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Ionic liquid catalyzed solvent-free synthesis of chalcone and its derivatives under mild conditions

Chinese Journal of Chemical engineering 2021年第5期34卷 160-166页

作者： Qiu Zhao Gang Wang Fuxia Liao Yifan Sha Fei Xu Chunshan Li Zengxi Li Yijun Cao School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsBeijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean ProcessInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Chemical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

An ionic liquid(IL)catalyzed solvent-free process was developed for the direct synthesis of chalcone and its derivatives by using substituted acetophenones and benzaldehydes via aldol reaction under mild conditions.A series of acidic and basic ILs were selected and *** influences of cations and reaction conditions on product yield and selectivity were systematically ***[Bmim]OH was identified as the optimal IL,with the highest yield and selectivity reaching up to 96.7% and 100%,respectively.A reaction mechanism-based kinetic model was established and regressed with experimental data,revealing the β-Hydroxylketone dehydrolysis with activation barrier of 37.8 kJ·mol^(-1) was observed as the ratecontrolling step.

关键词： Ionic liquid Chalcone Aldol reaction Kinetic model

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3D Object Pose Estimation Based on End-to-End Differentiable Perspective Projection 43

3D Object Pose Estimation Based on End-to-End Differentiable...

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43rd Chinese Control Conference, CCC 2024

作者： Cai, Yuheng Xu, Chi China University of Geosciences School of Automation Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan430074 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789887581581

Locating 3D objects from a single RGB image via perspective projection is a long-standing problem in computer vision. Inspired by differentiable geometry methods in the field of camera relocation, we apply this neural network combined with differentiable perspective projection to form an end-to-end architecture to the field of object position estimation through object 3D reconstruction methods. The proposed method uses a differentiable LM algorithm for end-to-end pose estimation to achieve higher accuracy, and the gradient is passed back to the neural network to guide its learning. At the same time, we propose a virtual view generation algorithm for augmenting the data to improve the algorithm's sensitivity to the size of the co-vision region. Through experiments, we prove the effectiveness of our method. © 2024 Technical Committee on Control Theory, Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Neural networks

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Steps Toward Industry 5.0:Building“6S”Parallel Industries With Cyber-Physical-Social Intelligence

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2023年第8期10卷 1692-1703页

作者： Xingxia Wang Jing Yang Yutong Wang Qinghai Miao Fei-Yue Wang Aijun Zhao Jian-Ling Deng Lingxi Li Xiaoxiang Na Ljubo Vlacic School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China State Key Laboratory of Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Systems Institute of AutomationChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China IEEE Macao University of Science and Technology Macao 999078China Beijing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Systems and Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100098 State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China North Automatic Control Technology Institute Taiyuan 030006China China Huaneng Group Co. Ltd.Beijing 100031China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis(IUPUI)IndianapolisIN 46202 USA Department of Engineering University of CambridgeCambridgeCB21PZUK School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLD 4222Australia

Very recently,intensive discussions and studies on Industry 5.0 have sprung up and caused the attention of researchers,entrepreneurs,and policymakers from various sectors around the ***,there is no consensus on why and what is Industry 5.0 *** this paper,we define Industry 5.0from its philosophical and historical origin and evolution,emphasize its new thinking on virtual-real duality and human-machine interaction,and introduce its new theory and technology based on parallel intelligence(PI),artificial societies,computational experiments,and parallel execution(the ACP method),and cyber-physical-social systems(CPSS).Case studies and applications of Industry 5.0 over the last decade have been briefly summarized and analyzed with suggestions for its future *** believe that Industry 5.0 of virtual-real interactive parallel industries has great potentials and is critical for building smart *** are outlined to ensure a roadmap that would lead to a smooth transition from CPS-based Industry 4.0 to CPSS-based Industry 5.0 for a better world which is Safe in physical spaces,S ecure in cyberspaces,Sustainable in ecology,Sensitive in individual privacy and rights,Service for all,and Smartness of all.

关键词： ACP artificial intelligence CPS CPSS Industry 4.0 Industry 5.0 parallel industries parallel intelligence

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A Detector-Free Image Matching Method based on Enhanced Feature Fusion 43

A Detector-Free Image Matching Method based on Enhanced Feat...

