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Side-channel free quantum digital signature with source monitoring

Chinese Physics B 2025年第1期34卷 53-58页

作者： Luo-Jia Ma Ming-Shuo Sun Chun-Hui Zhang Hua-Jian Ding Xing-Yu Zhou Jian Li Qin Wang Institute of Quantum Information and Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Key Laboratory of Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China

Quantum digital signature(QDS)can guarantee the information-theoretical security of a signature with the fundamental laws of quantum ***,most current QDS protocols do not take source security into account,leading to an overestimation of the signature *** this paper,we propose to utilize Hong–Ou–Mandel interference to characterize the upper bound of the source imperfections,and further to quantify information leakage from potential ***,we combine decoy-state methods and finite-size analysis in analyzing the signature *** results demonstrate the performance and feasibility of our *** current work can improve the practical security of QDS systems,thereby promoting their further networked applications.

关键词： Hong-Ou-Mandel interference side-channel free quantum digital signature

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Improved reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution with intensity fluctuations

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第2期34卷 48-52页

作者： Zi-Qi Chen Hao-Bing Sun Ming-Shuo Sun Qin Wang Institute of Quantum Information and Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Key Laboratory of Ministry of EducationNanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China

Reference-frame-independent quantum key distribution(RFI-QKD) can avoid real-time calibration operation of reference frames and improve the efficiency of the communication process. However, due to imperfections of optical devices,there will inevitably exist intensity fluctuations in the source side of the QKD system, which will affect the final secure key rate. To reduce the influence of intensity fluctuations, an improved 3-intensity RFI-QKD scheme is proposed in this *** considering statistical fluctuations and implementing global parameter optimization, we conduct corresponding simulation analysis. The results show that our present work can present both higher key rate and a farther transmission distance than the standard method.

关键词： quantum key distribution intensity fluctuations decoy-state method

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Gray code based gradient-free optimization algorithm for parameterized quantum circuit

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 189-194页

作者：张安琪武春辉赵生妹 Institute of Signal Processing and Transmission Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology(Ministry of Education) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China

A Gray code based gradient-free optimization(GCO)algorithm is proposed to update the parameters of parameterized quantum circuits(PQCs)in this *** parameter of PQCs is encoded as a binary string,named as a gene,and a genetic-based method is adopted to select the *** individuals in the offspring are decoded in Gray code way to keep Hamming distance,and then are evaluated to obtain the best one with the lowest cost value in each *** algorithm is performed iteratively for all parameters one by one until the cost value satisfies the stop condition or the number of iterations is *** GCO algorithm is demonstrated for classification tasks in Iris and MNIST datasets,and their performance are compared by those with the Bayesian optimization algorithm and binary code based optimization *** simulation results show that the GCO algorithm can reach high accuracies steadily for quantum classification ***,the GCO algorithm has a robust performance in the noise environment.

关键词： gradient-free optimization Gray code genetic-based method

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Securing STAR-FC-RIS empowered integrated sensing and multiuser communications against target eavesdropping

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第11期67卷 335-346页

作者： Shuying LIN Yulong ZOU Fu XIAO Bin LI School of Telecommunications and Information Engineering Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications

This paper investigates a simultaneous-transmitting-and-reflecting fully-connected reconfigurable intelligent surface(STAR-FC-RIS) empowered integrated sensing and multiuser communications(ISAMC) network, where a dual-functional radar-communication base station detects a malicious radar target nearby and communicates with multiple legitimate users on the other side of the STAR-RIS. We utilize an integrated architecture that combines the fully-connected(FC)-RIS, an emerging type of beyond-diagonal(BD)-RIS, with the time-switching(TS)-STAR-RIS to enhance both the sensing and communications at the cost of possible target intercepting and propose the simultaneous-transmitting-and-reflecting fully-connected RIS(STAR-FCR) schemes to strike a balance between sensing and communications performance. Thereafter, observing the security-reliability performance tradeoff of the downlink ISAMC, we conduct closed-form analyses to compare COPs of round-robin scheduling(RS) and multiuser scheduling(MS) with the aid of a TS-based STAR-FC-RIS. Furthermore, we derive closed-form expressions of the sensing outage probability, communications outage probability(COP), and communications intercept probability, where an average of the three probabilities is exploited to obtain an optimized time allocation(OTA) of the *** results verify that the STAR-FCR-MS scheme outperforms the STAR-FCR-RS scheme in terms of sensing reliability and communications security. Moreover, an OTA remarkably enhances the overall performance of the STAR-FCR schemes of ISAMC systems.

