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26th International Conference on information and Communications security, ICICS 2024

作者： Xin, Mingfeng Wen, Hui Deng, Liting Li, Hong Li, Qiang Sun, Limin Beijing Key Laboratory of IOT Information Security Technology Institute of Information Engineering CAS Beijing China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Computer and Information Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819788002

The rapid growth of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has brought real-time operating system (RTOS) into focus as major targets for both security analysts and malicious adversaries. Due to the non-standard hardware and diverse software, embedded RTOS devices present unique challenges to security analysts for the accurate analysis of firmware binaries. The diversity in hardware components and tight coupling between firmware and hardware makes it hard to perform dynamic analysis, which must have the ability to execute firmware code in virtualized environments. However, emulating the large expanse of hardware peripherals makes analysts have to frequently modify the emulator for executing various firmware code in different virtualized environments, which greatly limits the ability of analysis. In this work, we explore the problem of firmware re-hosting related to the RTOS. A device driver is developed by developers so that RTOS can be run on their platform. By providing alternative implementations for device drivers, we can make minimal modifications to the firmware that is to be migrated from its original hardware environment into a virtualized one. We show that an approach is capable of offering the ability to emulate various RTOS firmware in an automated manner without modifying existing emulators. Our approach, called static binary-level driver porting, first locates device driver initialization function and identify driver types in the target firmware, then adapts pre-built drivers to the existing emulator hardware. Finally, it replaces the drivers in the firmware with ours by utilizing binary rewriting technique. We demonstrate the practicality of the proposed method on multiple hardware platforms and firmware samples for security analysis. The results show that the approach is flexible enough to emulate firmware for vulnerability assessment and exploit development. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Firmware

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MFFLEN: Multi-Label Text Classification Based on Multi-Feature Fusion and Label Embedding

MFFLEN: Multi-Label Text Classification Based on Multi-Featu...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, SMC 2024

作者： Gu, Qiliang Zhao, Shuo Zhang, Jianqiang Song, Gongpeng Lu, Qin Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Jinan China Jinan China Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Jinan China Shandong Branch of China Mobile Communication Group Design Institute Co. Jinan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665410205

To address the challenges associated with insufficiently extracting and utilizing features at different levels, overlooking the connection between label meanings and text, and facing problems of over-compression or information loss when extracting global information using recurrent neural networks in the field of multi-label text categorization, this paper introduces an innovative model known as MFFLEN (MultiFeature Fusion and Label Embedding Neural network). First, a back-translated enhanced label set is constructed by back-translated splicing enhancement of the original label set. This set, together with the text, is then input into the embedding layer, which consists of the pre-trained model of bert-baseChinese, thus establishing the initial connection between the text and the labels within the same vector space. Then, to comprehensively extract multi-level semantic features, the model uses a convolutional layer to extract local features and an embedding layer to extract sentence-level features. A bidirectional attention embedded GRU (BAE-GRU) layer is used to extract hybrid finegrained features, which are then fed into the attention layer to further extract hybrid labeled features based on labeling information. Finally, these three different types of features are fused and multi-label text classification results are obtained using a classifier. The experiments proved that the MFFLEN model achieved 73.82% and 88.44% macro-F1 and 88.00% and 88.86% micro-F1 on the two datasets CAIL 2018 Small and CAIL 2018 Split, respectively, which is better than other baseline models. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Vector spaces

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A firmware upgrade solution based on hardware unique ID and SM4 cryptographic algorithm

A firmware upgrade solution based on hardware unique ID and ...

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2023 International Conference on computer Graphics, Artificial Intelligence, and Data Processing, ICCAID 2023

作者： Gao, Shaofeng Wang, Kun Chen, Xinze Fu, Yong Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center National Supercomputer Center in Jinan Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Jinan250000 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Jinan250000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510677685

This article presents and implements a firmware upgrade solution for embedded systems, which aims to address the vulnerability of using the same file that can be easily copied or stolen. When upgrading firmware, a txt file is sent by the upper-level software, which is encrypted using the SM4 algorithm. This encryption is based on a hardware-unique ID and a pre-stored upper-level software-unique ID, which act as encryption keys. During the upgrade, a secure downloader utilizes its hardware-unique ID and a pre-stored upper-level software-unique ID as decryption keys to decrypt the file. If the decryption key does not match the encryption key, the decrypted txt file will not be readable. Once decrypted, the firmware is downloaded to the target device using BSL (Bootstrap Loader) technology. Practical tests have shown that this method can achieve "one file, one key,"effectively preventing unauthorized use of the upgraded firmware. © 2024 SPIE.

