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An Activatable and Reversible Virus-Mimicking NIR-II Nanoprobe for Monitoring the Progression of Viral Encephalitis

Angewandte Chemie 2022年第39期134卷

作者： Hua-Jie Chen Ying Qin Dr. Zhi-Gang Wang Lei Wang Prof. Dai-Wen Pang Prof. Dongbing Zhao Prof. Shu-Lin Liu Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 P. R. China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Methodology (lead) Writing - original draft (equal) State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology Frontiers Science Centre for New Organic Matter Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition Research Centre for Analytical Sciences College of Chemistry and School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Resources (equal) Validation (equal) Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Funding acquisition (supporting) Investigation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Supervision (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Resources (supporting) Software (supporting) Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Resources (supporting) Contribution: Project administration (equal) Resources (equal) Supervision (lead) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Funding acquisition (lead) Project administration (lead) Supervision (lead) Validation (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (equal)

Viral encephalitis is an inflammatory disease of the brain parenchyma and caused by various viral infections. In vivo monitoring of the progression of viral infections can aid accurate diagnosis of viral encephalitis and effective intervention. We developed an activatable and reversible virus-mimicking near-infrared II nanoprobe consisting of an Fe 2+ -coordinated, viral protein-decorated vesicle encapsulating PbS quantum dots with a 1300 nm fluorescence emission. The probe can cross the blood–brain barrier and monitor real-time changes in reactive oxygen and nitrogen species concentrations during viral infection by tuning the quenching level of quantum dots and regulating the fusion–fission behavior of vesicles via changes in Fe oxidation state. This switching strategy reduces background noise and improves detection sensitivity, making this nanoprobe a promising imaging agent for dynamic visualization of viral encephalitis and future clinical applications.

关键词： Bioimaging Quantum Dots Second Near-Infrared Window Viral Encephalitis Virus-Mimicking

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Target-specificity of different amyrin subunits in impeding HCV influx mechanism inside the human cells considering the quantum tunnel profiles and molecular strings of the CD81 receptor: a combined in silico and in vivo study

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In silico pharmacology 2023年第1期11卷 8页

作者： Anika Jabin Mohammad Fahim Uddin Salauddin Al Azad Ashfaque Rahman Fawzia Tabassum Pritthy Sarker A K M Helal Morshed Samiur Rahman Fatima Fairuz Raisa Musfiqur Rahman Sakib Abeer Hasan Olive Tabassum Islam Ramisha Tahsin Shahlaa Zernaz Ahmed Partha Biswas Mst Umme Habiba Mahbuba Siddiquy Maryam Jafary Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology North South University Dhaka 1229 Bangladesh. College of Material Science and Engineering Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou 310018 Zhejiang People's Republic of China. Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology Ministry of Education School of Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China. Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Shahjalal University of Science and Technology Sylhet 3114 Bangladesh. Pathology and Pathophysiology Major Academy of Medical Science Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou City 450001 Henan Province People's Republic of China. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Brac University Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh. Department of Pharmacy Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalganj 8100 Bangladesh. Department of Pharmacy East West University Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh. Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West University Dhaka 1212 Bangladesh. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences North South University Dhaka 1229 Bangladesh. Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore 7408 Bangladesh. Data Science Research Unit RPG Interface Lab Jashore 7400 Bangladesh. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu Province People's Republic of China. Division of Food Safety and Hygiene Department of Environmental Health Engineering School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran *** Iran.

HCV is a hepatotropic RNA virus recognized for its frequent virulence and fatality worldwide. Despite many vaccine development programs underway, researchers are on a quest for natural bioactive compounds due to their multivalent efficiencies against viral infections, considering which the current research aimed to figure out the target-specificity and therapeutic potentiality of α, β, and δ subunits of amyrin, as novel bioactive components against the HCV influx mechanism. Initially, the novelty of amyrin subunits was conducted from 203 pharmacophores, comparing their in-silico pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles. Besides, the best active site of CD81 was determined following the quantum tunneling algorithm. The molecular dynamic simulation was conducted (100 ns) following the molecular docking steps to reveal the parameters- RMSD (Å); Cα; RMSF (Å); MolSA (Å); Rg (nm); PSA (Å); SASA (Å), and the MM-GBSA dG binding scores. Besides, molecular strings of CD81, along with the co-expressed genes, were classified, as responsible for encoding CD81-mediated protein clusters during HCV infection, resulting in the potentiality of amyrins as targeted prophylactics in HCV infection. Finally, in vivo profiling of the oxidative stress marker, liver-specific enzymes, and antioxidant markers was conducted in the DMN-induced mice model, where -amyrin scored the most significant values in all aspects.

