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21st Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI 2024

作者： Qi, Guangfei Qu, Zhihao Lyu, Shen-Huan Jia, Ninghui Ye, Baoliu Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China National Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819601189

Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) has gained significant attention for its ability to handle heterogeneous data effectively. Parameter decoupling is a typical approach to PFL. It decouples the model into a feature extractor and a classifier head, where the feature extractor is trained collaboratively to learn a common representation and the classifier head is personalized for local data. Since local training only learns personalized feature information and ignores global information, the generalization ability of the feature extractor is limited. To improve the performance of the local model, a feasible approach is to make the local feature extractor more generalized. However, prior work requires the transmission of additional feature data beyond the transmission of model parameters, which leads to privacy leakage and higher communication overhead. To address these shortcomings, we propose a PFL algorithm with feature alignment via knowledge distillation, named PFAKD. PFAKD enhances the training of local feature extractors by explicitly aligning each sample’s local features with global features, providing more detailed guidance. Meanwhile, it avoids additional communication overhead and the risk of privacy leakage. We conduct extensive experiments in heterogeneous data scenarios. PFAKD outperforms other state-of-the-art methods by up to 4.35% in terms of model accuracy. Our code is available at https://***/fei0829/PFAKD. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Federated learning

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Differentially Private Federated Stochastic Primal-Dual Learning for Internet of Vehicles

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 17034-17050页

作者： Li, Yiwei Wang, Shuai Chang, Tsung-Hui Xiamen University of Technology Fujian Key Laboratory of Communication Network and Information Processing Xiamen361024 China University of Electronic Science and Technology of China National Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Chengdu611731 China The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen School of Science and Engineering Shenzhen Research Institute of Big Data Shenzhen518172 China

Federated learning (FL) has the potential to empower Internet-of-Vehicles (IoV) networks by enabling smart vehicles (SVs) to participate in the learning process under the orchestration of a vehicular service provider while keeping data locally. In this paper, we propose a novel federated stochastic primal-dual algorithm with differential privacy (FedSPD-DP) to ensure robust privacy protection for FL based IoV (FL-IoV) systems. The FedSPD-DP algorithm leverages multiple steps of local stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and partial client participation (PCP) to improve communication efficiency while incorporating differential privacy (DP) to ensure privacy protection. Our theoretical analysis explores the impact of these strategies on learning performance. Specifically, we demonstrate that the data sampling strategy and PCP enhance data privacy, while a larger number of local SGD steps may increase privacy leakage, revealing a non-trivial tradeoff between communication efficiency and privacy protection. Extensive experiments on real-world data validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, showing superior performance compared to state-of-the-art FL algorithms, and confirming the analytical results and properties. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Federated learning

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A Query Optimization Method Utilizing Large Language Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yao, Zhiming Li, Haoyang Zhang, Jing Li, Cuiping Chen, Hong School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering MOE China Engineering Research Center of Database and Business Intelligence MOE China

Query optimization is a critical task in database systems, focused on determining the most efficient way to execute a query from an enormous set of possible strategies. Traditional approaches rely on heuristic search methods and cost predictions, but these often struggle with the complexity of the search space and inaccuracies in performance estimation, leading to suboptimal plan choices. This paper presents LLMOpt, a novel framework that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to address these challenges through two innovative components: (1) LLM for Plan Candidate Generation (LLMOpt(G)), which eliminates heuristic search by utilizing the reasoning abilities of LLMs to directly generate high-quality query plans, and (2) LLM for Plan Candidate Selection (LLMOpt(S)), a list-wise cost model that compares candidates globally to enhance selection accuracy. To adapt LLMs for query optimization, we propose fine-tuning pre-trained models using optimization data collected offline. Experimental results on the JOB, JOB-EXT, and Stack benchmarks show that LLMOpt(G) and LLMOpt(S) outperform state-of-the-art methods, including PostgreSQL, BAO, and HybridQO. Notably, LLMOpt(S) achieves the best practical performance, striking a balance between plan quality and inference efficiency. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Structured Query Language

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Network intrusion detection based on feature fusion of attack dimension

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Journal of Supercomputing 2025年第6期81卷 1-33页

作者： Sun, Xiaolong Gu, Zhengyao Zhang, Hao Gu, Jason Liu, Yanhua Dong, Chen Ye, Junwei College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou350116 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou University Fuzhou350116 China Engineering Research Center of Big Data Intelligence Chinese Ministry of Education Fuzhou350116 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Dalhousie University HalifaxNSB3J 1Z1 Canada

Network traffic anomaly detection involves the rapid identification of intrusions within a network through the detection, analysis, and classification of network traffic data. The variety of cyberattacks encompasses diverse attack principles. Employing an indiscriminate feature selection strategy may lead to the neglect of key features highly correlated with specific attack types. This oversight could diminish the recognition rate for that category, thereby impacting the overall performance of the detection model. To address this issue, this paper proposes a network traffic anomaly detection model based on the fusion of attack-dimensional features. Firstly, construct binary classification datasets independently for each attack class and perform individual feature selection to extract positively correlated features for each class. The features are then fused by employing a combination methods. Subsequently, based on the fused sub-datasets, base classifiers are trained. Finally, an ensemble learning approach is introduced to integrate the predictions of individual classifiers, enhancing the robustness of the model. The proposed approach, validated on NSL-KDD and UNSW-NB15 benchmark datasets, outperforms the latest methods in the field by achieving a 2% and 7% increase in precision on weighted averages. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Feature Selection

