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Insight into disinfection byproduct formation potential of aged biochar and its effects during chlorination

Journal of environmental management 2022年 317卷 115437页

作者： Hailan Yang Shujing Ye Han Wang Chengyun Zhou Ting Xiong Yuanyuan Deng Qianmin Fu Guangming Zeng Zhuotong Zeng Xiaofei Tan Department of Dermatology Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410011 PR China College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education) Hunan University Changsha 410082 PR China. College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education) Hunan University Changsha 410082 PR China School of Resources Environment and Materials Guangxi University Nanning 530004 PR China. Institute of Big Data and Internet Innovation Hunan University of Technology and Business Changsha 410205 PR China. College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education) Hunan University Changsha 410082 PR China. Electronic address: zengzhuotong@***. College of Environmental Science and Engineering and Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Ministry of Education) Hunan University Changsha 410082 PR China. Electronic address: tanxf@***.

Biochar can achieve multiple benefits including solid waste management, polluted water remediation, carbon sequestration, and emission reduction. However, various environmental factors (such as temperature variations and dry-wet alternation) and microbial activity may lead to the fragmentation, dissolution, and oxidation of biochar. These accelerate the dissolution of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) and then influence disinfection byproducts formation potential (DBPFP) throughout the water treatment process. In this paper, biochars from six biomass feedstocks with five aging processes were prepared, and the DBPFP of biochar and its derived DOM were first studied systematically. Different aging processes might increase the DBPFP of biochar by increasing DOM content and changing the fraction distribution of DOM derived from biochar. Especially, the DBPFP of biochar increased apparently with the chemical aging process. Coexisting with the environmental concentration of humic acid, even aged biochar showed the potential to reduce DBPFP and integrated toxic risk value of the mixed system. In this study, the DBPFP of biochar-derived DOM during the disinfection process is confirmed, and the results can give information to the selection of biomass feedstocks of biochar and its service life in the water treatment process.

关键词： Aged biochar Chlorination Disinfection byproducts Dissolved organic matter Integrated toxic risk value

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AB0005 CHANGES OF SALIVARY MICROBIAL COMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH PERIODONTITIS

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Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2023年 82卷 1181-1181页

作者： C. Wang J. Qiao Y. Li M.J. Chang R.X. Qi S.X. Zhang Q. Yu P.F. He Shanxi Medical University School of Management Taiyuan China The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Department of Rheumatology Taiyuan China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology at Shanxi Medical University Taiyuan China Shanxi Medical University Medical Data Sciences Taiyuan China

Background Periodontitis (PD) is a chronic, progressive polymicrobial disease [1] . In the context of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of rheumatic disease, microorganisms located in the periodontal tissues play an important role as potential initiators of immune-mediated inflammatory conditions at distant sites [2] . Studies have shown that the microbiota associated with PD is different from that in health, and the chronic inflammatory response induced by salivary microbiota plays an important role in the development of PD. Objectives Study to evaluate and quantify the differences in the composition of salivary microbiota in patients with PD, and investigate the correlation between salivary microbiota in patients with PD and clinical variables. Methods In the same race, 34 salivary samples of patients with PD and 28 salivary samples of periodontal health controls(HC) were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Compare salivary microbiota alpha-diversity,beta-diversity and microbial composition (at the phylum and genus levels) were used to determine differences in salivary microbiota characteristics between periodontitis patients and periodontal health controls. LefSe analysis was carried out to identify differentially abundant *** correlation between different taxa and clinical variables was calculated by the Spearman rank test. Results Consistent with the observed diversity trend, compared with periodontal health, the richness of patients with periodontitis is relatively high (P<0.05, Figure 1a), which indicates that the diversity of salivary microbiome in patients with periodontitis is significantly higher. The Beta diversity based on Bray Curtis distance at the species level demonstrated a significant differences in microbial communities between periodontitis patients and periodontal health (analysis of variance, r2=0.094, p=0.001,Figure 1b). At different phylogenetic levels, the 10 selected taxonomic biomarkers showed strong discrimination ability, wi

