The polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM) fuel cell has been regarded as a potential alternative power source,and a model is necessary for its design,control and power management.A hybrid dynamic model of PEM fuel cell,...
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The polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM) fuel cell has been regarded as a potential alternative power source,and a model is necessary for its design,control and power management.A hybrid dynamic model of PEM fuel cell,which combines the advantages of mechanism model and black-box model,is proposed in this *** improve the performance,the static neural network and variable neural network are used to build the black-box *** static neural network can significantly improve the static performance of the hybrid model,and the variable neural network makes the hybrid dynamic model predict the real PEM fuel cell behavior with required ***,the hybrid dynamic model is validated with a 500 W PEM fuel *** static and transient experiment results show that the hybrid dynamic model can predict the behavior of the fuel cell stack accurately and therefore can be effectively utilized in practical application.
In this paper, a method for a sort of nonlinear system identification with stochastic time-varying parameter is investigated. This kind of nonlinear systems is referring to the system where probability density functio...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781509009107
In this paper, a method for a sort of nonlinear system identification with stochastic time-varying parameter is investigated. This kind of nonlinear systems is referring to the system where probability density functions(PDFs) of the parameters are known. This parameter identification and states estimation method is realized based on expectation maximization(EM) algorithm and particle filter. Firstly, parameter particles are generated randomly according to the PDF of parameter. Secondly, the particle filter is employed to estimate system states corresponding to each group of the parameters, and the weight of each group parameters is calculated according to the Bayesian theory. Then the new iteration of parameter is obtained by adopting the expectation maximization algorithm. Lastly, the real parameters are obtained along with system operation. Numerical illustrations are presented to exhibit the effectiveness of the method proposed herein, and the performance of the method is examined.
Dynamic image stabilization precision of an optical image-stable device is a key technical ***,a fast dynamic image stabilization precision test system for an optical image-stable device is developed.A large-aperture ...
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Dynamic image stabilization precision of an optical image-stable device is a key technical ***,a fast dynamic image stabilization precision test system for an optical image-stable device is developed.A large-aperture collimator with a designed cross divisional board is used to simulate the infinity *** image-stable device is installed on the motion simulator with six degrees of freedom which is used to simulate the moving state of the *** CCD camera installed behind the eyepiece lens of the image-stable device acquires images rapidly and in real *** local energy maxima center of the cross light spot can be acquired accurately through the proposed algorithm using the Hessian *** addition,to deal with the CCD non-uniformity,an adaptive non-uniformity correction algorithm based on bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition is *** actual test results for the proposed method show that the test error of dynamic image stabilization is less than 0.7,and the time for the frame image acquisition and processing is less than 10 ms,which demonstrates the effectiveness of the test system.
This paper proposes a new biologically inspired emotional attention model to expand existing visual attention models by considering emotional impact on *** our work,we combine color emotion activity and emotional arou...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781467349970
This paper proposes a new biologically inspired emotional attention model to expand existing visual attention models by considering emotional impact on *** our work,we combine color emotion activity and emotional arousal with visual spatial *** the experiments,an affective picture dataset and an eye-tracking dataset are used to test our proposed *** results show that the performance of the emotional attention model is promising.
Wheel-quadrupled combines individual benefits of wheeled robot and legged robot and has excellent adaption to terrain,which has become research highlights of robot fields these *** this paper,the basic static walking ...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538629185
Wheel-quadrupled combines individual benefits of wheeled robot and legged robot and has excellent adaption to terrain,which has become research highlights of robot fields these *** this paper,the basic static walking pattern of robot is determined,and the attitude angles and the position of COG(center of gravity) are adjusted to enhance the stability and ability of robot to traverse the rough *** order to simplify and establish model for rough terrain,we propose an estimation method of terrain based on the position of stance phase and the body attitude,as well as calculate the target attitude angle of the trunk in this *** then the smooth transition of foot-laying positions is guaranteed by planning the adjustment ***,the simulation results illustrate that the proposed method is able to adapt robot to different types of unknown rough terrains.
The position tracking control problem of electrical cylinder in the presence of nonlinear friction load, inertia load and nonlinear disturbance due to its transmission process is addressed in this paper. To compensate...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9781538629185
The position tracking control problem of electrical cylinder in the presence of nonlinear friction load, inertia load and nonlinear disturbance due to its transmission process is addressed in this paper. To compensate all of these disturbances in the case of servo motion, active disturbance rejection control is used to make a continuous and precise transition. Tracking differentiator is used for arranging the transition process to avoid overshoot. Extended state observer is built to estimate the unmeasurable internal disturbance, parametric uncertainties and external uncertainty for a guaranteed robust performance. Nonlinear state error feedback is designed to combine the error feedbacks more reasonable. Simulation and experimental results show that active disturbance rejection controller shows very strong robustness and adaptability compared with traditional PID control algorithm.
