As an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm, federated learning (FL) only shares model updates between clients and servers, and training data are secured on each client’s device. Due to local data privacy, F...
As an emerging distributed machine learning paradigm, federated learning (FL) only shares model updates between clients and servers, and training data are secured on each client’s device. Due to local data privacy, FL is vulnerable to poisoning attacks, which causes serious degradation in the model performance. In this paper, we analyze the targeted poisoning attacks of FL and reveal that when the data held by each client of FL is independent and identically distributed (iid), the loss of all non-poisoned models on some clean dataset agrees with a normal distribution (ND), while the loss value of the poisoned model deviates from this distribution. Based on this observation, we propose a method named ND_defense to defend FL targeted poisoning attacks. We set a small clean test dataset on the server, compute the loss of each client model on it, detect the abnormal ones with the proposed loss-value-based inspection algorithm, and then only aggregate the benign clients’ models to get the global model. We conducted experiments on three benchmark datasets and compared several state-of-the-art defense methods. The results show that our NDdefense is effective in defending against targeted poisoning attacks.
A refractive index(RI)sensor based on elliptical core photonic crystal fiber(EC-PCF)has been *** asymmetric elliptical core introduces the polarization-dependent characteristics of the fiber core *** performances of i...
详细信息
A refractive index(RI)sensor based on elliptical core photonic crystal fiber(EC-PCF)has been *** asymmetric elliptical core introduces the polarization-dependent characteristics of the fiber core *** performances of intermodal interference between the intrinsic polarization fiber core modes are investigated by contrast in two interferometers based on the Mach-Zehnder(M-Z)and Sagnac interference *** addition,the RI sensing characteristics of the two interferometers are studied by successively filling the three layers air holes closest to the elliptical core in the *** results show that the M-Z interference between LP_(01)and LP_(11)mode in the same polarized direction is featured with the incremental RI sensing sensitivity as the decreasing interference length,and the infilled scope around the elliptical core has a weak correlation with the RI sensing *** to the high birefringence of LP11 mode,the Sagnac interferometer has better RI sensing performance,the maximum RI sensing sensitivity of 12000 nm/RIU is achieved under the innermost one layer air holes infilled with RI matching liquid of RI=1.39 at the pre-setting EC-PCF length of 12 cm,which is two orders of magnitude higher than the M-Z interferometer with the same fiber *** series of theoretical optimized analysis would provide guidance for the applications in the field of biochemical sensing.
In this paper, a refractive index(RI) sensor based on the twin-core photonic crystal fiber(TC-PCF) is presented. Introducing the rectangular array in the core area makes the PCF possible to obtain high birefringence a...
详细信息
In this paper, a refractive index(RI) sensor based on the twin-core photonic crystal fiber(TC-PCF) is presented. Introducing the rectangular array in the core area makes the PCF possible to obtain high birefringence and low confinement loss over the wavelength range from 0.6 μm to 1.7 μm. Therefore, the core region can enhance the interaction between the core mode and the filling material. We studied theoretically the evolution characteristics of the birefringence and operating wavelength corresponding to the strongest polarization point under the condition of filling the rectangular array with RI matching fluid range from 1.33 to 1.41. Simulation results reveal that the proposed TC-PCF has opposite evolutions of change rates between the B and wavelength, and the maximum RI sensing sensitivities of 1.809× 10-2 B/RIU and 8 700 nm/RIU at low and high RI infill are obtained respectively, which means that the TC-PCF features of dual-parameter demodulation for the RI sensing can maintain a high refractive index sensing sensitivity within a large scope of RI ranging from 1.33 to 1.41. Compared with the results of single-parameter demodulation, it is an optimized method to improve the sensitivity of low refractive index sensors, which has great application potency in the field of biochemical sensing and detection.
Current diffusion-based inpainting models struggle to preserve unmasked regions or generate highly coherent content. Additionally, it is hard for them to generate meaningful content for 3D inpainting. To tackle these ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9798350368741
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350368758
Current diffusion-based inpainting models struggle to preserve unmasked regions or generate highly coherent content. Additionally, it is hard for them to generate meaningful content for 3D inpainting. To tackle these challenges, we design a plug-and-play branch that runs through the entire generation process to enhance existing models. Specifically, we utilize dual encoders - a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) encoder and the pre-trained Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) encoder, to encode masked images. The latent code and the feature map from the dual encoders are fed to diffusion models simultaneously. In addition, we apply Zero-padded initialization to solve the problem of mode collapse caused by this branch. Experiments on BrushBench and EditBench demonstrate that models with our plug-and-play branch can improve the coherence of inpainting, and our model achieves new state-of-the-art results.