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Climatic and Biotic Controls of Evapotranspiration Across Grassland Ecosystems on Tibetan Plateau

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Peng, Siyuan Yang, Yue Luo, Dengnan Zeng, Xiang Liang, Minqi Tao, Long Zhang, Guangru Li, Pan Liao, Weijie Guo, Qun Cao, Ruochen Li, Yuzhe Zhang, Weirong Hu, Zhongmin School of Geography South China Normal University Shipai Campus Guangzhou510631 China Hainan Baoting Tropical Rainforest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation School of Ecology and Environment Hainan University Haikou570228 China Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province Hainan University Haikou570228 China Facility of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Data Center of Terrestrial and Marine Ecosystems Carbon Cycle Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Zhuhai510245 China Key Lab of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China International Institute for Earth System Sciences Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing University Jiangsu210023 China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing University Jiangsu210023 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Understanding the spatial variations of evapotranspiration (ET) and its components on Tibetan Plateau (TP) is pivotal for grasping the regional water cycle and energy balance dynamics. Yet it is unclear how the changes of the intricate synergy among diverse environment factors significantly impacts the patterns of ET and its transformation state. Addressing this gap, this study employed observational data from 14 sites, utilizing the Shuttleworth-Wallace-Hu (SWH) model to investigate the spatial relationships between ET, its components, and influencing factors. Model parameters of SWH were optimized by Monte Carlo method, achieving a commendable simulation performance with a mean R2 value of 0.75. Our analysis reveals that in alpine meadow, the ratio of transpiration (T) to ET (T/ET) is generally higher (0.55) compared to alpine steppe (0.39). The T/ET values for hover around or below 0.5, indicating a balanced contribution of various ET components. Spatially, both PPT and LAI have an impact on ET and T/ET. PPT emerges as the primary driver of interannual spatial variations in ET, while LAI plays a crucial role in regulating T/ET. Our results further demonstrate that a transition from water-dominated to energy-dominated systems in TP grassland ecosystem at an approximately aridity index of 0.73. This is noteworthy considering the general application of an aridity index of 0.65 to delineate arid from humid regions. It implies that TP grasslands, within the 0.65-0.73 range, remain primarily water-driven. This insight holds substantial implications for comprehending water-energy dynamics in similar ecosystems, challenging the conventional binary categorization of arid and humid areas. Such findings are of immense significance in enhancing understanding of the intricate interactions of the water cycle between land and the atmosphere. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Water supply

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Climatic and Biotic Controls of Evapotranspiration Across Grassland Ecosystems on Tibetan Plateau

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Peng, Siyuan Yang, Yue Luo, Dengnan Zeng, Xiang Liang, Minqi Tao, Long Zhang, Guangru Li, Pan Liao, Weijie Guo, Qun Cao, Ruochen Li, Yuzhe Zhang, Weirong Hu, Zhongmin School of Geography South China Normal University Shipai Campus Guangzhou510631 China Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation School of Ecology and Environment Hainan University Haikou570228 China Center for Eco-Environment Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province Hainan University Haikou570228 China Facility of Geographical Science Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Zhuhai Branch of State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Beijing Normal University Zhuhai519087 China School of Atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Data Center of Terrestrial and Marine Ecosystems Carbon Cycle Sun Yat-sen University Guangdong Zhuhai510245 China Key Lab of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China International Institute for Earth System Sciences Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing University Jiangsu210023 China Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology Key Laboratory for Land Satellite Remote Sensing Applications of Ministry of Natural Resources School of Geography and Ocean Science Nanjing University Jiangsu210023 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Accurately quantifying spatiotemporal variations in evapotranspiration (ET) and its components on Tibetan Plateau (TP) is crucial for understanding the regional water cycle and energy balance. However, the determinant of spatial variations in ET and its component processes in grassland ecosystems of TP remain unclear. In this study, we used 14 sites observation data and applied Shuttleworth-Wallace-Hu (SWH) model to investigate the spatial relationships between ET, its components, and influencing factors. Our results highlighted the good performance of SWH model. There were corresponding drops in ET on alpine meadow and on alpine steppe. And the ratio of ET and precipitation (ET/PPT) of most sites was less than 1 in alpine meadow. Furthermore, the ratio of transpiration (T) and ET (T/ET) in alpine meadow generally exceeded that in alpine steppe. PPT emerged as the primary driver of interannual spatial variations in ET, while LAI played a crucial role in regulating T/ET. Our results further demonstrated that in the grassland ecosystem of TP, as the aridity index increased, the ET gradually transitioned from being primarily influenced by water supply to energy demand. This transition occurred at an aridity index of 0.73 approximately. The results of this study imply that in the context of global warming, with aridity index in TP decreasing, the ET of more ecosystems will shift from energy-led to water-led. Such findings are of immense significance in enhancing our understanding of the intricate interactions of the water cycle between land and the atmosphere. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Water supply