关键词： CD81 receptor Co-expressed genes behind HCV invasion DMN-induced hepatic fibrosis HCV infection In-silico pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics Target-specificity of amyrins

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A Dislocated Twin-Locking Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor Configuration for Efficient Delayed Fluorescence with Multiple Through-Space Charge Transfer

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第49期134卷

作者： Dr. Feng-Ming Xie Hao-Ze Li Kai Zhang Yang Shen Prof. Xin Zhao Prof. Yan-Qing Li Prof. Jian-Xin Tang Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Investigation (lead) Methodology (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) School of Physics and Electronic Science Ministry of Education Nanophotonics & Advanced Instrument Engineering Research Center East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 P. R. China Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Macau Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE) Faculty of Innovation Engineering Macau University of Science and Technology Taipa Macau SAR 999078 P. R. China Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Methodology (equal) Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Formal analysis (supporting) School of Chemistry and Life Sciences Suzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou Jiangsu 215009 P. R. China Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Contribution: Supervision (supporting) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Resources (lead) Supervision (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead)

Organic materials featuring intramolecular through-space charge transfer (TSCT) excited states are advantageous for efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), although the realization of multiple TSCT systems remains challenging. Herein, a rigid molecule with a three-dimensional dislocated sandwich acceptor-donor-acceptor configuration has been developed by a linking biphenazine (2PXZ) donor and 2,4,6-triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine (TRZ) acceptor through the twin-locking of two spiro-fluorene bridges. The twin-locking construction with multiple TSCT effects suppresses the intramolecular rotations of various segments in 2PXZ-2TRZ, leading to a small singlet-triplet energy difference, a fast reverse intersystem crossing process, and high photoluminescence quantum yield. This material simultaneously possesses the capabilities of TADF and aggregation-induced emission. The device employing 2PXZ-2TRZ as a dopant displays an optimal external quantum efficiency of 27.1 % and a low efficiency roll-off.

关键词： Multiple Through-Space Charge Transfer Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Twin-Locking Configuration

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Erratum to 'Radiomics analysis of placenta on T2WI facilitates prediction of postpartum haemorrhage: A multicentre study'

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EBioMedicine 2020年 55卷 102773页

作者： Qingxia Wu Kuan Yao Zhenyu Liu Longfei Li Xin Zhao Shuo Wang Honglei Shang Yusong Lin Zejun Wen Xiaoan Zhang Jie Tian Meiyun Wang Department of Medical Imaging Henan Key Laboratory of Neurological Imaging Henan Provincial People's Hospital People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University People's Hospital of Henan University Zhengzhou Henan China. School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Institute of Automation Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China. Collaborative Innovation Centre for Internet Healthcare Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China. Department of Radiology the Third affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China. Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine School of Medicine Beihang University Beijing China. Department of Radiology the Third affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China. Electronic address: zxa@***. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Beijing Advanced Innovation Centre for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine School of Medicine Beihang University Beijing China Engineering Research Centre of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and Technology Xidian University Xi'an Shanxi China. Electronic address: jie.tian@***. Department of Medical Imaging Henan Key Laboratory of Neurological Imaging Henan Provincial People's Hospital People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University People's Hospital of Henan University Zhengzhou Henan China. Electronic address: mywang@***.

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Self-Assembly of Peapod-like Micrometer Tubes from a Planet-Satellite-type Supramolecular Megamer

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第46期134卷

作者： Dr. Fugui Xu Dr. Ke Li Dr. Shanlong Li Chen Li Dr. Chunyang Yu Dr. Yuling Wang Dr. Wenfeng Jiang Prof. Shaoliang Lin Prof. Yiyong Mai Prof. Yongfeng Zhou School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites Shanghai Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Thermal Ageing Shanghai Jiao Tong University 800 Dongchuan Road Shanghai 200240 China Contribution: Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Investigation (lead) Methodology (lead) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Methodology (equal) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Formal analysis (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Software (lead) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Software (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Formal analysis (supporting) Software (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Project administration (supporting) Contribution: Formal analysis (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Project administration (supporting) Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology 130 Meilong Road Shanghai 200237 China Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Methodology (supporting) Project administration (equal) Supervision (equal) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Funding acquisition (lead) Project administration (lead) Supervision (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Formal analysis (equal) Funding acquisition (lead) Methodology (equal) Project

