy concerns. Federated learning (FL) has been introduced to address these privacy concerns;however, current methods are typically tailored to specific scanning protocols, which limits their generalizability and makes them less effective for unseen protocols. To address these issues, we propose SCAN-PhysFed, a novel SCanning- and ANatomy-level personalized Physics-Driven Federated learning paradigm for LDCT reconstruction. Since the noise distribution in LDCT data is closely tied to scanning protocols and anatomical structures being scanned, we design a dual-level physics-informed way to address these challenges. Specifically, we incorporate physical and anatomical prompts into our physics-informed hypernetworks to capture scanning- and anatomy-specific information, enabling dual-level physics-driven personalization of imaging features. These prompts are derived from the scanning protocol and the radiology report generated by a medical large language model (MLLM), respectively. Subsequently, client-specific decoders project these dual-level personalized imaging features back into the image domain. Besides, to tackle the challenge of unseen data, we introduce a novel protocol vector-quantization strategy Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Computerized tomography

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VMeta: A QoS dataset for Metaverse Services 6th

VMeta: A QoS Dataset for Metaverse Services

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6th International Conference on Blockchain and Trustworthy Systems, BlockSys 2024

作者： Ge, Zhiyuan Jin, Huiying Dong, Hai Ji, Shunhui Li, Jiajia Yang, Shuhan Wang, Qi Zhang, Pengcheng Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Hohai University Nanjing210000 China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing210000 China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210000 China School of Computing Technologies RMIT University Melbourne3000 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9789819614134

The metaverse is undergoing repaid evolution with metaverse services emerging as a significant focal point of research across virtual reality, augmented reality, and metaverse social networking. However, a key challenge lies in the scarcity of datasets that accurately represent metaverse services, impeding the advancement of metaverse service technologies and applications. To address this challenge, we have categorized metaverse services into virtual scene services and meta-services. Subsequently, we introduced a metaverse service dataset called "VMeta". VMeta encompasses comprehensive information about virtual scene services and meta-services, including essential QoS (Quality of Service) data. This dataset serves as a valuable resource for researchers exploring various aspects of metaverse services, with the ultimate goal of enhancing user satisfaction in the metaverse. We have conducted evaluations and tests on VMeta to optimize metaverse QoS. The results demonstrate its substantial value for metaverse service research. Our datasets are available at https://***/Gelieziman/VMeta. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Virtual environments

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Auction Theory and Game Theory Based Pricing of Edge Computing Resources: A Survey

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Yu, Jiguo Liu, Shun Zou, Yifei Wang, Guijuan Hu, Chunqiang University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Information and Software Engineering Chengdu610054 China Qilu University of Technology Big Data Institute Jinan250353 China Qufu Normal University School of Computer Science Shandong Rizhao China Shandong University School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong Qingdao266237 China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Jinan250353 China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Jinan250353 China Chongqing University School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing400044 China

The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and edge computing applications has heightened the demand for efficient resource allocation and pricing mechanisms. Effective pricing strategies play a crucial role in optimizing resource utilization, reducing latency, and ensuring fair resource distribution among users. Both auction theory and game theory have emerged as fundamental economic frameworks for designing pricing mechanisms in edge computing. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of pricing strategies that leverage both auction and game theory, systematically categorizing existing research based on auction mechanisms and game-theoretic models. Unlike previous surveys that focus solely on auction-based pricing, this work integrates game-theoretic perspectives, providing a holistic analysis of strategic interactions in edge computing resource allocation. Furthermore, we discuss key challenges, emerging trends, and future research directions aimed at enhancing efficiency, fairness, and privacy protection in cloud-edge collaborative computing environments. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Mobile edge computing

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PEFN: A Patches Enhancement and Hierarchical Fusion Network for Robust Vehicle Re-Identification

