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Research on the Evaluation and Optimization Strategy of Children's School Commuting Path in cold Climate Cities from the Perspective of Child-Friendliness: Taking Harbin as an Example

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China City Planning Review 2025年第1期34卷 41-49页

作者： Liu Yibo Sun Cheng Qian Fang(Translated) School of Architecture and Design Harbin Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of National Territory Spatial Planning and Ecological Restoration in Cold Regions Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information Technology 不详

The school commuting path is an important space for elementary school students to engage with society and *** design of these paths reflects concerns for children's rights and healthy development and has crucial impacts on creating supportive environments for *** scientific evaluation of the child-friendly level of school commuting paths forms a significant basis for shaping child-friendly environments and promoting the comprehensive development of ***,due to the unique climatic conditions,cold climate cities excert a distinct impact on children's behavior,activities,and physical and mental health compared to cities in other climate *** study,from the perspective of child-friendliness,constructs an evaluation system for school commuting paths in cold climate cities,based on children's behavioral characteristics and environmental *** system includes dimensions such as safety,diversity,and *** children and their caregivers as the evaluators,the study applies structural equation modeling to assign weights to the various dimension indicators in the evaluation *** research focuses on five elementary schools in the Nangang District of Harbin City,using methods such as machine learning,space syntax,and field surveys to assess the school commuting *** upon these findings,the study constructs the characteristic profile of the commuting paths and proposes evidence-based control and optimization strategies for different types of school commuting paths in cold climate cities from a child-friendly perspective.

关键词： child-friendly cold climate cities children's school commuting path evaluation optimization strategy

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Enhanced interactive AR bricklaying: elevating human–robot collaboration in augmented reality assisted masonry design and construction

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Architectural Intelligence 2025年第1期4卷 1-23页

作者： Zhang, Weichen Ruttico, Pierpaolo School of Architecture and Design Harbin Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Xidazhi Street 92 Harbin150006 China INDEXLAB Department of Architecture Built Environment and Construction Engineering School of Architecture Urban Planning Construction Engineering Politecnico di Milano Via Gaetano Previati 1c Lecco23900 Italy

Enhanced interactive AR bricklaying aims to combine human intelligence with robotic precision, enhancing creativity while addressing the inherent situation that the conventional robotic construction process are not well adapted to uncertainty. In conventional interactive brick-laying workflows, the design and construction phases are separate. Augmented Reality (AR) assists humans in completing parametric form designs, after which robots precisely execute the bricklaying process. However, this method demonstrates a low level of human–robot interaction, failing to fully harness the potential of AR in enhancing interactivity. This study first conducts a comparative experiment to evaluate a more interactive workflow, where design and construction phases alternate, against the conventional workflow. It examines the impact, limitations, and potential of human involvement in a linear robotic construction process. Based on this analysis, a construction case uses an AR system with a higher degree of interactivity. The system redistributes tasks between humans and robots, informed by the findings of the comparative experiment. The new workflow facilitates the construction of a brick wall, composed of large engineering bricks without mortar, measuring 7 m by 1.8 m, and featuring an inclined pattern. AR-guided interaction enables humans to guide robotic construction of a simple structure without relying on simulations or obstacle avoidance path planning. The discrepancies observed between design and final construction outcomes highlight the role of human intelligence, further validating the significance of enhanced interactive construction as a promising approach. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Mobile robots

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Investigation on multi-stage compression high-temperature heat pump system based on R718 and other low GWP refrigerants

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International Journal of Refrigeration 2025年 176卷 238-253页

作者： Shi, Xilong Zhang, Chenghu Liu, Yan Wang, Fazhong School of Architecture and Design Harbin Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Harbin China Industrial Co. Ltd Shandong China

Under the dual-carbon strategy, electrifying industrial heating is a key trend. This study develops three types of thermodynamic cycle models for compression high-temperature heat pump (HTHP) systems. The effects of evaporation temperature on the compression characteristics of R718, R245fa, R1234ze(Z), and R1336mzz(Z) are investigated, along with an analysis of the available energy variation within the system. Results show that R718 exhibits superior thermodynamic properties compared to other refrigerants at high evaporation temperatures, with its coefficient of performance (COP) increasing from 4.70 to 5.34. However, the high pressure ratio and excessive superheat (up to 150 °C at 90 °C evaporation temperature) limits its practical application. When the lifting temperature is set at 40 °C, the three-stage compression (THC) system achieves an optimal performance value of 5.47, with a pressure ratio of 1.58 and exhaust superheat of 35.38 °C. The exergy efficiency of the three-stage compression (TWC) and THC systems using R718 is 39.6 % and 56.1 % higher than that of the single-stage compression (SC) system at a waste heat source temperature of 95 °C, respectively. These findings emphasize that multi-stage compression significantly enhances energy efficiency. Furthermore, this study provides valuable guidance for practical engineering applications. © 2025

关键词： Exergy

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Fine-particle separation in heavy metal soil remediation using innovative hydrocyclone technology