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First-principles investigation of adhesion strength and interfacial bonding in Mg/X(X=Ti,Zr,Hf,V,Nd,Cr,Mo,Mn,and Fe)interface

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2025年第1期13卷 83-89页

作者： Longke Bao Zhifu Yao Yuhui Zhang Cuiping Wang Kaihong Zheng Rongpei Shi Xingjun Liu Fusheng Pan State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Joining Harbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China College of Materials Science and Engineering and Institute of Materials Genome and Big DataHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Institute of New Materials Guangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China College of Materials Science and Engineering Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China

Magnesium alloys have gained extensive applications across various industries,including aerospace,transportation,and civil construction,owing to their excellent combinations of high specific strength and stiffness[1].However,their lim-ited strength due to the lack of effective strengthening phases has hindered their broader industrial applications[2].Never-theless,it has been challenging to achieve significant strength-ening due to the restricted solubility of alloying elements in magnesium[3].Thus,more and more efforts have been made to explore the concept of secondary phase-reinforced magne-sium alloys[2,4,5],where the secondary phase acts as re-inforcing agents within the magnesium matrix,resembling a composite material.

关键词： adhesion strength interfacial bonding aluminum alloys industrial applications solubility strengthening phases alloying elements Mg X interfaces

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Machine learning empowered UAV-based beamforming design in ISAC systems

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2025年第5期68卷 285-286页

作者： Xiangyang DUAN Xiaoqi ZHANG Shuqiang XIA Zhongbin WANG Yihua MA Weijie YUAN State Key Laboratory of Mobile Network and Mobile Multimedia Technology Wireless and Computing Research InstituteZTE Corporation School of Electrical and Data Engineering University of Technology Sydney School of Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and Technology

Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has been proposed as an enabling technology for the realization of the next-generation wireless system,which focuses on performing wireless communication and sensing *** the various potential ISAC-based applications,unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based ISAC plays a significant part in unlocking the potential of future next-generation wireless communication,facilitating low-latency data transmission in high-mobility *** by recent advancements,a variety of effective techniques have been investigated to optimize beamforming design in ISAC *** instance,the authors in [1] introduced an extended Kalman filtering (EKF)-based method tailored for millimeter wave (mmWave) ISAC ***,Ref.[2]proposed an extended interacting multiple model (IMM)-EKF framework designed for vehicular networks with intricate roadway *** these advancements,the aforementioned methods typically employ a separate scheme for channel prediction and beam alignment,which introduces additional signaling overhead in real-world ***,there is a demand for an end-to-end beamforming design approach specifically for UAV-based ISAC systems.

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Legal judgment prediction via legal knowledge extraction and fusion

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Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences 2025年第3期37卷 1-16页

作者： Zhao, Qihui School of Computer and Communication Engineering Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao Qinhuangdao 066004 China Hebei Key Laboratory of Marine Perception Network and Data Processing Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao Qinhuangdao 066004 China

Legal judgment prediction (LJP) task aims to predict relevant law articles, charges and terms of penalty through the textual fact description of legal cases. However, existing methods face the core challenge is external legal knowledge under-exploitation, which hinders the performance of LJP. To overcome this limitation, a legal knowledge enhanced prompt learning based approach (LKEPL) is proposed. Our method first design the legal knowledge extraction which utilizes the model trained on our labeled legal dataset to identify legal entity relation knowledge and obtains law articles knowledge by the attention mechanism. Afterwards, our method employs legal knowledge projector to translate legal knowledge vectors into the transformer space. Then our method incorporates two kinds of knowledge by concatenating those vectors before the key and value matrix of each multi-head attention of BERT. Finally, our method designs the LJP task-specific prompt learning method. Experimental results on the CAIL2018 dataset demonstrate that our method outperforms existing strong baseline models. Furthermore, our method offers interpretability and shows effectiveness under few-shot scenarios. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Legal intelligence Legal judgment prediction Legal knowledge fusion Prompt learning

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Secure Multi-way Join Query and Its Bench-Marking with Trusted Execution Environments 2nd

Secure Multi-way Join Query and Its Bench-Marking with Tru...