关键词： simultaneous-transmitting-and-reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) fully-connected beyond-diagonal RIS integrated sensing and communications multiuser scheduling security

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Optimization-based mode selection scheme for OAM millimeter wave system in the off-axis misalignment case

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Digital communications and networks 2024年第1期10卷 101-108页

作者： Haie Dou Lei Wang Bin Kang Baoyu Zheng Key Lab of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology(Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications) Ministry of EducationNanjing210003China School of Internet of Things Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing210003China

Millimeter-wave transmission combined with Orbital Angular Momentum(OAM)has the advantage of reducing the loss of beam power and increasing the system ***,to fulfill this advantage,the antennas at the transmitter and receiver must be parallel and coaxial;otherwise,the accuracy of mode detection at the receiver can be seriously *** this paper,we design an OAM millimeter-wave communication system for overcoming the above ***,the first contribution is that the power distribution between different OAM modes and the capacity of the system with different mode sets are analytically derived for performance *** second contribution lies in that a novel mode selection scheme is proposed to reduce the total interference between different *** results show that system performance is less affected by the offset when the mode set with smaller modes or larger intervals is selected.

关键词： Orbital angular momentum Millimeter wave Off-axis misalignment Mode selection Capacity

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Bessel–Gaussian beam-based orbital angular momentum holography

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第1期33卷 407-413页

作者：季佳滢郑志刚朱家龙王乐王新光赵生妹 Institute of Signal Processing and Transmission Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Ministry of EducationNanjing 210003China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

Orbital angular momentum(OAM), as a new degree of freedom, has recently been applied in holography *** to the infinite helical mode index of OAM mode, a large number of holographic images can be reconstructed from an OAM-multiplexing hologram. However, the traditional design of an OAM hologram is constrained by the helical mode index of the selected OAM mode, for a larger helical mode index OAM mode has a bigger sampling distance, and the crosstalk is produced for different sampling distances for different OAM modes. In this paper, we present the design of the OAM hologram based on a Bessel–Gaussian beam, which is non-diffractive and has a self-healing property during its propagation. The Fourier transform of the Bessel–Gaussian beam is the perfect vortex mode that has the fixed ring radius for different OAM modes. The results of simulation and experiment have demonstrated the feasibility of the generation of the OAM hologram with the Bessel–Gaussian beam. The quality of the reconstructed holographic image is increased, and the security is enhanced. Additionally, the anti-interference property is improved owing to its self-healing property of the Bessel-OAM holography.

关键词： orbital angular momentum holography Bessel–Gaussian beam OAM-multiplexing hologram

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Single-qubit quantum classifier based on gradient-free optimization algorithm

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Chinese Physics B 2023年第10期32卷 241-247页

作者：张安琪王可伦吴逸华赵生妹 Institute of Signal Processing and Transmission Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Ministry of EducationNanjing 210003China

A single-qubit quantum classifier(SQC)based on a gradient-free optimization(GFO)algorithm,named the GFO-based SQC,is proposed to overcome the effects of barren plateaus caused by quantum ***,a rotation gate R_(X)(φ)is applied on the single-qubit binary quantum classifier,and the training data and parameters are loaded intoφin the form of vector *** cost function is decreased by finding the value of each parameter that yields the minimum expectation value of measuring the quantum *** algorithm is performed iteratively for all parameters one by one until the cost function satisfies the stop *** proposed GFO-based SQC is demonstrated for classification tasks in Iris and MNIST datasets and compared with the Adam-based SQC and the quantum support vector machine(QSVM).Furthermore,the performance of the GFO-based SQC is discussed when the rotation gate in the quantum device is under different types of *** simulation results show that the GFO-based SQC can reach a high accuracy in reduced ***,the proposed GFO algorithm can quickly complete the training process of the ***,the GFO-based SQC has a good performance in noisy environments.

