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SSRN 2023年

作者： Liang, Yanhua Qin, Guihe Sun, Minghui Qin, Jun Yan, Jie Zhang, Zhonghan College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China School of Computer Science and Technology Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun130012 China

Salient object detection in optical remote sensing images (RSI-SOD) aims to locate and extract visually discriminative objects or regions, which has attracted more and more attention from the community. The key challenge of RSI-SOD lies in the characteristics of optical RSIs, such as scale diversification of salient objects, irregular edges, and cluttered backgrounds. In this paper, we strive to embrace challenges towards effective and efficient RSI-SOD. To this end, we develop a framework, termed Adversarial Complementary Erasing Network (ACENet), which comprehensively mines discriminative features of different layers from foreground, background, local and global perspectives to perform robust and accurate saliency detection. Specifically, ACENet is a typical encoder-decoder structure that embeds Adversarial Erasing Synthesis Module (AESM) in multi-scale encoding features to fully explore more useful and complete representations. In AESM, we introduce Adversarial Discriminant Information Mining (ADIM) component to facilitate adaptive adjustment between salient features and background, further enabling more representative and strong integrity feature generation. Experimental results on three datasets prove that our ACENet significantly outperforms cutting-edge SOD models both qualitatively and quantitatively with a quick reasoning speed of 76 FPS. Code will be available at https://***/Liangyh18/ACENet. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical remote sensing

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U-HRMLP: Refining Segmentation Boundaries in Histopathology Images

U-HRMLP: Refining Segmentation Boundaries in Histopathology ...

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IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging

作者： Tao Wang Kai Zhang Weijie Wang Mingrui Ma Ye Zhang He Zhao Guixia Liu College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University China School of Information Science and Engineering Shandong Normal University China Department of Information Engineering and Computer Science University of Trento Italy Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming University of Science and Technology China School of Information Science and Technology Northeast Normal University China

ISBN: (数字)9798350313338

ISBN: (纸本)9798350313345

Segmenting regions of interest in histopathology images is a critical prerequisite for biomedical applications. CNN-based models have advanced medical image segmentation, yet accurately delineating boundaries is still challenging. This challenge arises from the loss of spatial resolution due to downsampling and the complexity of capturing contextual information when upsampling to the original resolution. To address these issues, we design U-HRMLP, a U-shaped network based on a hybrid combination of HRNet and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). Specifically, we propose a multi-scale feature fusion module to avoid the loss of image resolution in the encoding stage as much as possible. Simultaneously, we propose an MLP-based decoding block to recover image details and resolution progressively, alleviating the issues related to the inadequate segmentation of smaller objects and the blurring of tissue boundaries. Results on the MoNuSeg and GlaS datasets demonstrate that U-HRMLP outperforms conventional or transformer-based methods and achieves state-of- the-art performance.

关键词： Measurement Image segmentation Histopathology Biological system modeling Semantics Refining Transformers

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Joint-Motion Mutual Learning for Pose Estimation in Videos

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wu, Sifan Chen, Haipeng Yin, Yifang Hu, Sihao Feng, Runyang Jiao, Yingying Yang, Ziqi Liu, Zhenguang College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun China A*STAR Singapore Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta United States School of Artificial Intelligence Jilin University Changchun China The State Key Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Security Zhejiang University Hangzhou China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China Institute of Blockchain and Data Security Hangzhou China

Human pose estimation in videos has long been a compelling yet challenging task within the realm of computer vision. Nevertheless, this task remains difficult because of the complex video scenes, such as video defocus and self-occlusion. Recent methods strive to integrate multi-frame visual features generated by a backbone network for pose estimation. However, they often ignore the useful joint information encoded in the initial heatmap, which is a byproduct of the backbone generation. Comparatively, methods that attempt to refine the initial heatmap fail to consider any spatiotemporal motion features. As a result, the performance of existing methods for pose estimation falls short due to the lack of ability to leverage both local joint (heatmap) information and global motion (feature) dynamics. To address this problem, we propose a novel joint-motion mutual learning framework for pose estimation, which effectively concentrates on both local joint dependency and global pixel-level motion dynamics. Specifically, we introduce a context-aware joint learner that adaptively leverages initial heatmaps and motion flow to retrieve robust local joint feature. Given that local joint feature and global motion flow are complementary, we further propose a progressive joint-motion mutual learning that synergistically exchanges information and interactively learns between joint feature and motion flow to improve the capability of the model. More importantly, to capture more diverse joint and motion cues, we theoretically analyze and propose an information orthogonality objective to avoid learning redundant information from multi-cues. Empirical experiments show our method outperforms prior arts on three challenging benchmarks. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Motion estimation

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Event Prediction Model Combining Ordinary Differential Equation and Hypernetworks

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Zhang, Junhe Ma, Fuyuan Wang, Xin Yang, Bo Wang, Ying College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Jilin Changchun130012 China College of Artificial Intelligence Jilin University Jilin Changchun130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering Jilin University Ministry of Education Jilin Changchun130012 China