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Microstructure and mechanical properties of solid state recycled 4Cr5MoSiV (H11) steel prepared by powder metallurgy

Results in Materials

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Results in Materials 2021年 10卷

作者： Bhatta, Gyanendra De Los Santos Valladares, Luis Liu, Xinggang Ma, Zhaojun Bustamante Domínguez, A.G. Moreno, N.O. Espinoza Suarez, S.M. Barnes, C.H.W. Zhang, Deliang School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern University Liaoning Shenyang 110819 China Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry (Ministry of Education) Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 China Laboratorio de Ceramicos y Nanomaterailes Facultad de Ciencias Físicas Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Ap. Postal 14-0149 Lima Peru Cavendish Laboratory Department of Physics University of Cambridge UK Cambridge CB3 0HE United Kingdom Departamento de Física Universidade Federal de Sergipe SE São Cristóvão 49100- 000 Brazil

4Cr5MoSiV (H11) steel machining chips were crushed to a powder and then consolidated into discs by hot pressing under various consolidation parameters. The discs were subjected to modified spheroidizing annealing treatment, and their evolved microstructure, tensile mechanical properties and fracture behavior were studied. The microstructure consisted of α−Fe as a matrix, together with heterogeneously distributed non metallic inclusions from the chip-crushing step and precipitated secondary phases. The yield strength, fracture strength and elongation to fracture of the consolidated discs were determined to be in the range of 215∼264 MPa, 344∼415 MPa and 1.2∼2.6%, respectively. The strength of the recycled H11 steel was comparable with that of the ingot metallurgy (IM) H11 steel, but the tensile ductility of the former was significantly lower than that of the latter, being mainly caused by the fracture of the non-metallic inclusions along with the hard secondary phase particles in the IM H11 steel which leads to premature fracture of the samples. The Vickers hardness of the samples were in the range of 144∼194 HV being comparable to that of the IM counterpart. Factographs of the fracture surface demonstrated that the tensile test specimens fractured in a brittle fracture mode. © 2021 The Author(s)

关键词： Brittle fracture H11 Steel Microstructure Modified spheroidizing Solid state recycling Tensile properties

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Unraveling the Oxidation Behaviors of MXenes in Aqueous Systems by Active-Learning-Potential Molecular-Dynamics Simulation

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第32期135卷

作者： Pengfei Hou Yumiao Tian Prof. Yu Xie Prof. Fei Du Prof. Gang Chen Dr. Aleksandra Vojvodic Prof. Jianzhong Wu Dr. Xing Meng Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education) College of Physics Jilin University 130012 Changchun P. R. China Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of Pennsylvania PA 19104 Philadelphia USA Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California CA 92521 Riverside USA Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University 130012 Changchun P. R. China

MXenes are 2D materials with great potential in various applications. However, the degradation of MXenes in humid environments has become a main obstacle in their practical use. Here we combine deep neural networks and an active learning scheme to develop a neural network potential (NNP) for aqueous MXene systems with ab initio precision but low cost. The oxidation behaviors of super large aqueous MXene systems are investigated systematically at nanosecond timescales for the first time. The oxidation process of MXenes is clearly displayed at the atomic level. Free protons and oxides greatly inhibit subsequent oxidation reactions, leading to the degree of oxidation of MXenes to exponentially decay with time, which is consistent with the oxidation rate of MXenes measured experimentally. Importantly, this computational study represents the first exploration of the kinetic process of oxidation of super-sized aqueous MXene systems. It opens a promising avenue for the future development of effective protection strategies aimed at controlling the stability of MXenes.

