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arXiv 2021年

作者： Zhao, Yang Ma, Yanbo Chen, Yuan Jia, Wei Wang, Ronggang Liu, Xiaoping The Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei230009 China The School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei230009 China The School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School 2199 Lishui Road Shenzhen518055 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518000 China

Early interlaced videos usually contain multiple and interlacing and complex compression artifacts, which significantly reduce the visual quality. Although the high-definition reconstruction technology for early videos has made great progress in recent years, related research on deinterlacing is still lacking. Traditional methods mainly focus on simple interlacing mechanism, and cannot deal with the complex artifacts in real-world early videos. Recent interlaced video reconstruction deep deinterlacing models only focus on single frame, while neglecting important temporal information. Therefore, this paper proposes a multiframe deinterlacing network joint enhancement network for early interlaced videos that consists of three modules, i.e., spatial vertical interpolation module, temporal alignment and fusion module, and final refinement module. The proposed method can effectively remove the complex artifacts in early videos by using temporal redundancy of multi-fields. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can recover high quality results for both synthetic dataset and real-world early interlaced videos. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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MDPL-net: Multi-layer Dictionary Learning Network with Added Skip Dense Connections

MDPL-net: Multi-layer Dictionary Learning Network with Added...

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IEEE International Conference on data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Zhao Zhang Yulin Sun Zheng Zhang Yang Wang Lin Wu Meng Wang School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University Suzhou China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Bio-Computing Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen) Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9781728183169

ISBN: (纸本)9781728183176

Dictionary learning (DL) is powerful for representation learning, while it fails to capture the deep hierarchical information hidden in data. In this paper, we propose a new generalized end-to-end mulita-layer representation learning architecture referred to as Multi-layer Dictionary Pair Learning Network (MDPL-net) for the deep sparse and hierarchical representation of images. To enable MDPL-net to conduct accurate classification, MDPL-net clearly integrates the skip connection end-to-end network and multi-layer deep sparse dictionary learning into a unified architecture. The representation learning module has several hidden DL blocks, where each hidden DL block has a dictionary pair learning (DPL) layer, a batch-norm layer and an activation function layer, and the DL blocks are connected in a feed-forward manner. To further improve the information flow and maintain the privileged features between different DL blocks, a novel skip dense connectivity pattern is deployed between hidden DL blocks, which can obtain more stable and discriminative features. The DPL layer jointly formulates the discriminative synthesis dictionary and analysis dictionary by minimizing reconstruction error within each batch over the feature maps from front layers. Extensive results on benchmark databases demonstrate the effectiveness of MDPL-net for discriminative representation and robust image classification.

关键词： Dictionaries databases Conferences Machine learning data mining Image reconstruction Image classification

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Meteorology-Assisted Spatio-Temporal Graph Network for Uncivilized Urban Event Prediction

Meteorology-Assisted Spatio-Temporal Graph Network for Unciv...

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IEEE International Conference on data Mining (ICDM)

作者： Yang Luo Zehao Gu Shiyang Zhou Yun Xiong Xiaofeng Gao Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Computer Science and Engineering MoE Key Lab of Artificial Intelligence Shanghai Jiao Tong University Fudan University Shanghai China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science School of Computer Science Fudan University

Uncivilized urban events disrupt urban order and have a detrimental impact on daily life. Recognizing the significant implications of these events, urban managers strive to proactively prevent them by accurately predicting their future occurrence. However, existing methods overlook crucial contextual information within urban scenarios while mining spatio-temporal dependencies in single event series. Fortunately, we discovered a connection between meteorological conditions and uncivilized events. To leverage this relationship, we propose a novel approach named the Meteorology-Assisted Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network (MAST) which integrates meteorological information into the spatio-temporal dependency modeling for predicting urban uncivilized events. Additionally, our approach captures latent regularities in human behavior by explicitly modeling individuals’ psychological states based on meteorological information. We also adopt cross-view contrastive learning between urban regions to dynamically capture the informative components of meteorological information for precise prediction of urban uncivilized events. Experimental evaluations on a real-world dataset demonstrate the superiority of MAST over state-of-theart baselines in terms of predictive performance.

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Towards continuous and passive authentication via touch biometrics: an experimental study on smartphones 14

Towards continuous and passive authentication via touch biom...

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Proceedings of the Tenth USENIX Conference on Usable Privacy and Security

作者： Hui Xu Yangfan Zhou Michael R. Lyu Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Rich Media Big Data Analytics and Applications Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Rich Media Big Data Analytics and Applications Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong and MoE Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies (CUHK Sub-Lab) Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Rich Media Big Data Analytics and Applications Shenzhen Research Institute The Chinese University of Hong Kong and Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9781931971133

Current smartphones generally cannot continuously authenticate users during runtime. This poses severe security and privacy threats: A malicious user can manipulate the phone if bypassing the screen lock. To solve this problem, our work adopts a continuous and passive authentication mechanism based on a user's touch operations on the touchscreen. Such a mechanism is suitable for smartphones, as it requires no extra hardware or intrusive user interface. We study how to model multiple types of touch data and perform continuous authentication accordingly. As a first attempt, we also investigate the fundamentals of touch operations as biometrics by justifying their distinctiveness and permanence. A one-month experiment is conducted involving over 30 users. Our experiment results verify that touch biometrics can serve as a promising method for continuous and passive authentication.