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2nd International Conference on data Security and Privacy Protection, DSPP 2024

作者： Zhao, Yi Zhao, Sen Lv, Siyi School of Cyber Engineering Xidian University Xi’an China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University Xi’an China Key Laboratory of Data and Intelligent System Security Ministry of Education Nankai University Tianjin China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819785452

Because of server-untrustable model in outsourcing encrypted database system, it’s fatal for data owners to keep their data confidential under complex query operations performed by database servers. Trusted Execution Environments (TEEs) provide a secure space for privacy computation via hardware-based methods to increase the efficiency of database system, and it ensures the availability of computing directly on sensitive data in untrusted outsourcing database servers. However, while various query schemes are designed under the combination of encrypted database and TEEs, designing an available and secure scheme for join queries on multiple data tables with TEEs remains an open problem. Besides, previous works also devote less to bench-marking multi-way joins on TEEs. In our work, we extend binary join query scheme into multi-way forms in encrypted database system based on TEEs. It combines various join algorithms based on hash functions (hash-based, radix-based, etc.) with parallelized optimizing mechanism. Besides, we do bench-marking with TEEBench framework on those multi-way join schemes in three-way forms using both cache-fit and cache-exceed datasets and do different evaluation on two TEEs hardware platforms (Intel SGX and AMD SEV) to show its availability. After that, we also propose a multi-way join scheme with access pattern protection through the combination between our previous scheme and oblivious I/O methods. With the evaluation of its efficiency and memory leakage, we can also verify the feasibility of our access-pattern-protected multi-way join scheme. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Outsourcing

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YOLOv9-AAG: Distinguishing Birds and Drones in Infrared and Visible Light Scenarios

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 76609-76619页

作者： Suo, Peichun Zhu, Jincan Zhou, Qingyang Kou, Weili Wang, Xiuyan Suo, Wen Yunnan Medical Health Vocational College Information Center Kunming650033 China Southwest Forestry University College of Big Data and Intelligent Engineering Kunming650224 China Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forestry Ecological Big Data Kunming650224 China Yunnan College of Business Management Kunming650106 China

The ability to distinguish between birds and drones is essential for applications in wildlife preservation, aviation security, and defense operations. Reliable identification not only reduces the risk of bird strikes and monitors potential drone threats but also fosters the development of a secure and intelligent ecological environment. However, achieving high precision in recognition under complex and dynamic conditions remains a significant hurdle. To overcome this, we present an advanced detection framework, YOLOv9-AKConv-AFF-GSConv(YOLOv9-AAG), which substantially improves the accuracy of distinguishing birds from drones, even in varied poses, and enhances generalization capabilities in both infrared and visible light scenarios. The framework incorporates several key advancements. First, the GSConv is embedded into the head of the RepNSCPELAN4-AKConv module, enabling efficient extraction of edge and contour information without introducing additional computational cost. Second, the inclusion of the Attentional Feature Fusion (AFF) mechanism within AKConv amplifies the representation of shape features, particularly under challenging environments and multimodal scenarios. Lastly, the optimized AKConv module is effectively integrated with the original RepNSCPELAN4 model, facilitating more accurate and robust feature extraction for small targets, including birds and drones. Experimental evaluations underscore the effectiveness of the proposed framework. On an optical dataset containing multiple bird and drone targets, YOLOv9-AAG achieved recognition accuracy rates of 78.2%, while on an infrared dataset, it reached 86.1%. These results reflect improvements of 7.4% and 6.0%, respectively, over the baseline YOLOv9 model. Additionally, the F1 scores increased by 5.9% and 2.8%. On the publicly available CUB-200-2011 dataset and a combined dataset of visible and infrared images, the model attained mean Average Precision (mAP) scores of 81.9% and 81.6%, respectively, outper

关键词： Birds

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Disentangled Noisy Correspondence Learning

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IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 2025年 34卷 2602-2615页

作者： Dang, Zhuohang Luo, Minnan Wang, Jihong Jia, Chengyou Han, Haochen Wan, Herun Dai, Guang Chang, Xiaojun Wang, Jingdong Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Computer Science and Technology Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Networks and Network Security Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China SGIT AI Laboratory Xi’an710048 China State Grid Corporation of China State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Ltd. Xi’an710048 China University of Science and Technology of China School of Information Science and Technology Hefei230026 China Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Baidu Inc. Beijing100085 China

Cross-modal retrieval is crucial in understanding latent correspondences across modalities. However, existing methods implicitly assume well-matched training data, which is impractical as real-world data inevitably involves imperfect alignments, i.e., noisy correspondences. Although some works explore similarity-based strategies to address such noise, they suffer from sub-optimal similarity predictions influenced by modality-exclusive information (MEI), e.g., background noise in images and abstract definitions in texts. This issue arises as MEI is not shared across modalities, thus aligning it in training can markedly mislead similarity predictions. Moreover, although intuitive, directly applying previous cross-modal disentanglement methods suffers from limited noise tolerance and disentanglement efficacy. Inspired by the robustness of information bottlenecks against noise, we introduce DisNCL, a novel information-theoretic framework for feature Disentanglement in Noisy Correspondence Learning, to adaptively balance the extraction of modality-invariant information (MII) and MEI with certifiable optimal cross-modal disentanglement efficacy. DisNCL then enhances similarity predictions in modality-invariant subspace, thereby greatly boosting similarity-based alleviation strategy for noisy correspondences. Furthermore, DisNCL introduces soft matching targets to model noisy many-to-many relationships inherent in multi-modal inputs for noise-robust and accurate cross-modal alignment. Extensive experiments confirm DisNCL’s efficacy by 2% average recall improvement. Mutual information estimation and visualization results show that DisNCL learns meaningful MII/MEI subspaces, validating our theoretical analyses. © 1992-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Information theory

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