关键词： MXenes Degradation Neural NetworksActive Learning Oxidation Protection

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Reinforcement Learning-based Non-Autoregressive Solver for Traveling Salesman Problems

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Xiao, Yubin Wang, Di Li, Boyang Chen, Huanhuan Pang, Wei Wu, Xuan Li, Hao Xu, Dong Liang, Yanchun Zhou, You The Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China The Joint NTU-UBC Research Centre of Excellence in Active Living for the Elderly Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore The School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore The School of Computer Science University of Science & Technology of China Hefei230026 China The School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Heriot-Watt University EdinburghEH14 4AS United Kingdom College of Computer National University of Defense Technology Hunan Changsha410073 China The Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Bond Life Sciences Center University of Missouri Columbia United States The School of Computer Science Zhuhai College of Science and Technology Zhuhai519000 China

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is a well-known combinatorial optimization problem with broad real-world applications. Recently, neural networks have gained popularity in this research area because as shown in the literature, they provide strong heuristic solutions to TSPs. Compared to autoregressive neural approaches, non-autoregressive (NAR) networks exploit the inference parallelism to elevate inference speed but suffer from comparatively low solution quality. In this paper, we propose a novel NAR model named NAR4TSP, which incorporates a specially designed architecture and an enhanced reinforcement learning strategy. To the best of our knowledge, NAR4TSP is the first TSP solver that successfully combines RL and NAR networks. The key lies in the incorporation of NAR network output decoding into the training process. NAR4TSP efficiently represents TSP encoded information as rewards and seamlessly integrates it into reinforcement learning strategies, while maintaining consistent TSP sequence constraints during both training and testing phases. Experimental results on both synthetic and real-world TSPs demonstrate that NAR4TSP outperforms five state-of-the-art models in terms of solution quality, inference speed, and generalization to unseen scenarios. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Traveling salesman problem

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Indirect visual guided fracture reduction robot based on external markers

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International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery 2023年 e2153页

作者： Fu, Zhuoxin Sun, Hao Dong, Xinyu Chen, Jianwen Rong, Hongtao Guo, Yue Lin, Shenxin School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Sicience Hebei University of Technology No.8 Guangrong Road Hongqiao District Tiajin300130 China Rehabilitation Hospital National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids No.1 Ronghua Middle Road Da Xing Beijing100176 China Key Laboratory of Human Motion Analysis and Rehabilitation Technology of the Ministry of Civil Affairs No.1 Ronghua Middle Road Da Xing Beijing100176 China Tianjin Medical University General Hospital No.154 Anshan Road He Ping Tianjin300052 China Shanghai Aerospace Control Technology Institute No.1777 Zhongchun Road Minhang District Shanghai201109 China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Inertia No.1777 Zhongchun Road Minhang District Shanghai201109 China

Background: Traditional fracture reduction surgery cannot ensure the accuracy of the reduction while consuming the physical strength of the surgeon. Although monitoring the fracture reduction process through radiography can improve the accuracy of the reduction, it will bring radiation harm to both patients and surgeons. Methods: We proposed a novel fracture reduction solution that parallel robot is used for fracture reduction surgery. The binocular camera indirectly obtains the position and posture of the fragment wrapped by the tissue by measuring the posture of the external markers. According to the clinical experience of fracture reduction, a path is designed for fracture reduction. Then using position-based visual serving control the robot to fracture reduction surgery. The study is approved by the Rehabilitation Hospital, National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids, Beijing, china. Results: 10 virtual cases of fracture were used for fracture reduction experiments. The simulation and model bone experiments are designed respectively. In model bone experiments, the fragments are reduction without collision. The angulation error after the reduction of this method is:3.3°±1.8°, and the axial rotation error is 0.8°±0.3°, the transverse stagger error and the axial direction error after reduction is 2mm±0.5mm and 2.5mm±1mm. After the reduction surgery, the external fixator is used to assist the fixing, and the deformity will be completely corrected. Conclusions: The solution can perform fracture reduction surgery with certain accuracy and effectively reduce the number of radiographic uses during surgery, and the collision between fragments is avoided during surgery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