关键词： smartphone touch biometrics continuous authentication

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Statistical insights into HSIC in high dimensions 23

Statistical insights into HSIC in high dimensions

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Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems

作者： Tao Zhang Yaowu Zhang Tingyou Zhou School of Information Management and Engineering Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Shanghai China School of Information Management and Engineering MoE Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research of Computation and Economics Shanghai University of Finance and Economics Shanghai China School of Data Sciences Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics Hangzhou China

Measuring the nonlinear dependence between random vectors and testing for their statistical independence is a fundamental problem in statistics. One of the most popular dependence measures is the Hilbert-Schmidt independence criterion (HSIC), which has attracted increasing attention in recent years. However, most existing works have focused on either fixed or very high-dimensional covariates. In this work, we bridge the gap between these two scenarios and provide statistical insights into the performance of HSIC when the dimensions grow at different rates. We first show that, under the null hypothesis, the rescaled HSIC converges in distribution to a standard normal distribution. Then we provide a general condition for the HSIC based tests to have nontrivial power in high dimensions. By decomposing this condition, we illustrate how the ability of HSIC to measure nonlinear dependence changes with increasing dimensions. Moreover, we demonstrate that, depending on the sample size, the covariate dimensions and the dependence structures within covariates, the HSIC can capture different types of associations between random vectors. We also conduct extensive numerical studies to validate our theoretical results.

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Stacked convolutional sparse auto-encoders for representation learning

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ACM Transactions on knowledge Discovery from data 2021年第2期15卷 31-31页

作者： Zhu, Yi Li, Lei Wu, Xindong School of Information Engineering Yangzhou University China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Hefei University of Technology Ministry of Education Hefei China Mininglamp Academy of Sciences Minininglamp Beijing 100084 China

Deep learning seeks to achieve excellent performance for representation learning in image datasets. However, supervised deep learning models such as convolutional neural networks require a large number of labeled image data, which is intractable in applications, while unsupervised deep learning models like stacked denoising auto-encoder cannot employ label information. Meanwhile, the redundancy of image data incurs performance degradation on representation learning for aforementioned models. To address these problems, we propose a semi-supervised deep learning framework called stacked convolutional sparse auto-encoder, which can learn robust and sparse representations from image data with fewer labeled data records. More specifically, the framework is constructed by stacking layers. In each layer, higher layer feature representations are generated by features of lower layers in a convolutional way with kernels learned by a sparse auto-encoder. Meanwhile, to solve the data redundance problem, the algorithm of Reconstruction Independent Component Analysis is designed to train on patches for sphering the input data. The label information is encoded using a Softmax Regression model for semi-supervised learning. With this framework, higher level representations are learned by layers mapping from image data. It can boost the performance of the base subsequent classifiers such as support vector machines. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superior classification performance of our framework compared to several state-of-the-art representation learning methods. © 2021 ACM.

关键词： Representation learning Sparse auto-encoder

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Production quality early warning method for firearms components based on cloud edge collaboration 23

Production quality early warning method for firearms compone...

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Proceedings of the 2023 4th International Conference on Machine Learning and Computer Application

作者： Jiawei Sun Jia Hao Xiaoning Zhang School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology China School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology China Yangtze Delta Region Academy Beijing Institute of Technology China Key Laboratory of Industry Knowledge & Data Fusion Technology and Application?Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Beijing Institute of Technology China and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Space Environment Simulation Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400709449

Digital transformation in manufacturing has become a trend with the continuous development of cloud computing and edge computing. The production process of firearms components is highly challenging and quality problems in the production process may directly affect the safety of people's lives and property. Thus, this paper proposes a production-quality early warning method for firearms components based on cloud-edge collaboration. Real-time early warning and rapid processing for abnormal conditions in the production process are realized based on cloud data analysis and edge intelligent prediction, thereby improving production efficiency and quality. The cloud edge collaboration framework is developed for cloud training of the long short-term memory models and real-time sample edge acquisition, enhancing the adaptability of quality early warning algorithms under specific conditions and the real-time quality of early warning for firearms components.