Networked controlsystems(NCSs)are facing a great challenge from the limitation of network communication ***-triggered control(ETC)is often used to reduce the amount of communication while still keeping a satisfactory...
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Networked controlsystems(NCSs)are facing a great challenge from the limitation of network communication ***-triggered control(ETC)is often used to reduce the amount of communication while still keeping a satisfactory performance of the system,by transmitting the measurements only when an event-triggered condition is ***,some network-induced problems would happen inevitably,such as communication delay and packet loss,which can degrade the control performance significantly and can even lead to *** this paper,a periodic event-triggered NCS considering both time-varying delay and packet loss is *** system is discretized into a piecewise linear system with *** the model is handled by a polytopic over-approximation method to be more suitable for stability ***,stability conditions are obtained and presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs).The result is illustrated by a numerical example.
SiGe materials have become a research hotspot due to their important applications in semiconductor devices, especially in optoelectronic and high-speed electronic devices. In this study, based on molecular dynamics si...
SiGe materials have become a research hotspot due to their important applications in semiconductor devices, especially in optoelectronic and high-speed electronic devices. In this study, based on molecular dynamics simulations, the influence of the Si buffer layer on the quality of films in Ge/Si/SiGe heterostructures is investigated. By simulating the growth process of the Ge/Si/SiGe heterostructure, a deposition model based on Ge(100) substrates is established. Inspired by the concept of reverse gradient buffer layers, Si buffer layers are directly grown on Ge substrates, followed by the deposition of SiGe films. This study primarily investigates the effects of the growth temperature and deposition thickness of the Si buffer layer on the quality of SiGe films. Based on the deposition parameters identified as suitable under the current simulation conditions (620 °C, 9.7 nm), the influence of the buffer layer on SiGe films with varying Ge compositions is further analyzed. The results show that the dislocations and stacking faults formed in the Si buffer layer effectively relieve the stress caused by lattice mismatch, thus improving the crystal quality of the subsequent SiGe films. This study provides theoretical insights into the Ge/Si/SiGe heterostructure film growth process, which helps enhance the quality of SiGe films and expands their applications in semiconductor devices.
There is an explicit and implicit assumption in multimodal traffic equilibrium models, that is, if the equilibrium exists, then it will also occur. The assumption is very idealized; in fact, it may be shown that the q...
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There is an explicit and implicit assumption in multimodal traffic equilibrium models, that is, if the equilibrium exists, then it will also occur. The assumption is very idealized; in fact, it may be shown that the quite contrary could happen, because in multimodal traffic network, especially in mixed traffic conditions the interaction among traffic modes is asymmetric and the asymmetric interaction may result in the instability of traffic system. In this paper, to study the stability of multimodal traffic system, we respectively present the travel cost function in mixed traffic conditions and in traffic network with dedicated bus lanes. Based on a day-to-day dynamical model, we study the evolution of daily route choice of travelers in multimodal traffic network using 10000 random initial values for different cases. From the results of simulation, it can be concluded that the asymmetric interaction between the cars and buses in mixed traffic conditions can lead the traffic system to instability when traffic demand is larger. We also study the effect of travelers' perception error on the stability of multimodal traffic network. Although the larger perception error can alleviate the effect of interaction between cars and buses and improve the stability of traffic system in mixed traffic conditions, the traffic system also become instable when the traffic demand is larger than a number. For all cases simulated in this study, with the same parameters, traffic system with dedicated bus lane has better stability for traffic demand than that in mixed traffic conditions. We also find that the network with dedicated bus lane has higher portion of travelers by bus than it of mixed traffic network. So it can be concluded that building dedicated bus lane can improve the stability of traffic system and attract more travelers to choose bus reducing the traffic congestion.
The traffic bottleneck plays a key role in most of the natural and artificial network. Here we present a simply model for bottleneck dynamical characteristics consideration the reliability on the complex network by ta...
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The traffic bottleneck plays a key role in most of the natural and artificial network. Here we present a simply model for bottleneck dynamical characteristics consideration the reliability on the complex network by taking into account the network topology characteristics and system size. We find that there is a critical rate of flow generation below which the network traffic is free but above which traffic congestion occurs. Also, it is found that random networks have larger critical flow generating rate than scale free ones. Analytical results may be practically useful for designing networks, especially for the urban traffic network.
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