关键词： Firmware

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8th International Congress on Edge Computing, EDGE 2024, Held as Part of the Services Conference Federation, SCF 2024

作者： Tian, Yun Wu, Bin Shi, Jiaoli Zhang, Caicai Xu, Du School of Computer and Big Data Science Jiujiang University Jiujiang332005 China Jiujiang Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security Jiujiang332005 China School of Modern Information Technology Zhejiang Polytechnic University of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Hangzhou310053 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031770685

The development of cloud computing and the widespread application of cloud services have made outsourcing services more convenient. The need for individuals and businesses to store and manipulate the graph data they generate is growing rapidly. The unreliability and insecurity of cloud servers make outsourcing graph data a great risk of information leakage. To effectively protect data security, encrypting outsourced data is a useful method. The adjacent vertex query is a very commonly used and fundamental operation, and similarity search is a widely used and powerful tool to improve the scope and functionality of queries. After outsourcing encrypted sparse graph data to cloud servers, it becomes very inconvenient to use and manipulate the data. In this work, we present a scheme to realize the adjacent vertex query supporting similarity search on sparse graph data in cloud environment (SSAQ), which also protects the security of the information. This work uses edit distance and the searchable encryption principle to construct query index, and next implement the similar adjacent vertex query on cloud server. This work provides a formal security analysis, and also gives the experimental comparison and analysis. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： information leakage

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A knowledge-enhanced interest segment division attention network for click-through rate prediction

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Neural Computing and Applications 2024年第34期36卷 21817-21837页

作者： Liu, Zhanghui Chen, Shijie Chen, Yuzhong Su, Jieyang Zhong, Jiayuan Dong, Chen College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fujian Province Fuzhou350108 China Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fujian Province Fuzhou350108 China

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction aims to estimate the probability of a user clicking on a particular item, making it one of the core tasks in various recommendation platforms. In such systems, user behavior data are crucial for capturing user interests, which has garnered significant attention from both academia and industry, leading to the development of various user behavior modeling methods. However, existing models still face unresolved issues, as they fail to capture the complex diversity of user interests at the semantic level, refine user interests effectively, and uncover users’ potential interests. To address these challenges, we propose a novel model called knowledge-enhanced Interest segment division attention network (KISDAN), which can effectively and comprehensively model user interests. Specifically, to leverage the semantic information within user behavior sequences, we employ the structure of a knowledge graph to divide user behavior sequence into multiple interest segments. To provide a comprehensive representation of user interests, we further categorize user interests into strong and weak interests. By leveraging both the knowledge graph and the item co-occurrence graph, we explore users’ potential interests from two perspectives. This methodology allows KISDAN to better understand the diversity of user interests. Finally, we extensively evaluate KISDAN on three benchmark datasets, and the experimental results consistently demonstrate that the KISDAN model outperforms state-of-the-art models across various evaluation metrics, which validates the effectiveness and superiority of KISDAN. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag London Ltd., part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Research on Setting of Two Firewall Rules Based on Ubuntu Linux System 5

Research on Setting of Two Firewall Rules Based on Ubuntu Li...

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5th International Conference on computer network, Electronic and Automation, ICCNEA 2022

作者： Ma, Limei Zhao, Dongmei Hebei Normal University College of Computer and Cyber Security Shijiazhuang China Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security in Hebei Province Shijiazhuang China

ISBN: (数字)9781665491099

ISBN: (纸本)9781665491099

'security first' is the most concerned issue of Linux administrators. security refers to the integrity of data. The authentication security and integrity of data are higher than the privacy security of data. Firewall is used to realize the function of access control under Linux. It is divided into hardware or software firewall. No matter in which network, the firewall must work at the edge of the network. Our task is to define how the firewall works. This is the firewall's policies and rules, so that it can detect the IP and data in and out of the network. At present, there are three or four layers of firewalls on the market, which are called network layer firewalls, and seven layers of firewalls, which are actually the gateway of the agent layer. But for the seven layer firewall, no matter what your source port or target port, source address or target address is, it will check all your things. Therefore, the seven layer firewall is more secure, but it brings lower efficiency. Therefore, the usual firewall schemes on the market are a combination of the two. And because we all need to access from the port controlled by the firewall, the work efficiency of the firewall has become the most important control of how much data users can access. This paper introduces two types of firewalls iptables and TCP_Wrappers. What are the differences between the use policies, rules and structures of the two firewalls? This is the problem to be discussed in this paper. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： network layers

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Privacy-Preserving Responsible Gaming Systems 2

Privacy-Preserving Responsible Gaming Systems

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2nd International Conference on Big Data and Privacy Computing, BDPC 2024