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Adaptive Loose Optimization for Robust Question Answering

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ma, Jie Wang, Pinghui Wang, Zewei Kong, Dechen Hu, Min Han, Ting Liu, Jun The Ministry of Education of Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China The Ministry of Education of Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security School of Automation Science and Engineering Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China The China Mobile Research Institute China The Shannxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China

Question answering methods are well-known for leveraging data bias, such as the language prior in visual question answering and the position bias in machine reading comprehension (extractive question answering). Current debiasing methods often come at the cost of significant in-distribution performance to achieve favorable out-of-distribution generalization ability, while non-debiasing methods sacrifice a considerable amount of out-of-distribution performance in order to obtain high in-distribution performance. Therefore, it is challenging for them to deal with the complicated changing real-world situations. In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective novel loss function with adaptive loose optimization, which seeks to make the best of both worlds for question answering. Our main technical contribution is to reduce the loss adaptively according to the ratio between the previous and the current optimization state on mini-batch training data. This loose optimization can be used to prevent non-debiasing methods from overlearning data bias while enabling debiasing methods to maintain slight bias learning. Experiments on the visual question answering datasets, including VQA v2, VQA-CP v1, VQA-CP v2, GQA-OOD, and the extractive question answering dataset SQuAD demonstrate that our approach enables QA methods to obtain state-of-the-art in- and out-of-distribution performance in most cases. The source code has been released publicly in https://***/reml-group/ALO. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Machine learning

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Assessing Extraneous and Intrinsic Cognitive Load in Space Teleoperated Tasks: A Physiological Metrics Study with Cognitive Load Theory

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Yan, Zhao Wang, Yahui Chen, Shanguang Yang, Xiaonan Hua, Yaoguang Fang, Haonan Wang, Chaoran School of Mechanical Engineering Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Yangtze Delta Region Academy Beijing Institute of Technology Jiaxing314019 China Key Laboratory of Industry Knowledge & Data Fusion Technology and Application Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China Astronaut Center of China National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering China

This study aimed to explore the relationship between physiological performance indicators and both intrinsic and extrinsic cognitive loads during a space robot grasping task, which involves teleoperation requiring high levels of spatial and motor coordination, attention, and decision-making. The hypothesis posited that operational mode would influence extrinsic cognitive load, while task difficulty would impact intrinsic cognitive load. Additionally, a correlation was expected between physiological performance indicators and cognitive load. To test this, a 2x2 factorial experiment was conducted with independent variables being task difficulty (high vs. low) and operational mode (joystick vs. keys), and dependent variables including cognitive load, performance, and learning outcomes. Subjective scales were used to assess intrinsic and extrinsic cognitive load, and physiological data were collected to examine their correlation with cognitive load. The results indicate that operational mode and task difficulty significantly affect cognitive load in space exploration contexts. Specifically, the 'Joystick' mode was associated with higher extrinsic cognitive load, likely due to the challenges it presents in precise control during complex tasks. Performance metrics showed that attention allocation varied by operational mode, with the 'Joystick' mode requiring greater focus on the side view and end-effector, in line with cognitive load theory. Physiological metrics, particularly pupil diameter and EEG data, were crucial in understanding these effects;a decrease in pupil diameter with increased task difficulty reflected heightened intrinsic cognitive load. EEG data further revealed significant variations in brain activity across frontal, prefrontal, and occipital regions, with distinct changes in alpha, theta, and beta frequency bands, highlighting the substantial impact of cognitive load on neural processes. These findings underscore the importance of integrating cognitive

关键词： Space research

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data Stream Classification Based on Extreme Learning Machine: A Review

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Big data Research 2022年 30卷

作者： Zheng, Xiulin Li, Peipei Wu, Xindong Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (Hefei University of Technology) Ministry of Education China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230601 China Mininglamp Academy of Sciences Mininglamp Technology Beijing 100084 China

Many daily applications are generating massive amount of data in the form of stream at an ever higher speed, such as medical data, clicking stream, internet record and banking transaction, etc. In contrast to the traditional static data, data streams are of some inherent properties, to name a few, infinite length, concept drift, multiple labels and concept evolution. Among all the data mining tasks, classification is one of the basic topics in data stream mining and has gained more and more attentions among different research communities. Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) has drawn much interests in data classification due to its high efficiency, universal approximation capability, generalization ability, and simplicity, which have greatly inspired the development of many ELM-based algorithms and their applications during the past decades. In this paper, we mainly provide a comprehensive review on ELM theoretical research and its variants in data stream classification, and categorize these algorithms from different perspectives. Firstly, we briefly introduce the basic principles of ELM and its characteristics. Secondly, we give an overview of different ELM variants to address the particular issues of data stream classification. Thirdly, we present an overview of different strategies to optimize the ELM, which have further improved the stability, accuracy and generalization ability of ELM, and briefly introduce some practical applications of ELM in data stream classification. Finally, we conduct several groups of experiments to compare the performance of ELM based models addressing the focused issues. Also, the open issues and prospects of ELM models used for stream classification are discussed, which are worthwhile to be further studied in the future. © 2022

关键词： Classification data stream Extreme learning machine

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