Modeling the temporal evolution patterns of network events is crucial for enhancing user experience and creating commercial value. Existing methods combine graph neural networks and time-series models to capture spatial and temporal features, but they assume non-interaction among nodes when the network structure is stable, implying that node states do not undergo updates. Moreover, utilizing a single model to fit all events in these methods may lead to an excessive emphasis on global evolutionary patterns, potentially neglecting the individual heterogeneity among events. In this paper, we propose an event prediction model combining Ordinary Differential Equations and Hypernetworks, named ODEH. Firstly, to model the continuous evolution process of network structures under stability, we utilize ordinary differential equations based on graph neural networks to capture the continuous information dissemination among nodes and the interaction between node representation channels. Then, we use a message passing mechanism to model the direct impact of network topology changes on network entities. Finally, a hypernetwork is used to capture the individual characteristics of events and fine-tune the prediction model. Experimental results on multiple datasets demonstrate ODEH's superiority over baseline methods, highlighting its effectiveness in event prediction. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Enhancing Long-and Short-Term Representations for Next POI Recommendations via Frequency and Hierarchical Contrastive Learning 39

Enhancing Long-and Short-Term Representations for Next POI R...

引用

39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Chen, Jiajie Sang, Yu Zhang, Peng-Fei Wang, Jiaan Qu, Jianfeng Li, Zhixu School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou China School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Jiangnan University China School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Queensland Australia School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing China Renmin University of China Suzhou China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University China

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

Next POI recommendation aids users in predicting their destinations of interest and plays an increasingly vital role in location-based social services. Recent works focus on analyzing both long-term and short-term interests in POI recommendation to gain a deeper understanding of user profiles. However, these methods for modeling long-term user's sequences primarily rely on the Transformer model, which functions as a low-pass filter, often leading to the loss of high-frequency information. Additionally, long-term and short-term sequences are typically modeled independently, with short-term sequences often defined solely by the most recent check-ins, overlooking their interactions and dependencies. Therefore, we propose Enhancing Long-and Short-Term Representations for Next POI Recommendations via Frequency and Hierarchical Contrastive Learning (FHCRec). FHCRec captures both high-frequency and low-frequency information in long-term sequences to model richer long-term user's preference representations. Moreover, it harnesses the characteristics of the short-term subsequences embedded within long-term sequences to enhance short-term preference characterization via local and global hierarchical contrastive learning, resulting in more personalized short-term preferences. The enhanced long-term and short-term preferences are integrated to improve model recommendation performance. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. Copyright © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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AMPCliff: quantitative definition and benchmarking of activity cliffs in antimicrobial peptides

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Kewei Wu, Yuqian Li, Yinheng Guo, Yutong Wang, Yan Liang, Yiyang Fan, Yusi Huang, Lan Zhang, Ruochi Zhou, Fengfeng College of Computer Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Jilin Changchun130012 China School of Software Jilin University Jilin Changchun130012 China School of Life Sciences Jilin University Jilin Changchun130012 China Department of Computer Science Columbia University 116th and Broadway New York CityNY10027 United States School of Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Jilin Changchun130012 China School of Biology and Engineering Guizhou Medical University Guizhou Guiyang550025 China School of Computer Engineering Changchun University of Engineering Jilin Changchun130103 China Changchun Wenli High School Jilin Changchun130062 China

Since the mechanism of action of drug molecules in the human body is difficult to reproduce in the in vitro environment, it becomes difficult to reveal the causes of the activity cliff phenomenon of drug molecules. We found out the AC of small molecules has been extensively investigated but limited knowledge is accumulated about the AC phenomenon in peptides with canonical amino acids. Understanding the mechanism of AC in canonical amino acids might help understand the one in drug molecules. This study introduces a quantitative definition and benchmarking framework AMPCliff for the AC phenomenon in antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) composed by canonical amino acids. A comprehensive analysis of the existing AMP dataset reveals a significant prevalence of AC within AMPs. AMPCliff quantifies the activities of AMPs by the MIC, and defines 0.9 as the minimum threshold for the normalized BLOSUM62 similarity score between a pair of aligned peptides with at least two-fold MIC changes. This study establishes a benchmark dataset of paired AMPs in Staphylococcus aureus from the publicly available AMP dataset GRAMPA, and conducts a rigorous procedure to evaluate various AMP AC prediction models, including nine machine learning, four deep learning algorithms, four masked language models, and four generative language models. Our analysis reveals that these models are capable of detecting AMP AC events and the pre-trained protein language model ESM2 demonstrates superior performance across the evaluations. The predictive performance of AMP activity cliffs remains to be further improved, considering that ESM2 with 33 layers only achieves the Spearman correlation coefficient 0.4669 for the regression task of the MIC values on the benchmark dataset. Source code and additional resources are available at https://***/supp/or https://***/Kewei2023/AMPCliff-generation. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Deep learning

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PBCounter: Weighted Model Counting on Pseudo-Boolean Formulas

