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arXiv 2023年

作者： Pu, Hua Mi, Jiacong Lu, Shan He, Jieyue School of Computer Science and Engineering Key Lab of Computer Network and Information Integration MOE Southeast University Jiangsu Nanjing210018 China Nanjing Fenghuo Tiandi Communication Technology Co. Ltd Jiangsu Nanjing211161 China

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription is the most critical form of TCM treatment, and uncovering the complex nonlinear relationship between symptoms and TCM is of great significance for clinical practice and assisting physicians in diagnosis and treatment. Although there have been some studies on TCM prescription generation, these studies consider a single factor and directly model the symptom-prescription generation problem mainly based on symptom descriptions, lacking guidance from TCM knowledge. To this end, we propose a RoBERTa and Knowledge Enhancement model for Prescription Generation of Traditional Chinese Medicine (RoKEPG). RoKEPG is firstly pre-trained by our constructed TCM corpus, followed by fine-tuning the pre-trained model, and the model is guided to generate TCM prescriptions by introducing four classes of knowledge of TCM through the attention mask matrix. Experimental results on the publicly available TCM prescription dataset show that RoKEPG improves the F1 metric by about 2% over the baseline model with the best results. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Diagnosis

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Label distribution for learning with noisy labels 29

Label distribution for learning with noisy labels

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29th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2020

作者： Liu, Yun-Peng Xu, Ning Zhang, Yu Geng, Xin MOE Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration China School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780999241165

The performances of deep neural networks (DNNs) crucially rely on the quality of labeling. In some situations, labels are easily corrupted, and therefore become noisy labels. Thus, designing algorithms that deal with noisy labels is of great importance for learning robust DNNs. However, it is difficult to distinguish between noisy labels and clean labels, which becomes the bottleneck of many methods. To address the problem, this paper proposes a novel method named Label Distribution based Confidence Estimation (LDCE). LDCE estimates the confidence of the observed labels based on label distribution. Then, the boundary between clean labels and noisy labels becomes clear according to confidence scores. To verify the effectiveness of the method, LDCE is combined with the existing learning algorithm to train robust DNNs. Experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets substantiate the superiority of the proposed algorithm against state-of-the-art methods. © 2020 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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PE: A Poincare Explanation Method for Fast Text Hierarchy Generation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Chen, Qian Li, Dongyang He, Xiaofeng Li, Hongzhao Yi, Hongyu School of Computer Science and Technology East China Normal University Shanghai China NPPA Key Laboratory of Publishing Integration Development ECNUP Shanghai China Sichuan Caizi Software Information Network Co. Ltd China

The black-box nature of deep learning models in NLP hinders their widespread application. The research focus has shifted to Hierarchical Attribution (HA) for its ability to model feature interactions. Recent works model non-contiguous combinations with a time-costly greedy search in Eculidean spaces, neglecting underlying linguistic information in feature representations. In this work, we introduce a novel method, namely Poincare Explanation (PE), for modeling feature interactions with hyperbolic spaces in a time efficient manner. Specifically, we take building text hierarchies as finding spanning trees in hyperbolic spaces. First we project the embeddings into hyperbolic spaces to elicit inherit semantic and syntax hierarchical structures. Then we propose a simple yet effective strategy to calculate Shapley score. Finally we build the the hierarchy with proving the constructing process in the projected space could be viewed as building a minimum spanning tree and introduce a time efficient building algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Data-consistent Unsupervised Diffusion Model for Metal Artifact Reduction

Data-consistent Unsupervised Diffusion Model for Metal Artif...

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IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)

作者： Zhan Tong Zhan Wu Yang Yang Weilong Mao Shijie Wang Yinsheng Li Yang Chen Laboratory of Image Science and Technology Southeast University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration Southeast University Ministry of Education Nanjing China Research Center for Medical Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen China Jiangsu Provincial Joint International Research Laboratory of Medical Information Processing the Laboratory of Image Science and Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering and the Key Laboratory of New Generation Artificial Intelligence Technology and Its Interdisciplinary Applications Nanjing China

Computed Tomography (CT) is an imaging technique widely used in clinical diagnosis. However, high-attenuation metallic implants result in the obstruction of low-energy Xrays and further lead to metal artifacts in the reconstructed CT images. Deep supervised model-based metal artifact reduction(MAR) approaches are limited in clinical applications due to the difficulty in obtaining paired artifact-affected and artifactfree data. Furthermore, these model-based methods lack the consideration of data consistency in the sinogram-domain to perform exact metal trace inpainting. To address these challenges, we propose a Data-consistent unsupErVised diffusiOn model for meTal artifact rEDuction, called DEVOTED-Net. First, DEVOTED-Net leverages prior knowledge to guide the conditional diffusion model for fine-grained metal trace inpainting. Second, an unsupervised MAR framework is designed in the reverse process for the unknown metal traces restoration in the sinogram domain. Third, to further enhance the sinogram-domain data consistency, physics-based consistency constraint loss including conjugateray consistency loss and accumulation-ray consistency loss is designed. Extensive experiments are carried out to verify the performance of our algorithm on the publicly available dataset and clinical experimental dataset. This efficient, accurate, and reliable MAR approach holds great potential in clinics.