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： He, Wenying Wang, Feiyu Bai, Yude Xiong, Neal N. Xu, Guangquan Guo, Fei Hebei University of Technology School of Artificial Intelligence Tianjin300401 China Hebei University of Technology Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Calculation Tianjin300130 China Tiangong University School of Software Tianjin300387 China Northeastern State University Department of Mathematics and Computer Science TahlequahOK74464 United States Tianjin300350 China Central South University School of Computer Science and Engineering Changsha410083 China

Vehicle Re-Identification (Re-ID), which is a significant application in the Internet of Things, aims to accurately retrieve the remaining images of a given vehicle across different cameras views. The improvement in vehicle Re-ID performance largely stems from better addressing the issues of inter-class similarity and intra-class variance. Existing methods, relying solely on max or average pooling after using attention modules, fail to obtain significantly complete and pure global and local features, and neglect the false guidance that some unique individual information on images bring to re-identification. Moreover, models combining global and local features have shown good results in vehicle Re-ID, but these successes neglect the interaction between features across different convolutional layers, resulting in the loss of crucial details for vehicle Re-ID. To tackle these issues, we introduce a Patches Enhancement and hierarchical Fusion Network (PEFN) based on a multi-branch architecture, divided into a Global and Local Attention Supplement (GLAS) branch, and an Enhanced Hierarchical feature fusion (EnHi) branch. The GLAS branch, through the Identity-related Feature Remodeling (IDFR) module’s staged supplementation of spatial and channel features, has achieved the enhancement of both global and local features and effectively mitigated the negative impacts of individual information. The EnHi branch enhances the robustness of feature representation by interacting hierarchical features. Extensive experiments on two large-scale vehicle re-identification datasets demonstrate that our PEFN method outperforms state-of-the-art vehicle re-identification approaches. Specifically, without utilizing extra data and re-ranking, our model achieves 85.15% mAP on the VeRi776 dataset. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Reamers

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A segmentation method for oral CBCT image based on Segment Anything Model and semi-supervised teacher-student model

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Medical Physics 2025年 2025 May 7页

作者： Gan, Jianhong Kang, Runqing Deng, Xun He, Tongli Yu, Nie Gan, Yuling Wei, Peiyang Chen, Xiangyi Peng, Xiaoli Li, Zhibin College of Software Engineering Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu China Sichuan Key Laboratory of Software Automatic Generation and Intelligent Service Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Software China Meteorological Administration Chengdu China Dazhou Key Laboratory of Government Data Security Sichuan University of Arts and Science Dazhou China College of Applied Mathematics Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu China The Fifth Research Institute of Telecommunications Technology Chengdu China School of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing China Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics &Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi China College of Instrumentation and Electrical Engineering Jilin University Changchun China

Background: Accurate segmentation of oral cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is essential for research and clinical diagnosis. However, irregular and blurred tooth boundaries in CBCT images complicate the labeling of oral tissues, and insufficient labeled samples further limit the generalization ability of segmentation models. The Segment Anything Model (SAM) demonstrates strong generalization and segmentation accuracy across diverse tasks as a vision foundation model. The Teacher-Student (TS) model has proven effective in semi-supervised learning approaches. Purpose: To accurately segment various parts of oral CBCT, such as enamel, pulp, bone, blood vessels, air, etc., an improved segmentation method named SAM-TS is proposed, which combines SAM with the TS model. SAM-TS leverages Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) to fine-tune the SAM model on oral CBCT images with fewer parameters. Methods: To efficiently utilize numerous unlabeled images for training models, the LoRA strategy is improved to fine-tune the SAM. The fine-tuned SAM and teacher models collaboratively generate pseudo-labels on unlabeled images, which are filtered and utilized to train the student model. Then, a data augmentation-based Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU) method is proposed to filter out unreliable or spurious pseudo-labels. Finally, the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) method is used to transfer the student model's parameters to the teacher model. After repeating this process, the final optimized student model for segmentation is obtained. The experimental results demonstrate that incorporating unlabeled data into model training through SAM-TS significantly enhances the model's generalization ability and segmentation accuracy. Results: Compared to the baseline algorithm, the proposed method achieves an overall improvement of over 6.48% in MIoU. In the tooth segmentation task, the minimum MIoU and maximum MIoU increased by at least 10% and 27.32%, respectively. In the bone segmentation