This study presents interesting self-assembly of peapod-like micrometer tubes from a planet-satellite-type supramolecular megamer, which was constructed through the specific host–guest molecular recognition between azobenzene (AZO)-functionalized hyperbranched poly(ethyl-3-oxetanemethanol)- star -poly(ethylene oxide) (HSP-AZO) and β -cyclodextrin(CD)-based hydrophilic hyperbranched polyglycerol (CD- g -HPG). A peapod-like structure with micrometer-sized tube as the pod and vesicles encapsulated inside as the peas was formed through sequential vesicle entosis, linear association, and fusion processes. Dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) simulations support the structural possibility of the supramolecular peapod formation and its mechanism. UV light irradiation could lead to the disassembly of the peapod-like structure. This study expands the family of supramolecular polymers and opens a new avenue to develop bioinspired complex hierarchical nanoarchitectures at the microscopic level.

关键词： Host–Guest Interaction Hyperbranched Polymers Self-Assembly Supramolecular Polymers Vesicles

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Health co-benefits of post-COVID-19 low-carbon recovery in Chinese cities

Nature Cities

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Nature Cities 2024年 695-705页

作者： Chenxi Lu Felix Creutzig Jiawei Hu Yingjian Huang Huibin Mo Ying Yu Yun Li Da Huo Xuanren Song Xiaoting Huang Zhu Liu Yun Sun Kai Liu Shaohui Zhang Karyn Morrissey Jinpyo Hong Zhu Deng Zhuanjia Du Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change Berlin Germany Sustainability Economics of Human Settlements Technical University Berlin Berlin Germany Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School Harvard University Cambridge MA USA Alibaba Cloud Hangzhou China Guangdong Key Laboratory for Urbanization and Geo-simulation School of Geography and Planning Sun Yat-sen University Guangzhou China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation and Carbon Sequestration Institute of Environment and Ecology Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University Shenzhen China Data-Driven EnviroLab Department of Public Policy University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA Faculty of Engineering Science Department of Architecture KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Earth System Science Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling Institute for Global Change Studies Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Civil & Mineral Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China Department of Geography King’s College London London UK Guangdong Holdings Limited Guangzhou China International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Laxenburg Austria Division for Climate and Energy Policy Department of Technology Management and Economics Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark School of Engineering Brown University Providence RI USA Department of Geography University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China Department of Political Science Columbia University New York NY USA

Post-pandemic green recovery is pivotal in achieving global sustainable development goals by simultaneously revitalizing economies and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution and improving public welfare. However, subnational and city-level understanding of green recovery, its efficacy and its alignment with public health is poorly understood. Here we focus on post-COVID-19 low-carbon recovery—economic growth combined with reduced carbon emissions—and explore health co-benefits in Chinese cities. A novel near-real-time daily carbon emission dataset of 48 cities in China is developed, coupled with detailed health and economic municipal statistics and models. We find that, on average, six low-carbon-recovery cities, mainly megacities, saved 1.2 times as many lives per 100,000 population compared with the 42 other cities, and their annual monetary avoided premature deaths per 100,000 population was 1.5 times more than the 42 other cities. The accumulated monetary health co-benefits for low-carbon-recovery cities were US$ 4.2 billion (95% confidence interval, 2.1–6.3) during the post-COVID-19 period. We show that government spending on electric vehicles increases the likelihood of achieving low-carbon recovery in Chinese cities. Our results underscore the significant health co-benefits of low-carbon recovery, pointing to synergies between advancing local welfare and global environmental objectives.