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science of the Total environment 2025年 971卷 179062页

作者： Zhang, Ruiqi Xing, Leyao Li, Yang Shen, Ran Yang, Jixian Gao, Lixin School of Architecture and Design Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural human Settlement Environment Science and Technology Ministry of industry and Information Technology Harbin150090 China State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Environment Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150090 China

Heavy metal pollution in soils poses significant threats to ecosystems and human health. Traditional remediation methods (such as phytoremediation, thermal treatment, and electrokinetic remediation) are frequently limited by high costs and low efficiency. This study presents a novel approach using a small-scale hydrocyclone designed through numerical simulations to effectively separate fine-particle-contaminated soil. While heavy metals primarily adhere to particles smaller than 20 μm, previous studies have focused on rough separation of particles up to 200 μm. Our design innovation focuses specifically on the key particle size range of 20 μm. Using the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM), Volume of Fluid model, and discrete phase model, we investigated the effects of vortex finder diameter on flow field and classification efficiency and analyzed particle trajectories and separation performance. Under optimal conditions (1:25 water-to-soil ratio, 1.1 m3/h flow rate), the © 2025

关键词： Soil pollution

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Thermal plume diffusion on building facades: Mechanisms and model development under low wind speeds

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Building and environment 2025年 279卷

作者： Han, Dongliang Wang, Mingqi Zhang, Tiantian Zhang, Xuedan Liu, Jing Tan, Yufei School of Architecture and Design Harbin Institute of Technology Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information Technology China College of civil engineering Northeast Forestry University Harbin150040 China Department of Architecture National University of Singapore Singapore

Understanding the diffusion behavior of thermal plumes released from building façades is critical for mitigating localized heat accumulation and enhancing urban thermal comfort, especially under low wind conditions commonly found in dense cities. This study aims to investigate the formation, diffusion, and rise characteristics of façade-induced thermal plumes under calm and low-wind environments. To achieve this, a combination of wind tunnel experiments using a static wind platform, hot-wire anemometry, and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was employed, alongside computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The results show that thermal plumes primarily exhibit strong vertical rise with limited lateral diffusion, resulting in significant local heat buildup near façades. Wind direction and façade heat flux density notably influence plume behavior, compressing plumes under windward conditions and enhancing vertical rise under leeward scenarios. The rise angle decreases with increasing Richardson number (Ri), and this relationship is well described by the functions y=52.6×Ri/(4.8+Ri) and y=45.3×Ri/(4.1+Ri). Additionally, semi-empirical formulas for plume diffusion were proposed for static wind scenarios, with correction factors introduced to adapt to varying wind speeds. This research provides a novel coupling of experimental and numerical approaches to quantify façade thermal plume dynamics and offers practical insights for optimizing building design, improving natural ventilation strategies, and informing sustainable urban microclimate planning. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Thermal plumes

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In-situ verification technique for measuring performance of large-calibre flowmeters in heating systems based on common elbows

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Measurement: Sensors 2025年

作者： Zhu, Jiguang Cao, Huizhe Harbin Institute of Metrology Harbin China School of Architecture and Design Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin China

The demand for data quality in intelligent heating has driven new research in in-situ verification technology for flow meter measurement performance, which is a key link in establishing the credibility of flow measurement data. Based on the research of existing in-situ verification technology, this paper aims at the effectiveness of the whole life cycle, using the stability excellent comparative reference values provided by common elbows, to study the in-situ verification method of large calibre flow meter measurement performance. By implementing a representative in-situ verification experiment, analyse the statistical stability of the flow measurement process, estimate the uncertainty component contributed by on-site factors: Proposed two technical indicators of the apparent resolution level of the in-situ verification method and the effective confirmation capability for the significant fault of the measurement process, and studied their quantification methods. This study attempts to solve key issues such as the measurement, understanding, and prediction of the measurement performance of large calibre flow meter in heating systems, and to establish the best feasible plan. © 2024

关键词： Flow measurement

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An integrated identification framework for analyzing air pollutants mitigation potential from crop residue burning

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Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2025年 218卷

作者： Ma, Chenshuo Yuan, Chao Zhang, Yifei School of Architecture and Design Harbin Institute of Technology Heilongjiang Harbin150001 China Department of Architecture School of Design and Environmental National University of Singapore 4 Architecture Dr. 117566 Singapore Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Heilongjiang Harbin150001 China NUS Cities National University of Singapore 117566 Singapore

