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A HIGH ORDER SCHEME FOR FRACTIONAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH THE CAPUTO-HADAMARD DERIVATIVE

Journal of Computational Mathematics 2025年第3期43卷 615-640页

作者： Xingyang Ye Junying Cao Chuanju Xu School of Science Jimei UniversityXiamen 361021China School of Data Science and Information Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China School of Mathematical Sciences and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and High Performance Scientific Computing Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

In this paper,we consider numerical solutions of the fractional diffusion equation with theαorder time fractional derivative defined in the Caputo-Hadamard sense.A high order time-stepping scheme is constructed,analyzed,and numerically *** contribution of the paper is twofold:1)regularity of the solution to the underlying equation is investigated,2)a rigorous stability and convergence analysis for the proposed scheme is performed,which shows that the proposed scheme is 3+αorder *** numerical examples are provided to verify the theoretical statement.

关键词： Caputo-Hadamard derivative Fractional differential equations High order scheme Stability and convergence analysis

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Microdroplet splitting and mixing by portable triboelectric nanogenerator

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 741-750页

作者： Qi Gao Qin Xiang Wenkai Liu Mengru Ding Wei Long Jianlong Wang Xiaojun Cheng Hengyu Li Zhong Lin Wang Tinghai Cheng Guangzhou Institute of Blue Energy Knowledge CityHuangpu DistrictGuangzhou 510555China State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101400China Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China

Theadvancementofdigital microfluidics technology has been pivotal in academic research andengineering ***,the prevailing limitation is that traditional voltage sources generate an excess of Joule heat,adversely impacting droplet ***,the power supply equipment required by digital microfluidics limits its ***,we propose a self-powered microdroplet manipulation(SMDM)via triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG),which presents a capability for spliting and mixing different kinds of ***,SMDM is based on the electroosmotic flow principle,thereby enabling droplet spliting in the range of from 2 to 630μ***,for droplet spliting in the range of from 5 to 60μL,the TENG only requires a power output ranging from 2.704 to 6.084 *** addition,SMDM demonstrates proficiency in droplet mixing,which achieves complete mixing of 10μL droplets in 60 s and 30μL droplets in a mere 53 ***,leveraging the strengths of the TENG,a self-powered microdroplet manipulated system is designed for digital *** carries significant advantages over the traditional voltage source,including self-powered,low-Joule heat,increased safety and enhanced *** research provides a new solution for portable applications of digital microfluidics.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerator microdroplet manipulation digital microfluidics droplet splitting droplet mixing

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LLMIdxAdvis: Resource-Efficient Index Advisor Utilizing Large Language Model

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Zhao, Xinxin Li, Haoyang Zhang, Jing Huang, Xinmei Zhang, Tieying Chen, Jianjun Shi, Rui Li, Cuiping Chen, Hong School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering MOE China Engineering Research Center of Database and Business Intelligence MOE China ByteDance China

Index recommendation is essential for improving query performance in database management systems (DBMSs) through creating an optimal set of indexes under specific constraints. Traditional methods, such as heuristic and learning-based approaches, are effective but face challenges like lengthy recommendation time, resource-intensive training, and poor generalization across different workloads and database schemas. To address these issues, we propose LLMIdxAdvis, a resource-efficient index advisor that uses large language models (LLMs) without extensive fine-tuning. LLMIdxAdvis frames index recommendation as a sequence-to-sequence task, taking target workload, storage constraint, and corresponding database environment as input, and directly outputting recommended indexes. It constructs a high-quality demonstration pool offline, using GPT-4-Turbo to synthesize diverse SQL queries and applying integrated heuristic methods to collect both default and refined labels. During recommendation, these demonstrations are ranked to inject database expertise via in-context learning. Additionally, LLMIdxAdvis extracts workload features involving specific column statistical information to strengthen LLM’s understanding, and introduces a novel inference scaling strategy combining vertical scaling (via "Index-Guided Major Voting" and Best-of-N) and horizontal scaling (through iterative "self-optimization" with database feedback) to enhance reliability. Experiments on 3 OLAP and 2 real-world benchmarks reveal that LLMIdxAdvis delivers competitive index recommendation with reduced runtime, and generalizes effectively across different workloads and database schemas. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Query languages

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Lightweight Dual Grouped Large-Kernel Convolutions for Salient Object Detection Network 31st

Lightweight Dual Grouped Large-Kernel Convolutions for Sali...