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lai, Yong Xu, Zhenghang Yin, Minghao College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China School of Computer Science and Information Technology Northeast Normal University Changchun130017 China

In Weighted Model Counting (WMC), we assign weights to literals and compute the sum of the weights of the models of a given propositional formula where the weight of an assignment is the product of the weights of its literals. The current WMC solvers work on Conjunctive Normal Form (CNF) formulas. However, CNF is not a natural representation for human-being in many applications. Motivated by the stronger expressive power of pseudo-Boolean (PB) formulas than CNF, we propose to perform WMC on PB formulas. Based on a recent dynamic programming algorithm framework called ADDMC for WMC, we implement a weighted PB counting tool PBCounter. We compare PBCounter with the state-of-the-art weighted model counters SharpSAT-TD, ExactMC, D4, and ADDMC, where the latter tools work on CNF with encoding methods that convert PB constraints into a CNF formula. The experiments on three domains of benchmarks show that PBCounter is superior to the model counters on CNF formulas. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Dynamic programming

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Complementary knowledge Compilation Using the Hyper Extension Rule

引用

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2019年第2期28卷 259-265页

作者： NIU Dangdang LIU Lei LYU Shuai XU Yue College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University

We introduce the concept of Complementary formula(COMF), which is a new and non-equivalent way for knowledge compilation(KC). Based on the Hyper extension rule(HER) which is an expansion of Extension rule(ER), we design a compilation algorithm which can formula compile each Conjunctive normal form(CNF)formula to complementary Fully complementary connected diagram(c-FCCD), named as C2C(CNF formula to cFCCD). Theoretically, c-FCCD is a kind of complementary formulae of the input formulae and can support all queries and partial transformations in KC map. Experimentally,C2C is competitive with the EPCCL compilers KCER,C2E, UKCHER, DKCHER and IKCHER.

关键词： knowledge compilation Extension rule Hyper extension rule Compilation language Each pair contains complementary literals(EPCCL) theory

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Multimodal Medical Image Feature Representation and Fusion for AD Early Diagnosis

Multimodal Medical Image Feature Representation and Fusion f...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Jing Qu Ying Qu Xueliang Bai Lanxin Xu Han Wang Guixia Liu College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun China College of Science North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan China School of Information Science and Technology Institute of Computational Biology Northeast Normal University Changchun China

ISBN: (数字)9798350386226

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386233

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is progressive and gets worse with time. Early detection is an effective treatment for the disease, which can timely implement effective interventions. The multi-modal medical image contains more comprehensive and abundant information about the disease, which can reflect the different aspects of AD and reduce the potential bias in single-modal diagnosis. However, an effective and reliable solution is still lacking, which can integrate multimodal neuroimaging effectively for the precision diagnosis and treatment of AD. In this work, we proposed a feature representation and fusion model of MRI and PET scans based on a multiscale convolution network and cross-attention for AD early diagnosis, named camAD. Compared with the existing models, camAD performs better with fewer pre-processing steps. Using the Alzheimer’s disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) datasets, we demonstrated that integrating multi-modality data outperforms single-modality models in accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, AUC, and F1 scores. Our models exhibited significantly good accuracy and generality in four classification tasks, which provided a promising way to understand the underlying mechanisms of the disorder's progression.

关键词： Neuroimaging Accuracy Sensitivity Convolution Magnetic resonance imaging Feature extraction Data models Reliability Alzheimer's disease Medical diagnostic imaging

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Multimodal Hypothetical Summary for Retrieval-based Multi-image Question Answering 39

Multimodal Hypothetical Summary for Retrieval-based Multi-im...

引用

39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Li, Peize Si, Qingyi Fu, Peng Lin, Zheng Wang, Yan School of Artificial Intelligence Jilin University Changchun China Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. Beijing China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Symbol Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun China

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

Retrieval-based multi-image question answering (QA) task involves retrieving multiple question-related images and synthesizing these images to generate an answer. Conventional "retrieve-then-answer" pipelines often suffer from cascading errors because the training objective of QA fails to optimize the retrieval stage. To address this issue, we propose a novel method to effectively introduce and reference retrieved information into the QA. Given the image set to be retrieved, we employ a multimodal large language model (visual perspective) and a large language model (textual perspective) to obtain multimodal hypothetical summary in question-form and description-form. By combining visual and textual perspectives, MHyS captures image content more specifically and replaces real images in retrieval, which eliminates the modality gap by transforming into text-to-text retrieval and helps improve retrieval. To more advantageously introduce retrieval with QA, we employ contrastive learning to align queries (questions) with MHyS. Moreover, we propose a coarse-to-fine strategy for calculating both sentence-level and word-level similarity scores, to further enhance retrieval and filter out irrelevant details. Our approach achieves a 3.7% absolute improvement over state-of-the-art methods on RETVQA and a 14.5% improvement over CLIP. Comprehensive experiments and detailed ablation studies demonstrate the superiority of our method. © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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