关键词： Errors

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The Effect in the Production and Luminescence Property of Zn3V2O8 with Eu-doping and the First Principle Calculation of α- Zn3V2O8

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2017年第1期274卷

作者： Jiaolian Luo Ruxue Chen Xiaoming Zhang Special and Key Laboratory of Guizhou Provincial Higher Education for Green Energy-Saving Materials Guiyang550025 China School of materials science and engineering Guizhou Minzu University Guiyang 550025 China College of big data and information engineering Guizhou University Guiyang 550025 China

The Zn3V2O8 and (Zn1-xEux)3V2O8 have been production by Solid phase method. The crystal structure, the crystal morphology and the luminescence property of Zn3V2O8 and (Zn1-xEux)3V2O8 have been studied. Based on the first-principles planar wave super-soft pseudopotential method of density functional theory (DFT), the α-Zn3V2O8 crystal model was used to calculate the electronic structure and optical properties of the model. The results show that the crystal structure of Zn3V2O8 and (Zn1-xEux)3V2O8 were the same, and the particle uniformity of (Zn1-xEux)3V2O8 was better than Zn3V2O8. The emission band Zn3V2O8 and (Zn1-xEux)3V2O8 were present at the wave length of 420-690 nm and 300-400nm, the luminescence property of (Zn1-xEux)3V2O8 was enhance by Eu-doped. α-Zn3V2O8 is an indirect band gap, α-Zn3V2O has a band gap of 2.715eV, pure α-Zn3V2O8 has a peak, appeared at 3.91eV that is caused by the optical transition between V 3d and O 2p states.

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Pda-Coated Ti Implants Doped with Cu and Zn Ions: Enhanced Osteogenic and Antibacterial Properties

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Kang, Jingyang Liu, Chenhui Meng, Sikun Zhang, Mengge Han, Yibing Qi, Cheng Li, Mei Wang, Huachun Zhang, Tianzhen Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University 758 Hefei Road Shandong Qingdao266035 China Key Laboratory for Liquid Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University 17923 Jingshi Road Shandong Jinan250061 China Department of Medical Data Science Center of Medical Innovation and Translational Research Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Yamadaoka 2-2 Osaka565-0871 Japan Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University 758 Hefei Road Shandong Qingdao266035 China Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Qi Lu Hospital of Shandong University Shandong Jinan250012 China Department of Stomatology Shandong Provincial Third Hospital Shandong University 11 Wuyingshan Middle Road Shandong Jinan250031 China

Titanium (Ti) is extensively utilized in dental implants due to its exceptional biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and mechanical properties. Nonetheless, its biological inertness impedes its osteogenic and antimicrobial capabilities, which are essential for implant stability and infection prevention. This study explores the improvement of Ti's surface properties by coating it with polydopamine (PDA) and subsequently doping it with Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ ions. We first prepared Ti-PDA, followed by the fabrication of Ti-PDA-Cu and Ti-PDA-Cu/Zn samples. Material characterization revealed that Ti-PDA-Cu/Zn exhibits greater wettability compared to Ti and can consistently and steadily release Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺. In vitro experiments demonstrated that Ti-PDA-Cu/Zn significantly enhanced the adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization of osteoblasts, increased the expression of osteogenic genes, and demonstrated exceptional antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. This dual-functional surface modification presents a promising approach to augment the osteogenic and antimicrobial properties of Ti implants. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Escherichia coli

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