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43rd Chinese Control Conference, CCC 2024

作者： Chen, Ziyang Xu, Chi China University of Geosciences School of Automation Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan430074 China Ministry of Eduction Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789887581581

Image feature matching is an important research field in computer vision that can be widely applied to advanced vision tasks, such as 3D reconstruction and visual tracking. Considering the low matching accuracy and poor robustness of traditional detector-based matching methods on weakly textured images, we propose a detector-free image matching method based on enhanced feature fusion. Given that weak texture images consist of a large number of similar or irregular pixels, we introduce a new model that enhances feature fusion to recover the underlying texture information of the image. First, we propose a bidirectional fusion model to extract multi-scale feature maps and add an initialization module to correlate the feature maps and enhance the representation ability of the backbone. Then, we perform feature transformation using the quadtree attention model and finally establish dense pixel-by-pixel matching at both coarse and fine scales. The quadtree attention model employs a hierarchical computational attention method, accurately capturing image details and remote dependencies while ensuring linear complexity. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves higher matching accuracy and better generalization on large datasets such as MegaDepth and ScanNet, making it suitable for subsequent work. © 2024 Technical Committee on Control Theory, Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Image matching

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Enabling Few-Shot Learning with PID Control: A Layer Adaptive Optimizer 41

Enabling Few-Shot Learning with PID Control: A Layer Adaptiv...

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41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Yu, Le Li, Xinde Zhang, Pengfei Zhang, Zhentong Dunkin, Fir School of Automation Southeast University Nanjing China Nanjing Center for Applied Mathematics Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Ministry of Education Southeast University Nanjing China Southeast University Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen China

Model-Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML) and its variants have shown remarkable performance in scenarios characterized by a scarcity of labeled data during the training phase of machine learning models. Despite these successes, MAML-based approaches encounter significant challenges when there is a substantial discrepancy in the distribution of training and testing tasks, resulting in inefficient learning and limited generalization across domains. Inspired by classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control theory, this study introduces a Layer-Adaptive PID (LA-PID) Optimizer, a MAML-based optimizer that employs efficient parameter optimization methods to dynamically adjust task-specific PID control gains at each layer of the network, conducting a first-principles analysis of optimal convergence conditions. A series of experiments conducted on four standard benchmark datasets demonstrate the efficacy of the LA-PID optimizer, indicating that LA-PID achieves state-of-the-art performance in few-shot classification and cross-domain tasks, accomplishing these objectives with fewer training steps. Code is available on https://***/yuguopin/LA-PID. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

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Animatable Human Neural Radiance Field from Sparse Images Captured by a Single Camera 43

Animatable Human Neural Radiance Field from Sparse Images Ca...

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43rd Chinese Control Conference, CCC 2024

作者： Yang, Qingru Xu, Chi China University of Geosciences School of Automation Wuhan430074 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Control and Intelligent Automation for Complex Systems Wuhan430074 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Geo-Exploration Ministry of Education Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789887581581

Recently, the use of neural radiance fields (NeRF) for three-dimensional reconstruction of humans has achieved high-quality view rendering. However, existing methods often rely on multiple or single videos as input, requiring dense images, and the rendering quality tends to be poor with sparse image inputs. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel method that solely utilizes sparse images captured by a single camera to create an animatable human neural radiance field, enabling the rendering of high-fidelity human images under arbitrary novel viewpoints and poses. Specifically, our method utilizes body poses and multi-view feature to build a deformable neural radiance field, and employs frequency-segmented positional encoding to mitigate overfitting during training process. Extensive quantitative and qualitative experiments demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms prior works. © 2024 Technical Committee on Control Theory, Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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Parallel Sensing in Metaverses: Virtual-Real Interactive Smart systems for “6S” Sensing

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第12期9卷 2047-2054页

作者： Yu Shen Yuhang Liu Yonglin Tian Xiaoxiang Na School of Artificial Intelligence University of Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100190China IEEE The State Key Laboratory for Management and Control of Complex Systems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Department of Engineering University of CambridgeTrumpington StreetCB21PZUnited Kingdom

In the construction of Metaverses,sensors that are referred to as the“bridge of information transmission”,play a key *** functionality and efficiency of today’s sensors,which operate in a manner similar to physical sensing,are frequently constrained by their hardware and *** this research,we proposed the Parallel Sensing framework,which includes background,concept,basic methods and typical application of parallel *** our formulation,sensors are redefined as the integration of real physical sensors and virtual software-defined sensors based on parallel intelligence,in order to boost the performance of the *** sensor will have a parallel counterpart in the virtual world within the framework of parallel *** sensors serve as the brain of sensors and maintain the same properties as physical *** sensing allows physical sensors to operate in discrete time periods to conserve energy,while cloud-based descriptive,predictive,and prescriptive sensors operate continuously to offer compensation data and serve as *** better illustrate parallel sensing concept,we show some example applications of parallel sensing such as parallel vision,parallel point cloud and parallel light fields,both of which are designed by construct virtual sensors to extend small real data to virtual big data and then boost the performance of perception *** results demonstrate the effective of parallel sensing *** interaction between the real and virtual worlds enables sensors to operate actively,allowing them to intelligently adapt to various scenarios and ultimately attain the goal of“Cognitive,Parallel,Crypto,Federated,Social and Ecologic”6S sensing.