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Slnspeech: Solving Extended Speech Separation Problem with the Help of Sign Language

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Wu, Jiasong Li, Xuan Li, Taotao Meng, Fanman Kong, Youyong Yang, Guanyu Senhadji, Lotfi Shu, Huazhong Laboratory of Image Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration Southeast University Ministry of Education Nanjing210096 China Jiangsu Provincial Joint International Research Laboratory of Medical Information Processing Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Univ Rennes INSERM LTSI - UMR 1099 RennesF-35000 France Univ Rennes INSERM RennesF-35000 France

Previous audio-visual speech separation methods use the synchronization of the speaker's facial movement and speech in the video to supervise the speech separation in a self-supervised way. In this paper, we propose a model to solve the speech separation problem assisted by both face and sign language, which we call the extended speech separation problem. We design a general deep learning network for learning the combination of three modalities, audio, face, and sign language information, for better solving the speech separation problem. To train the model, we introduce a large-scale dataset named the Sign Language News Speech (SLNSpeech) dataset in which three modalities of audio, face, and sign language coexist. Experiment results show that the proposed model has better performance and robustness than the usual audio-visual system. Besides, sign language modality can also be used alone to supervise speech separation task, and the introduction of sign language is helpful for hearing-impaired people to learn and communicate. Last, our model is a general speech separation framework and can achieve very competitive separation performance on two open-source audio-visual datasets. The code is available at https://***/iveveive/SLNSpeech. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Audition

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TSUnet-CC: Temporal Spectrogram Unet embedding Cross Channel-wise attention mechanism for MDD identification

TSUnet-CC: Temporal Spectrogram Unet embedding Cross Channel...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： C. Yang Z. Sun F. Zhang H. Shu J. Li W. Xiang Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration of Ministry of Education Southeast University China Jiangsu Provincal Joint International Research Laboratory of Medical Information Processing Southeast University China Centre de Recherche en Information Biomédicale Sino-français Southeast University China Université de Rennes 1 France Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Smart Wearable and Rehabilitation Devices School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China

Automatic detection of major depressive disorder (MDD) with multiple-channel electroencephalography (EEG) signals is of great significance for treatment of the mental diseases. In a U-net network, clear EEG signals are fed to obtain temporal feature tensor through encoder and decoder networks with several convolution operations. Moreover, the clear EEG signals can be converted into multi-scale spectrogram to obtain the rich saliency information and then the spectrogram feature tensor can be extracted by another symmetrical U-net. The temporal and spectrogram feature tensors can provide more comprehensive information, but may also contain redundant information, which may affect the detection of MDD. To deal with such issue, this paper proposed a novel Temporal Spectrogram Unet (TSUnet-CC), which embeds the cross channel-wise attention mechanism for multiple-channel EEGbased MDD identification. We make three novel contributions: 1) multi-scale saliency-encoded spectrogram using Fourierbased approach to capture rich saliency information under different scales, 2) TSUnet network using a symmetrical twostream U-net architecture that learns multiple temporal and spectrogram feature tensors in time and frequency domains, and 3) cross channel-wise block enabling the larger weights of key feature channels that contain MDD information. The leaveone-subject-out experiments show that our proposed TSUnetCC gains high performance with a classification accuracy up to 98.55% and 99.22% in eyes closed and eyes open datasets, which outperformed some state-of-the-art methods and revealed its clinical potential.

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External Reliable information-enhanced Multimodal Contrastive Learning for Fake News Detection

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Cao, Biwei Wu, Qihang Cao, Jiuxin Liu, Bo Gui, Jie School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing211189 China Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Ministry of Education of China Nanjing211189 China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing210000 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing211189 China Engineering Research Center of Blockchain Application Supervision And Management Southeast University Ministry of Education China

With the rapid development of the Internet, the information dissemination paradigm has changed and the efficiency has been improved greatly. While this also brings the quick spread of fake news and leads to negative impacts on cyberspace. Currently, the information presentation formats have evolved gradually, with the news formats shifting from texts to multimodal contents. As a result, detecting multimodal fake news has become one of the research hotspots. However, multimodal fake news detection research field still faces two main challenges: the inability to fully and effectively utilize multimodal information for detection, and the low credibility or static nature of the introduced external information, which limits dynamic updates. To bridge the gaps, we propose ERIC-FND, an external reliable information-enhanced multimodal contrastive learning framework for fake news detection. ERIC-FND strengthens the representation of news contents by entity-enriched external information enhancement method. It also enriches the multimodal news information via multimodal semantic interaction method where the multimodal constrative learning is employed to make different modality representations learn from each other. Moreover, an adaptive fusion method is taken to integrate the news representations from different dimensions for the eventual classification. Experiments are done on two commonly used datasets in different languages, X (Twitter) and Weibo. Experiment results demonstrate that our proposed model ERIC-FND outperforms existing state-of-the-art fake news detection methods under the same settings. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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MultiModal-Learning for Predicting Molecular Properties: A Framework Based on Image and Graph Structures