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31st International Conference on Multimedia Modeling, MMM 2025

作者： Liu, Jiajie Zhang, Zhibin Engineering Research Center of Ecological Big Data Ministry of Education Beijing China Key Laboratory of Wireless Networks and Mobile Computing Inner Mongolia University Hohhot010021 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819620609

Most existing Salient Object Detection (SOD) methods focus on achieving better performance, often resulting in models with a large number of parameters. However, there is limited research on lightweight models in this field. To address this gap, our goal is to maintain performance while reducing the number of network parameters. Thanks to the development of large-kernel convolutions in recent years, we have improved the U2Net as the base network by adding our lightweight dual large-kernel fusion module. Our module better utilizes the depth information of U2Net and, due to the large receptive field of large-kernel convolutions, better captures the relationships between image elements. This allows our network to remain lightweight while maintaining performance. We designed a large-kernel (DLK) fusion module and a lightweight dual grouped large-kernel Unet network (DGLKUNET). Our network uses SRUS (an improved Residual U-blocks module, RUS) to construct DGLKUNET that predicts image contours and labels. Compared to the base RUS network (U2Net), our network reduces the number of parameters by up to 70% and the computational cost by 40% while maintaining performance. Evaluation results on five datasets demonstrate the performance of our lightweight network. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Object recognition

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Improving Adaptive Runoff Forecasts in data-Scarce Watersheds Through Personalized Federated Learning 27th

Improving Adaptive Runoff Forecasts in Data-Scarce Watershe...

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Xie, Zaipeng Zhang, Xiangqin Wang, Yunfei Jie, Xuanyao Fang, Wenhao Cai, Yanping Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources Hohai University Nanjing China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781827

Runoff forecasting plays a crucial role in water resource management and flood mitigation, but it often faces significant challenges due to data deficiency and decentralized datasets. Inadequate hydrological data in many watersheds hinders the development of accurate prediction models, while organizational barriers and concerns about data privacy lead to information silos, preventing effective collaborative modeling. To address these issues, we propose FedHydroDSW, a novel personalized federated learning framework for runoff forecasting in data-scarce watersheds. Our approach enables decentralized model training across multiple organizations without requiring direct data sharing, thus preserving data privacy. FedHydroDSW incorporates unique model similarity metrics and parameter adaptation methods, utilizing insights from data-rich areas to refine forecasts in data-scarce regions. Experiments on the CAMELS dataset show that FedHydroDSW significantly outperforms standalone and conventional federated learning methods, with an average 30.1% increase in NSE, and reductions of 28% in RAE and 26.6% in RMSE across multiple data-scarce basins. By enabling secure cross-silo learning, our FedHydroDSW strategy paves the way toward more equitable runoff forecasting globally. The customized training and pattern recognition techniques represent major progress in deploying federated intelligence for impactful hydrological predictions. Our code is publicly available at https://***/xyjie37/FedHydroDSW. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Federated learning

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Surface-enhanced Raman scattering on nanomaterials for cancer and pathogens diagnosis

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Nano Research 2025年第2期18卷 650-674页