关键词： Parallel Sensing Parallel Intelligence CPSS Metaverses Virtual and Real Interaction “6S”Sensing.

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Spatial-temporal structure functions in Burgers turbulence driven by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process

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Physical Review Fluids 2023年第4期8卷 044602-044602页

作者： Jin-Han Xie Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science College of Engineering State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex Systems Peking University Beijing 100871 China Joint Laboratory of Marine Hydrodynamics and Ocean Engineering Laoshan Laboratory Shandong 266237 China

We explore the spatial-temporal structure functions of Burgers turbulence driven by a temporal Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) process, where the characteristic time scale of the OU process is much larger than that of the energy flux across spatial scales. Based on the Kármán-Howarth-Monin equation and the temporal scale separation, we postulate an expression for the third-order spatial-temporal structure function away from the dissipation scale. This expression combines Kolmogorov's exact result of spatial structure function and the exponential temporal decay of the external force. We numerically justify this expression and find that the high-order structure functions also decay exponentially; however, the dependence of decay rates on order is different for the odd- and even-order structure functions. Comparing the OU-driven Burgers turbulence with that driven by temporal white noise, their spatial structure functions are identical when the energy injection rates are the same, which justifies Kolmogorov's theory, but these two systems' temporal structure functions differ. Also, the velocity probability density function in the OU-driven Burgers turbulence shows a bimodal distribution, contradicting the near-Gaussian distribution in white-noise-driven turbulence. Even though we lack a rigorous and general deviation of the dependence of the third-order structure function on the temporal statistics of the driving force, our results imply that one can obtain forcing temporal statistics using measured temporal data. However, inferring energy flux across spatial scales solely based on temporal information seems impossible.

关键词： Turbulence

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Diving into Continual Ultra-fine-grained Visual Categorization

Diving into Continual Ultra-fine-grained Visual Categorizati...

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2023 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications, DICTA 2023

作者： Zhang, Pengcheng Yu, Xiaohan Bai, Xiao Zheng, Jin Wu, Xiaoyu Gao, Yongsheng Beihang University School of Computer Science and Engineering State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Jiangxi Research Institute Beijing China Griffith University Institute for Integrated and Intelligent Systems Nathan4111 Australia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382204

Recent advance in ultra-fine-grained visual categorization (ultra-FGVC) has significantly boosted the capability of deep neural networks for ultra-FGVC tasks. However, building models for continually learning to recognize increasing ultra-fine-grained categories is still under-explored. This limits the application of ultra-FGVC techniques in real-world production. To this, we take the first attempt for continual ultra-FGVC. By evaluating existing continual learning methods on the constructed continual ultra-FGVC benchmark, we observe that the main bottleneck lies in the limited model plasticity for incrementally adapting to new tasks. This can be caused by excessive anti-forgetting constraints as the difficult ultra-FGVC task requires substantial update of parameters, and over-fitting on early tasks given that the ultra-fine-grained categories are with very few training samples. To tackle these problems, we propose a joint self-supervised learning and prompting model. The prompt-based continual learning framework offers proper anti-forgetting operation by fixed pretrained vision transformer and adaptive prompt selection. By jointly optimizing the learnable prompts with an adversarial self-supervised loss, the over-fitting on each continual learning task is mitigated. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing continual learning methods on the challenging continual ultra-FGVC problem. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Finite-Time Observer Based Integral Terminal SMC for Converter-Driven Motor systems with Mismatched Disturbances

Finite-Time Observer Based Integral Terminal SMC for Convert...

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2023 China Automation Congress, CAC 2023

作者： Zhang, Zhongding Guo, Zeyu Wang, Zuo Li, Shihua School of Automation Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Key Laboratory of Measurement and Control of Complex Systems of Engineering Ministry of Education Nanjing210096 China Shenzhen Research Institute Southeast University Shenzhen518063 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303759

Converter-driven motor systems play crucial roles in contemporary industrial applications owning to the advantages of smooth starting and stepless speed regulation. For such fourth-order systems with both immeasurable states and mismatched disturbances, a finite-time control solution is proposed to address the speed tracking problem in this paper. Firstly, a finite-time observer is constructed to precisely estimate the immeasurable states and mismatched disturbances. Then, based on integral terminal sliding mode control (ITSMC), a continuous finite-time controller is designed for the systems to achieve both rapid response and superior speed tracking performance. Furthermore, a rigorous global finite-time stability analysis for the closed-loop system is presented. Finally, simulation results validate the effectiveness of the proposed control method. As compared with existing methods, the composite ITSMC algorithm design demonstrates reliable finite-time speed tracking performance and exceptional capability in disturbance rejection. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Disturbance rejection

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