关键词： Semi-supervised learning

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How Deep is Love in LLMs’ Hearts? Exploring Semantic Size in Human-like Cognition

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yao, Yao Yang, Yifei Ma, Xinbei Yang, Dongjie Zhang, Zhuosheng Li, Zuchao Zhao, Hai Department of Computer Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Trusted Data Circulation and Governance in Web3 Shanghai China Key Laboratory of Shanghai Education Commission for Intelligent Interaction and Cognitive Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China National Engineering Research Center for Multimedia Software School of Computer Science Wuhan University Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China

How human cognitive abilities are formed has long captivated researchers. However, a significant challenge lies in developing meaningful methods to measure these complex processes. With the advent of large language models (LLMs), which now rival human capabilities in various domains, we are presented with a unique testbed to investigate human cognition through a new lens. Among the many facets of cognition, one particularly crucial aspect is the concept of semantic size—the perceived magnitude of both abstract and concrete words or concepts. This study seeks to investigate whether LLMs exhibit similar tendencies in understanding semantic size, thereby providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of human cognition. We begin by exploring metaphorical reasoning, comparing how LLMs and humans associate abstract words with concrete objects of varying sizes. Next, we examine LLMs’ internal representations to evaluate their alignment with human cognitive processes. Our findings reveal that multi-modal training is crucial for LLMs to achieve more human-like understanding, suggesting that real-world, multi-modal experiences are similarly vital for human cognitive development. Lastly, we examine whether LLMs are influenced by attention-grabbing headlines with larger semantic sizes in a real-world web shopping scenario. The results show that multi-modal LLMs are more emotionally engaged in decision-making, but this also introduces potential biases, such as the risk of manipulation through clickbait headlines. Ultimately, this study offers a novel perspective on how LLMs interpret and internalize language, from the smallest concrete objects to the most profound abstract concepts like ‘love’. The insights gained not only improve our understanding of LLMs but also provide new avenues for exploring the cognitive abilities that define human intelligence. Our code and dataset is publicly available at https://***/Zoeyyao27/LLM-Semantic-Size-Understanding. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Semantics

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A spectrum-enhanced attention model for semantic segmentation of remote sensing images

A spectrum-enhanced attention model for semantic segmentatio...

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Xin Li Feng Xu Feifei Tao Yao Tong Xin Lyu Jianyi Zhong André Kaup College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Hohai University Nanjing China School of Computer Engineering Jiangsu Ocean University Lianyungang China School of Artificial Intelligence and Information Technology Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine Nanjing China Chair of Multimedia Communications and Signal Processing Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Erlangen Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350368741

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368758

Semantic segmentation of remote sensing images (RSIs) is essential for applications such as environmental monitoring, urban planning, and disaster management. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and their variants struggle to capture comprehensive spectral context for learning discriminative representations. In this paper, we propose a Spectrum-Enhanced Network (SPENet) that leverages the Frequency Transformer Block (FTB) to capture rich spectral context. FTB integrates Spectrum-Enhanced Attention (SEA) with Multi-Head Frequency Self-Attention (MH-FSA), incorporating more informative contextual cues. Specifically, SEA aggregates spectral statistics through covariance matrix normalization before applying channel-wise attention. By projecting feature maps onto the frequency domain, MH-FSA provides the network with a broader context, extending beyond the low-frequency focus of standard self-attention mechanisms. Extensive experiments on the ISPRS Potsdam and LoveDA datasets show that SPENet significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Besides, the proposed SEA module notably rises average F1-score/overall accuracy/mean insert over union wiht more than 2.5/2.6%/2.3%, as demonstrated by ablation study.