作者： Jingjing Wu Baohong Zhang Lei Xu Yanyu Zhao Tao Chen Jie Lin Anran Li School of Engineering Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People’s Republic of ChinaBeihang UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Optics and Photonics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100089China Shanxi Lu'an Taihang Lubricant Technology Co. Ltd.Changzhi 046204China Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)is a non-invasive spectroscopic technique that provides specific chemical fingerprint information for biomarkers in cancer and pathogen ***,the SERS strategies are limited by the non-specific interactions between substrates and co-existing substances in biological matrices and the challenges of obtaining molecular fingerprint information from the complex vibrational *** recent years,the rapid development of novel substrates with high SERS activity has opened up new opportunities for their applications in cancer and pathogen *** aim of this review is to present the recent progress and perspectives of novel SERS-based substrates for cancer and pathogen diagnostic ***,we will introduce recently developed SERS-active nanomaterials and discuss the influencing factors of the SERS ***,the advantages of SERS in the diagnosis of cancer and pathogens will be ***,we will review the latest breakthroughs in cancer and pathogen detection research with SERS technology,as well as the new opportunities for SERS applications brought about by artificial intelligence(Al)*** addition,the novel microfluidic-SERS platforms for cancer and pathogens diagnosis will also be ***,we will summarize the challenges and future perspectives of SERS technology in the field of early cancer diagnosis and rapid pathogen *** is highly expected that this review could benefit a comprehensive understanding of the research status of the SERS-active nanomaterials and arouse the research enthusiasm for them,leading to accelerated clinical translation of SERS technology in cancer and pathogen diagnosis.

关键词： surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) SERS-active nanomaterials cancer and pathogen diagnosis artificial intelligence(Al)technology

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Solidification modes and delta-ferrite of two types of 316L stainless steels:a combination of as-cast microstructure and HT-CLSM research

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2025年第2期32卷 426-436页

作者： Yang Wang Chao Chen Xiao-yu Yang Zheng-rui Zhang Jian Wang Zhou Li Lei Chen Wang-zhong Mu College of Materials Science and Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm10044Sweden College of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data for Medical Sciences Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical SciencesJinan250117ShandongChina College of Mechanical Engineering Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan030024ShanxiChina Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials(Ministry of Education) Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina

In 316L austenitic stainless steel,the presence of ferrite phase severely affects the non-magnetic properties.316L austenitic stainless steel with low-alloy type(L-316L)and high-alloy type(H-316L)has been *** microstructure and solidification kinetics of the two as-cast grades were in situ observed by high temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy(HT-CLSM).There are significant differences in the as-cast microstructures of the two 316L stainless steel *** L-316L steel,ferrite morphology appears as the short rods with a ferrite content of 6.98%,forming a dual-phase microstructure consisting of austenite and ***,in H-316L steel,the ferrite appears as discontinuous network structures with a content of 4.41%,forming a microstructure composed of austenite and sigma(σ)*** alloying elements in H-316L steel exhibit a complex distribution,with Ni and Mo enriching at the austenite grain ***-CLSM experiments provide the real-time observation of the solidification processes of both 316L specimens and reveal distinct solidification modes:L-316L steel solidifies in an FA mode,whereas H-316L steel solidifies in an AF *** differences result in ferrite and austenite predominantly serving as the nucleation and growth phases,*** solidification mode observed by experiments is similar to the thermodynamic calculation *** L-316L steel solidified in the FA mode and showed minimal element segregation,which lead to a direct transformation of ferrite to austenite phase(δ→γ)during phase transformation after ***,the H-316L steel solidified in the AF mode and showed severe element segregation,which lead to Mo enrichment at grain boundaries and transformation of ferrite into sigma and austenite phases through the eutectoid reaction(δ→σ+γ).

关键词： 316L austenitic stainless steel As-cast microstructure High-temperature confocal laser scanning microscopy Solidification mode Ferrite Characterization

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An Improved Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm with Reduced Initial Search Space 21st

An Improved Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimization Algo...

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21st Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI 2024

作者： Zhiguang, Chu Yingchen, Fan Xiaolei, Zhang Ruyan, Zhang Xing, Zhang School of Electronics and Information Engineering Liaoning University of Technology Jinzhou121000 China Key Laboratory of Security for Network and Data in Industrial Internet of Liaoning Province Jinzhou121000 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819601240

As data dimensions continue to increase, the challenges of data storage become more severe. While feature selection can reduce the complexity of high-dimensional data, existing methods are prone to local optima and high computational costs. To address these issues, this paper proposes a hybrid feature selection method based on MOPSO (Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization). This method first uses a filter approach to narrow the search space, then employs a particle swarm algorithm to generate particles, incorporating mutation, crossover, and selection strategies during particle updates to enhance their search capabilities. Additionally, an archive set is established, utilizing grid-based and density-based methods during the update process to avoid local optima. Finally, the proposed method is compared with two single-objective optimization methods and two multi-objective optimization methods on multiple datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly reduces classification error rates and effectively reduces the number of features, providing an efficient solution for feature selection in high-dimensional data and addressing the challenges in high-dimensional data analysis. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