Crop residue burning is a key contributor to air pollution, highlighting the need for comprehensive emission assessments and reduction strategies to promote sustainable development. Biomass power (BP), open biomass burning (OBB), and indoor biomass burning (IBB) are the primary forms of crop residue burning. While previous studies have established emission inventories for individual burning forms, there is a significant gap in spatial assessments that integrate multiple forms to better inform crop residue management. This study developed a framework that integrates BP, OBB, and IBB to generate a high-resolution (10 × 10 km) emission map. Notably, it is the first to establish a spatially explicit emission inventory considering multiple forms of crop residue burning. Focusing on Northeast China as a case study, the results indicate that the quantity of crop residue burned was 16,900 tons, with OBB and IBB accounting for 99.7 %. The emissions of PM2.5, NOx, and SO2 were 666,000 tons, 107,000 tons, and 14,500 tons, respectively. Transitioning all crop residues to BP could reduce these emissions by 96 %. Additionally, this study identified spatial heterogeneity in emission reduction potential, partitioned counties accordingly, and proposed spatially differentiated mitigation strategies. These insights can inform crop residue planning and contribute to achieving sustainable development goals. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Emission control

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A visualized soundscape prediction model for design processes in urban parks

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Building Simulation 2023年第3期16卷 337-356页

作者： Ran Yue Qi Meng Da Yang Yue Wu Fangfang Liu Wei Yan Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologySchool of ArchitectureHarbin Institute of TechnologyChina

Existing soundscape prediction model application conditions and calculation processes are very complex,and difficult to combine with design ***,in this study,a visual soundscape prediction model is constructed for sound pressure level(SPL)prediction,sound source prediction,and soundscape evaluation prediction by inputting the elements of urban design under the meshing method(grid 50 m)into a machine learning Gaussian mixture model(GMM).Taking three typical urban parks as examples,the soundwalk method is used to collect subjective perception information on-site to verify prediction *** results show that by applying geographic information data,including the minimum distance values from predicted points to roads,entrances and exits,and internal nodes,the SPL can be *** the accuracy rate is stable within a 3 dBA error range,the prediction accuracy rate is 67.7%.The visual perception information added is used to quickly predict the sound source type,and the output is the visualized distribution of the natural,human,and mechanical sound perception with a 77.4%accuracy ***,combining geographic,visual and sound data to predict soundscape evaluation,the model's output are good,medium,and poor categories for each descriptor of the soundscape evaluation,and the prediction results are visualized in three colours with a 74.2%accuracy *** convenient soundscape prediction model proposed in this paper can be applied to design *** adjusting park design elements,the distribution results can be compared,and an optimal design scheme from the soundscape perspective can be *** with the model output,this study compares the model simulation results after adjusting the design elements and the original,and proposes targeted optimisation strategies for urban park soundscape.

关键词： soundscape prediction model urban park architectural design visualization

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Impact of photovoltaic energy-saving window on building heating load

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Journal of Building Engineering 2025年 108卷

作者： Li, Jiayi Wu, Jianmei Xu, Hongpeng Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology School of Architecture and Design Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin150000 China

Photovoltaic (PV) glazing contributes to energy conservation;however, its low transmittance increases building heating load, limiting its application in heating-dominated regions. This study aims to address this issue by proposing an innovative photovoltaic energy-saving window (PEW). The PEW combines the control of PV glazing and an insulated shutter, enhancing solar heat gain during the day and improving insulation at night, thereby reducing heating load. A numerical model was validated, and both single-factor and multi-factor analyses were used to examine key factors affecting heating load. Further simulations and on-site experiments quantified the heating load reduction achieved by the PEW with the proposed control mode. The main findings are as follows: 1) key factors are negatively correlated with heating load, ranked by descending correlation: the number of clear glazing layers, insulated shutter thickness, number of PV glazing layers, and PV glazing transmittance. 2) The optimal window configuration reduced heating load by 17.93 % compared to the least efficient configuration. 3) Over the annual heating period, the proposed window achieved a 23.54 % reduction in heating load relative to double-pane clear glazing. This study introduces a novel window and control mode that mitigates the impact of the low transmittance of PV glazing and enhances thermal insulation performance. It offers valuable insights into the influence of key factors on building heating load. Additionally, it provides an effective solution for improving energy efficiency in buildings, especially in heating-dominated regions. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Energy efficiency

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Occupancy of rooms in urban residential buildings by users in cold areas of China

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Building Simulation 2023年第3期16卷 483-497页

作者： Qi Dong Zikai Ma Cheng Sun School of Architecture Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150006China Key Laboratory of Cold Region Urban and Rural Human Settlement Environment Science and Technology Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyHarbin 150006China

Occupancy is used to represent the movements and locations of users among various zones of buildings,and it is the basis of all other daily energy consumption *** study investigated eight families in cold areas of China based on occupancy measurements obtained in four main rooms,i.e.,living room,bedroom,kitchen,and *** particular,we analyzed the duration of user occupancy and hourly mean occupancy,and characterized their regular and random *** to the results,we developed an event-based occupancy model using an inhomogeneous Markov chain,where the rooms were modeled and daily events were divided into three categories according to their *** established a new method for conversion between event characteristic parameters and a transition probability matrix,as well as an overlap avoidance method for active *** model was then validated using real *** results showed that the model performed well in terms of two evaluation *** model should improve the accuracy of simulations of occupancy.

关键词： event occupancy urban residential building simulation cold areas of China

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