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Unveiling the “Proton Lubricant” Chemistry in Aqueous Zinc-MoS2Batteries

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第50期134卷

作者： Dr. Shengwei Li Chao Huang Prof. Lei Gao Dr. Qiuyu Shen Prof. Ping Li Prof. Xuanhui Qu Prof. Lifang Jiao Prof. Yongchang Liu Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Contribution: Data curation (lead) Investigation (lead) Validation (lead) Writing - original draft (equal) Contribution: Methodology (equal) Software (lead) Contribution: Software (equal) Supervision (supporting) Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (supporting) Contribution: Funding acquisition (equal) Resources (equal) Supervision (equal) Contribution: Funding acquisition (supporting) Resources (supporting) Supervision (supporting) Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Contribution: Supervision (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Funding acquisition (lead) Investigation (lead) Methodology (lead) Resources (lead) Supervision (lead) Validation (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead)

Proton insertion chemistry in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) is becoming a research hotspot owing to its fast kinetics and additional capacities. However, H + storage mechanism has not been deciphered in the popular MoS 2 -based AZIBs. Herein, we innovatively prepared a MoS 2 /poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (MoS 2 /PEDOT) hybrid, where the intercalated PEDOT not only increases the interlayer spacing (from 0.62 to 1.29 nm) and electronic conductivity of MoS 2 , but also activates the proton insertion chemistry. Thus, highly efficient and reversible H + /Zn 2+ co-insertion/extraction behaviors are demonstrated for the first time in aqueous Zn-MoS 2 batteries. More intriguingly, the co-inserted protons can act as lubricants to effectively shield the electrostatic interactions between MoS 2 /PEDOT host and divalent Zn 2+ , enabling the accelerated ion-diffusion kinetics and exceptional rate performance. This work proposes a new concept of “proton lubricant” driving Zn 2+ transport and broadens the horizons of Zn-MoS 2 batteries.

关键词： Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries Cathode DFT Computations MoS2 Proton Lubricant

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EXTP: Enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarization mission

EXTP: Enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarization mission

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Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray

作者： Zhang, S.N. Feroci, M. Santangelo, A. Dong, Y.W. Feng, H. Lu, F.J. Nandra, K. Wang, Z.S. Zhang, S. Bozzo, E. Brandt, S. De Rosa, A. Gou, L.J. Hernanz, M. Van Der Klis, M. Li, X.D. Liu, Y. Orleanski, P. Pareschi, G. Pohl, M. Poutanen, J. Qu, J.L. Schanne, S. Stella, L. Uttley, P. Watts, A. Xu, R.X. Yu, W.F. In't Zand, J.J.M. Zane, S. Alvarez, L. Amati, L. Baldini, L. Bambi, C. Basso, S. Bhattacharyya, S. Bellazzini, R. Belloni, T. Bellutti, P. Bianchi, S. Brez, A. Bursa, M. Burwitz, V. Budtz-Jorgensen, C. Caiazzo, I. Campana, R. Cao, X.L. Casella, P. Chen, C.Y. Chen, L. Chen, T.X. Chen, Y. Chen, Y. Chen, Y.P. Civitani, M. Zelati, F. Coti Cui, W. Cui, W.W. Dai, Z.G. Del Monte, E. De Martino, D. Di Cosimo, S. Diebold, S. Dovciak, M. Donnarumma, I. Doroshenko, V. Esposito, P. Evangelista, Y. Favre, Y. Friedrich, P. Fuschino, F. Galvez, J.L. Gao, Z.L. Ge, M.Y. Gevin, O. Goetz, D. Han, D.W. Heyl, J. Horak, J. Hu, W. Huang, F. Huang, Q.S. Hudec, R. Huppenkothen, D. Israel, G.L. Ingram, A. Karas, V. Karelin, D. Jenke, P.A. Ji, L. Kennedy, T. Korpela, S. Kunneriath, D. Labanti, C. Li, G. Li, X. Li, Z.S. Liang, E.W. Limousin, O. Lin, L. Ling, Z.X. Liu, H.B. Liu, H.W. Liu, Z. Lu, B. Lund, N. Lai, D. Luo, B. Luo, T. Ma, B. Mahmoodifar, S. Marisaldi, M. Martindale, A. Meidinger, N. Men, Y.P. Michalska, M. Mignani, R. Minuti, M. Motta, S. Muleri, F. Neilsen, J. Orlandini, M. Pan, A.T. Patruno, A. Perinati, E. Picciotto, A. Piemonte, C. Pinchera, M. Rachevski, A. Rapisarda, M. Rea, N. Rossi, E.M.R. Rubini, A. Sala, G. Shu, X.W. Sgro, C. Shen, Z.X. Soffitta, P. Song, L.M. Spandre, G. Stratta, G. Strohmayer, T.E. Sun, L. Svoboda, J. Tagliaferri, G. Tenzer, C. Tong, H. Taverna, R. Torok, G. Turolla, R. Vacchi, A. Wang, J. Wang, J.X. Walton, D. Wang, K. Wang, J.F. Wang, R.J. Wang, Y.F. Weng, S.S. Wilms, J. Winter, B. Wu, X. Wu, X.F. Xiong, S.L. Xu, Y.P. Xue, Y.Q. Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sc iences Beijing100049 China IAPS INAF Via del Fosso del Cavaliere 100 Rome00133 Italy IAAT University of Tuebingen Sand 1 Tuebingen72076 Germany ISDC Geneve University Chemin d'Ecogia 16 Versoix1290 Switzerland National Space Institute Technical University of Denmark Elektrovej Bld 327 Kgs Lyngby2800 Denmark Campus UAB C/Magrans s/n Barcelona Spain DPNC Geneve University Quai Ernest-Ansermet 30 Geneva1205 Switzerland Astrophysics Science Division Joint Space-Science Institute NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD20771 United States Department of Engineering Physics Center for Astrophysics Tsinghua University Beijing100084 China Key Laboratory of Advanced Microstructured Materials Ministry of Education Institute of Precision Optical Engineering School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200090 China National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences 20A Datun Road Chaoyang District Beijing China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory 80 Nandan Road Shanghai200030 China Nanjing University 22 Hankou Road Nanjing Jiangsu210093 China Purdue University 525 Northwestern Avenue West LafayetteIN47907 United States Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics Giessenbachstr. 1 Garching Germany Peking University No.5 Yiheyuan Road Haidian District Beijing100871 China Center for Field Theory and Particle Physics Department of Physics Fudan University Shanghai200433 China University of Alabama in Huntsville HuntsvilleAL35805 United States INAF OA Roma Via Frascati 33 Monte Porzio Catone00040 Italy Anton Pannekoek Institute University of Amsterdam Postbus 94249 Amsterdam Netherlands SRON Sorbonnelaan 2 Utrecht3584 CA Netherlands Leiden Observatory Niels Bohrweg 2 LeidenNL-2333 CA Netherlands ASTRON Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy Postbus 2 Dwingeloo7990 AA Netherlands 2