关键词： single-qubit quantum classifier gradient-free parameters optimizing barren plateau quantum noise

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Cross-Modal Graph Semantic communication Assisted by Generative AI in the Metaverse for 6G

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Research 2024年第2期2024卷 19-27页

作者： Mingkai Chen Minghao Liu Congyan Wang Xingnuo Song Zhe Zhang Yannan Xie Lei Wang Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjng 210003China State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays&Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM) Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China

Recently, the development of the Metaverse has become a frontier spotlight, which is an important demonstration of the integration innovation of advanced technologies in the Internet. Moreover, artificial intelligence (AI) and 6G communications will be widely used in our daily lives. However, the effective interactions with the representations of multimodal data among users via 6G communications is the main challenge in the Metaverse. In this work, we introduce an intelligent cross-modal graph semantic communication approach based on generative AI and 3-dimensional (3D) point clouds to improve the diversity of multimodal representations in the Metaverse. Using a graph neural network, multimodal data can be recorded by key semantic features related to the real scenarios. Then, we compress the semantic features using a graph transformer encoder at the transmitter, which can extract the semantic representations through the cross-modal attention mechanisms. Next, we leverage a graph semantic validation mechanism to guarantee the exactness of the overall data at the receiver. Furthermore, we adopt generative AI to regenerate multimodal data in virtual scenarios. Simultaneously, a novel 3D generative reconstruction network is constructed from the 3D point clouds, which can transfer the data from images to 3D models, and we infer the multimodal data into the 3D models to increase realism in virtual scenarios. Finally, the experiment results demonstrate that cross-modal graph semantic communication, assisted by generative AI, has substantial potential for enhancing user interactions in the 6G communications and Metaverse.

关键词： modal frontier guarantee

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Diffraction deep neural network-based classification for vector vortex beams

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第3期33卷 387-392页

作者：彭怡翔陈兵王乐赵生妹 Institute of Signal Processing and Transmission Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications (NJUPT)Nanjing 210003China Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Ministry of EducationNanjing 210003China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

The vector vortex beam(VVB)has attracted significant attention due to its intrinsic diversity of information and has found great applications in both classical and quantum ***,a VVB is unavoidably affected by atmospheric turbulence(AT)when it propagates through the free-space optical communication environment,which results in detection errors at the *** this paper,we propose a VVB classification scheme to detect VVBs with continuously changing polarization states under AT,where a diffractive deep neural network(DDNN)is designed and trained to classify the intensity distribution of the input distorted VVBs,and the horizontal direction of polarization of the input distorted beam is adopted as the feature for the classification through the *** numerical simulations and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme has high accuracy in classification *** energy distribution percentage remains above 95%from weak to medium AT,and the classification accuracy can remain above 95%for various strengths of *** has a faster convergence and better accuracy than that based on a convolutional neural network.

关键词： vector vortex beam diffractive deep neural network classification atmospheric turbulence

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Precision flatness measurement based on orbital angular momentum

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Chinese Physics B 2025年第5期34卷 415-422页

作者： Feifei Han Zhiwan Wang Le Wang Shengmei Zhao Institute of Signal Processing and Transmission Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210003China Key Laboratory of Broadband Wireless Communication and Sensor Network Technology Ministry of EducationNanjing 210003China National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China

We propose a method to measure the flatness of an object with a petal-like pattern generated by the interference of the measured orbital angular momentum(OAM)beam and the reference OAM beam which carries the opposite OAM *** calculating the difference between the petal rotation angle without/with the object,the thickness information of the object,and then the flatness information,can be ***,the direction of the object’s flatness can be determined by the petal’s clockwise/counterclockwise *** theoretically analyze the relationship between the object’s thickness and petal rotation angle,and verify the proposed method by *** experimental results show that the proposed method is a high precision flatness measurement and can obtain the convex/concave property of the *** the 1.02 mm glass sample,the mean deviation of the flatness is 1.357×10^(-8) and the variance is 0.242×10^(-16).For the 0.50 mm glass sample,the mean deviation of the flatness is 1.931×10^(-8) and the variance is 2.405×10^(-16).Two different topological charges are adopted for the 2.00 mm glass sample,and their flatness deviations are 0.239×10^(-8)(ℓ=1)and 0.246×10^(-8)(ℓ=2),where their variances are 0.799×10^(-18)(ℓ=1)and 0.775×10^(-18)(ℓ=2),*** is shown that the flatness measured by the proposed method is the same for the same sample when different topological charges are *** results indicate that the proposed method may provide a high flatness measurement,and will be a promising way to measure the flatness.

关键词： orbital angular momentum flatness measurement interference petal rotation angle

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