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wang, Zhuoyuan Mi, Jiacong Lu, Shan He, Jieyue School of Computer Science and Engineering Key Lab of Computer Network and Information Integration MOE Southeast University Jiangsu Nanjing210018 China Nanjing Fenghuo Tiandi Communication Technology Co. Ltd. Jiangsu Nanjing211161 China

The quest for accurate prediction of drug molecule properties poses a fundamental challenge in the realm of Artificial Intelligence Drug Discovery (AIDD). An effective representation of drug molecules emerges as a pivotal component in this pursuit. Contemporary leading-edge research predominantly resorts to self-supervised learning (SSL) techniques to extract meaningful structural representations from large-scale, unlabeled molecular data, subsequently fine-tuning these representations for an array of downstream tasks. However, an inherent shortcoming of these studies lies in their singular reliance on one modality of molecular information, such as molecule image or SMILES representations, thus neglecting the potential complementarity of various molecular modalities. In response to this limitation, we propose MolIG, a novel MultiModaL molecular pre-training framework for predicting molecular properties based on Image and Graph structures. MolIG model innovatively leverages the coherence and correlation between molecule graph and molecule image to execute self-supervised tasks, effectively amalgamating the strengths of both molecular representation forms. This holistic approach allows for the capture of pivotal molecular structural characteristics and high-level semantic information. Upon completion of pre-training, Graph Neural network (GNN) Encoder is used for the prediction of downstream tasks. In comparison to advanced baseline models, MolIG exhibits enhanced performance in downstream tasks pertaining to molecular property prediction within benchmark groups such as MoleculeNet Benchmark Group and ADMET Benchmark Group. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Molecules

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ML-based Privacy Leakage Behavior Detection in Android Apps at Scale 19

ML-based Privacy Leakage Behavior Detection in Android Apps ...

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2022 IEEE SmartWorld, 19th IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Autonomous and Trusted Vehicles Conference, 22nd IEEE International Conference on Scalable Computing and Communications, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Digital Twin, 8th IEEE International Conference on Privacy Computing and 2022 IEEE International Conference on Metaverse, SmartWorld/UIC/ATC/ScalCom/DigitalTwin/PriComp/Metaverse 2022

作者： Bu, ZhiLiang Zhao, Chunlei Gong, Liangyi Wang, Yan Yang, Yi Wang, Xi Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology Ministry of Education Tianjin China Tianjin University of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin China Computer Network Information Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Southeast University School of Cyber Science and Engineering Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346558

In recent years, Android application privacy leaking issues frequently occur, with the results that privacy leakage detection becomes a critical role in app market security review, and numerous mobile apps have been removed from the app stores as a consequence. At the same time, manual review is still considered as a main method for market security audit, but it would cause low efficiency and high false positive when faced with thousands of auditing tasks. To overcome the above problems, this paper implements a large volume, automated detection of privacy leaks in Android applications via machine learning algorithms. In order to achieve a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of application behavior features, firstly, 2346 benign software from app market and 1912 malware identified by a national regulatory authority as leaking privacy in the past two years were selected and studied using a hybrid static-dynamic analysis. Then by developing novel sensitivity criteria, we opt privacy-sensitive key permissions and API calls that are highly relevant to privacy leakage behavior. Moreover, in order to improve the practicability of our system, this thesis systematically optimize the application exerciser on the Android emulator, and achieve average per-app analysis time with less than 2 minutes. Finally, the results of the comparison experiments reveal that the stacking ensemble learning algorithm displayed the best classification performance and achieved 97.81% in accuracy of privacy leakage behavior detection. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Application programs

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BaKer-nets: Bayesian random kernel mapping networks 29

BaKer-nets: Bayesian random kernel mapping networks

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29th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IJCAI 2020

作者： Xue, Hui Wu, Zheng-Fan School of Computer Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration Southeast University Ministry of Education Nanjing210096 China

ISBN: (纸本)9780999241165

Recently, deep spectral kernel networks (DSKNs) have attracted wide attention. They consist of periodic computational elements that can be activated across the whole feature spaces. In theory, DSKNs have the potential to reveal input-dependent and long-range characteristics, and thus are expected to perform more competitive than prevailing networks. But in practice, they are still unable to achieve the desired effects. The structural superiority of DSKNs comes at the cost of the difficult optimization. The periodicity of computational elements leads to many poor and dense local minima in loss landscapes. DSKNs are more likely stuck in these local minima, and perform worse than expected. Hence, in this paper, we propose the novel Bayesian random Kernel mapping networks (BaKer-Nets) with preferable learning processes by escaping randomly from most local minima. Specifically, BaKer-Nets consist of two core components: 1) a prior-posterior bridge is derived to enable the uncertainty of computational elements reasonably;2) a Bayesian learning paradigm is presented to optimize the prior-posterior bridge efficiently. With the well-tuned uncertainty, BaKer-Nets can not only explore more potential solutions to avoid local minima, but also exploit these ensemble solutions to strengthen their robustness. Systematical experiments demonstrate the significance of BaKer-Nets in improving learning processes on the premise of preserving the structural superiority. © 2020 Inst. Sci. inf., Univ. Defence in Belgrade. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bayesian networks

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