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YOLOv9-AAG: Distinguishing Birds and Drones in Infrared and Visible Light Scenarios

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 76609-76619页

作者： Suo, Peichun Zhu, Jincan Zhou, Qingyang Kou, Weili Wang, Xiuyan Suo, Wen Yunnan Medical Health Vocational College Information Center Kunming650033 China Southwest Forestry University College of Big Data and Intelligent Engineering Kunming650224 China The Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grass land Administration on Forestry Ecological Big Data Kunming650224 China Yunnan College of Business Management Kunming650106 China

The ability to distinguish between birds and drones is essential for applications in wildlife preservation, aviation security, and defense operations. Reliable identification not only reduces the risk of bird strikes and monitors potential drone threats but also fosters the development of a secure and intelligent ecological environment. However, achieving high precision in recognition under complex and dynamic conditions remains a significant hurdle. To overcome this, we present an advanced detection framework, YOLOv9-AKConv-AFF-GSConv(YOLOv9-AAG), which substantially improves the accuracy of distinguishing birds from drones, even in varied poses, and enhances generalization capabilities in both infrared and visible light scenarios. The framework incorporates several key advancements. First, the GSConv is embedded into the head of the RepNSCPELAN4-AKConv module, enabling efficient extraction of edge and contour information without introducing additional computational cost. Second, the inclusion of the Attentional Feature Fusion (AFF) mechanism within AKConv amplifies the representation of shape features, particularly under challenging environments and multimodal scenarios. Lastly, the optimized AKConv module is effectively integrated with the original RepNSCPELAN4 model, facilitating more accurate and robust feature extraction for small targets, including birds and drones. Experimental evaluations underscore the effectiveness of the proposed framework. On an optical dataset containing multiple bird and drone targets, YOLOv9-AAG achieved recognition accuracy rates of 78.2%, while on an infrared dataset, it reached 86.1%. These results reflect improvements of 7.4% and 6.0%, respectively, over the baseline YOLOv9 model. Additionally, the F1 scores increased by 5.9% and 2.8%. On the publicly available CUB-200-2011 dataset and a combined dataset of visible and infrared images, the model attained mean Average Precision (mAP) scores of 81.9% and 81.6%, respectively, outper

关键词： Birds

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StoryLLaVA: Enhancing Visual Storytelling with Multi-Modal Large Language Models 31

StoryLLaVA: Enhancing Visual Storytelling with Multi-Modal L...

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31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, COLING 2025

作者： Yang, Li Xiao, Zhiding Huang, Wenxin Zhong, Xian Hubei Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Analysis and Application School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hubei University China Hubei Key Laboratory of Transportation Internet of Things School of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Wuhan University of Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761964

The rapid development of multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) has positioned visual storytelling as a crucial area in content creation. However, existing models often struggle to maintain temporal, spatial, and narrative coherence across image sequences and frequently lack the depth and engagement of human-authored stories. To address these challenges, we propose Story with Large Language and Vision Assistant (StoryLLaVA), a novel framework for enhancing visual storytelling. Our approach introduces a Topic-Driven Narrative Optimizer (TDNO) that improves both the training data and MLLM models by integrating image descriptions, topic generation, and GPT-4-based refinements. Furthermore, we employ a preference-based ranked story sampling method that aligns model outputs with human storytelling preferences through positive-negative pairing. These two phases of the framework differ in their training methods: the former uses supervised fine-tuning, while the latter incorporates reinforcement learning with positive and negative sample pairs. Experimental results demonstrate that StoryLLaVA outperforms current models in visual relevance, coherence, and fluency, with LLM-based evaluations confirming the generation of richer and more engaging narratives. The enhanced dataset and model are available at https://***/XxxZzD/StoryLLaVA. © 2025 Association for Computational Linguistics.

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