As a new computing paradigm, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) sinks resources to the network edge to support real-time re-sponses of services. Facing the demand for migrating services caused by the frequent movement of the...
详细信息
Cow estrus control system based on machine vision can not only provide effective information for breeders,but also protect animal *** traditional detection of cow estrus is mainly through artificial discrimination,and...
详细信息
Cow estrus control system based on machine vision can not only provide effective information for breeders,but also protect animal *** traditional detection of cow estrus is mainly through artificial discrimination,and its accuracy and real-time performance are ***,a non-contact real-time monitoring and identification method of estrus was ***,the principle of YOLOv4 model and the characteristic requirements of sample data were studied and *** individuals with complex background and serious occlusion,the K-means++ algorithm was used to optimize the anchor frame size,and the MobileNetvl lightweight network replaced the original CSPDarknet53 network to improve the speed of identifying estrus *** maximum pool structure of space pyramid was improved to average pool structure,and more effective features were retained to improve the accuracy of identifying estrus of dairy ***,based on the trunk pattern information of cows,Faster R-CNN model was improved to realize the identification of estrus ***50 was used to improve the original VGG16 feature extraction network,and the feature extraction capability of the model was enhanced to improve the recognition ***,a cow estrus monitoring system was developed using *** experimental results showed that the improved method could identify the estrus behavior of cows with the accuracy of99.95% and the frame rate of 76.23 f/*** average accuracy rate of identification can reach 99.51%,which is 0.18 percentage points higher than the original network.
Database watermarking plays an irreplaceable role in copyright authentication and data integrity protection, but the robustness of the watermark and the resulting data distortion are a pair of contradictory objects th...
Database watermarking plays an irreplaceable role in copyright authentication and data integrity protection, but the robustness of the watermark and the resulting data distortion are a pair of contradictory objects that cannot be ignored. To solve this problem, a reversible database watermarking method, named IGADEW, is proposed to balance the relationship between them. The biggest difference from previous research is that IGADEW synthesizes the optimization objects and obtain various parameters through genetic algorithm (GA). Second, the fitness function considers the weights of robustness and distortion, aiming to find the optimal balance between the two. IGADEW uses the Hash-based Message Authentication Code (HMAC) algorithm to encrypt the experimental parameters and uses the primary key hash algorithm for data grouping, both to ensure robustness. And the data distortion is limited with the help of threshold constraints. Finally, experiments using the UCI dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of IGADEW. Experimental results show that, compared with existing methods, IGADEW is more robust against common attacks, with lower data distortion.
In this work, a novel framework is proposed to improve air traffic safety from the perspective of human factors by detecting possible risks from air-ground speech communication. In the proposed framework, the automati...
详细信息
Accurately synthesizing talking face videos and capturing fine facial features for individuals with long hair presents a significant challenge. To tackle these challenges in existing methods, we propose a decomposed p...
详细信息
Multimodal Sentiment Analysis is a burgeoning research area, leveraging various modalities to predict the sentiment score. Nevertheless, previous studies have disregarded the impact of noise interference on specific m...
Multimodal Sentiment Analysis is a burgeoning research area, leveraging various modalities to predict the sentiment score. Nevertheless, previous studies have disregarded the impact of noise interference on specific modal sentiments during video recording, thereby compromising the accuracy of sentiment prediction. In this paper, we propose the Guided Circular Decomposition and Cross-Modal Recombination (GCD-CMR) model, which aims to eliminate contaminated sentiment features in a fine-grained way. To achieve this, we utilize tailored global information specific to each modality to guide the circular decomposing process in the GCD module, to produce a set of sentiment prototypes. Subsequently, in the CMR module, we align cross-modal sentiment prototypes and remove the contaminated prototypes for recombination. Experimental results on two publicly available datasets demonstrate that our model surpasses state-of-the-art models, confirming the effectiveness of our proposed method. We release the code at: https://***/nianhua20/GCD-CMR.
暂无评论