作者： Zhu, Yizhao Chen, Lanxiang City University of Macau Faculty of Data Science 999078 China College of Computer and Cyber Security Fujian Normal University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Network Security and Cryptology Fuzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350307597

Responsible gaming aims at maintaining the integrity and sustainability of the gaming industry. However, The exchange of sensitive data, such as player and gaming related information, among different parties raises significant privacy concerns, and safeguarding privacy becomes a top priority consideration throughout the design and implementation of responsible gaming systems. In this paper, we introduce an innovative scheme that utilizes Oblivious Transfer (OT) and Private Set Intersection (PSI) protocols to address privacy concerns of responsible gaming systems. Our scheme proposes a system model that addresses privacy concerns related to player global limits and banned player list query and response, without requiring infrastructure changes, unlike blockchain-based solutions;Our proposed scheme not only addresses privacy concerns between the query user and the centralized database server but also mitigates privacy concerns between the query user and certificate authority (CA) by incorporating blind RSA signature scheme;Our proposed scheme achieves linear complexity in computation and communication, while remaining resilient against malicious adversaries under the random oracle model. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Differential privacy

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Evaluation Method of Object Control Capability for Children Based on Nonlinear Dynamics 23

Evaluation Method of Object Control Capability for Children ...

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3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Intelligent Computing, BIC 2023

作者： Wang, Huaijun Li, Chao Zhang, Dongsheng Li, Junhuai Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Security Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Xi an University of Technology Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400700200

DCD (Developmental Coordination Disorder) has become a global problem, and several studies have shown that early detection and intervention are important for the prevention and treatment of DCD in children. To address the problems of low intelligence, simple assessment indexes and single dimension in assessing children's motor coordination, a method based on non-linear dynamics is proposed to assess children's object control ability. Using the child's in-situ ball tapping as the test item, the Kinect and inertial sensors are used to collect hand spatial position information and human motion biomechanical signals during the ball tapping process. The complexity of the signal is reflected by the sample entropy of the motion signal. The approach suggested in this thesis, which uses non-linear kinetic characteristics, enhances the accuracy of behavioral and developmental identification by 1% to 3% when compared to existing methods. The experiments prove that the proposed method has a better recognition rate and stability than the traditional assessment methods. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Principal component analysis

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Light Up Fireflies: Towards Understanding the Design of Interpersonal Bodily Intertwinement in Bodily Play 24

Light Up Fireflies: Towards Understanding the Design of Inte...

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11th ACM SIGCHI Annual Symposium on computer-Human Interaction in Play, CHI-PLAY Companion 2024

作者： Lu, Yingtong Li, Zhuying Ding, Ding Southeast University Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Computer Network and Information Integration Southeast University Ministry of Education Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706929

In this paper, we explore the design of interpersonal bodily intertwinement through a VR social game, "Light Up Fireflies". Inspired by works of virtual co-embodiment, our game lets two players embody a single avatar, where each player controls half of the body. The gameplay involves walking in a virtual forest and collaboratively interacting with floating fireflies. While moving, poor coordination can lead to unbalanced movements, causing the avatar to lose its center of mass and fall. Such a design might blur the body boundary between players, providing an intriguing bodily experience of interpersonal bodily intertwinement. We hope our work offers novel insights into bodily play where players experience interconnected physical presence within the digital space. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to ACM.

关键词： Virtual reality

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A k-nearest neighbor query method based on trust and location privacy protection

A k-nearest neighbor query method based on trust and locatio...

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作者： Guo, Liangmin Zhu, Ying Yang, Hao Luo, Yonglong Sun, Liping Zheng, Xiaoyao School of Computer and Information Anhui Normal University Wuhu China Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Network and Information Security Wuhu China

Spatial query is an important supporting technology in the Internet of Things (IoT) and location-based services (LBS). The k-nearest neighbor query is widely used for spatial queries. However, user location privacy may be leaked in the query. In addition, some users are malicious or uncooperative. With the objective of overcoming these problems, a k-nearest neighbor query method based on trust and location privacy protection is proposed. First, we employ a new K-anonymity method based on cooperation to protect a query user's location privacy. In this method, the query user constructs an anonymous group by introducing a trust mechanism to incentivize cooperation among users. Then, according to the different radii of the selection area set by the query user, agent users with higher reputation values who send query requests for the query user are selected. Finally, the agent users obtain the query results from the LBS server and forward them to the query user, and the query user screens the results according to his or her real location. The experiments show that our method can effectively stimulate users to cooperate, better exclude malicious users, and improve the accuracy of the query results while protecting the privacy of the query user. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： Location based services

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