关键词： Semantic segmentation Frequency-domain analysis Urban planning Semantics Speech enhancement Signal processing Transformers Sensors Remote sensing Standards

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Fuzzy Granule Density-Based Outlier Detection with Multi-Scale Granular Balls

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Gao, Can Tan, Xiaofeng Zhou, Jie Ding, Weiping Pedrycz, Witold The College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen518060 China The National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data System Computing Technology Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China The School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Nantong University Nantong226019 China The Faculty of Data Science City University of Macau Macau999078 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia The Department of Computer Engineering Istinye University Istanbul Turkey

Outlier detection refers to the identification of anomalous samples that deviate significantly from the distribution of normal data and has been extensively studied and used in a variety of practical tasks. However, most unsupervised outlier detection methods are carefully designed to detect specified outliers, while real-world data may be entangled with different types of outliers. In this study, we propose a fuzzy rough sets-based multi-scale outlier detection method to identify various types of outliers. Specifically, a novel fuzzy rough sets-based method that integrates relative fuzzy granule density is first introduced to improve the capability of detecting local outliers. Then, a multi-scale view generation method based on granular-ball computing is proposed to collaboratively identify group outliers at different levels of granularity. Moreover, reliable outliers and inliers determined by the three-way decision are used to train a weighted support vector machine to further improve the performance of outlier detection. The proposed method innovatively transforms unsupervised outlier detection into a semi-supervised classification problem and for the first time explores the fuzzy rough sets-based outlier detection from the perspective of multi-scale granular balls, allowing for high adaptability to different types of outliers. Extensive experiments carried out on both artificial and UCI datasets demonstrate that the proposed outlier detection method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, improving the results by at least 8.48% in terms of the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUROC) index. The source codes are released at https://***/Xiaofeng-Tan/MGBOD. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Granulation

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Tackling Real-world Complexity: Hierarchical Modeling and Dynamic Prompting for Multimodal Long Document Classification

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology 2025年

作者： Liu, Tengfei Hu, Yongli Li, Mingjie Yi, Junfei Chang, Xiaojun Gao, Junbin Yin, Baocai Beijing University of Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Multimedia and Intelligent Software Technology Beijing Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Information Science and Technology Beijing100124 China Stanford University Department of Radiation Oncology StanfordCA94305 United States Hunan University National Engineering Laboratory of Robot Visual Perception and Control Technology College of Electrical and Information Engineering Hunan Changsha410082 China University of Technology Sydney ReLER Laboratory Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology UltimoNSW2007 Australia The University of Sydney Business School The University of Sydney Discipline of Business Analytics CamperdownNSW2006 Australia

With the rapid growth of internet content, multimodal long document data has become increasingly prominent, drawing significant attention from researchers. However, most existing methods primarily focus on scenarios where all modalities are present, often overlooking more challenging and realistic cases involving missing image modality. To address this limitation, we propose a robust multimodal long document classification (MLDC) framework that integrates hierarchical modeling and dynamic prompting to handle complex multimodal long document data. Our approach begins by leveraging hierarchical modeling combined with an Adaptive Correlation Multimodal Transformer (ACMT) to effectively capture relationships between text and images at both section and sentence levels. We also introduce a Dynamic Prompt Generation (DPG) module at both levels to enhance the model's robustness in handling missing image data. By evaluating sample uncertainty, the DPG module dynamically adjusts both the number of prompts and the prompts themselves, allowing the model to better adapt to the varying needs of different samples. Finally, a Hierarchical Heterogeneous Graph (HHG) is introduced to enhance feature interactions across levels, further improving the coherence and accuracy of the model. Extensive experiments on four multi-modal long document datasets demonstrate that our model shows superior performance compared to existing state-of-the-art MLDC classification methods in various conditions. © 1991-2012 IEEE.

关键词： dynamic prompt generation hierarchical heterogeneous graph Multimodal long document classification

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