ISBN: (纸本)9781510601895

EXTP is a science mission designed to study the state of matter under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. Primary goals are the determination of the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, the measurement of QED effects in highly magnetized star, and the study of accretion in the strong-field regime of gravity. Primary targets include isolated and binary neutron stars, strong magnetic field systems like magnetars, and stellar-mass and supermassive black holes. The mission carries a unique and unprecedented suite of state-of-the-art scientific instruments enabling for the first time ever the simultaneous spectral-timing-polarimetry studies of cosmic sources in the energy range from 0.5-30 keV (and beyond). key elements of the payload are: the Spectroscopic Focusing Array (SFA) - a set of 11 X-ray optics for a total effective area of ∼0.9 m2 and 0.6 m2 at 2 keV and 6 keV respectively, equipped with Silicon Drift Detectors offering 2, between 6 and 10 keV, and spectral resolution better than 250 eV;the Polarimetry Focusing Array (PFA) - a set of 2 X-ray telescope, for a total effective area of 250 cm2 at 2 keV, equipped with imaging gas pixel photoelectric polarimeters;the Wide Field Monitor (WFM) - a set of 3 coded mask wide field units, equipped with position-sensitive Silicon Drift Detectors, each covering a 90 degrees × 90 degrees field of view. The eXTP international consortium includes major institutions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Universities in China, as well as major institutions in several European countries and the United States. The predecessor of eXTP, the XTP mission concept, has been selected and funded as one of the so-called background missions in the Strategic Priority Space Science Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences since 2011. The strong European participation has significantly enhanced the scientific capabilities of eXTP. The planned launch date of the mission is earlier than 2025. © 2016 SPIE.

关键词： Polarimeters

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Soil fungal and bacterial communities are altered by the incorporation of leaf litter containing a fungal endophyte

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European Journal of Soil Science 2022年第3期73卷

作者： Yuanyuan Jin Xuekai Wei James F. White Taixiang Chen Xiuzhang Li Zhenjiang Chen Chunjie Li State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems Lanzhou University Lanzhou China Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Lanzhou China Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry Ministry of Education Lanzhou China Gansu Tech Innovation Centre of Western China Grassland Industry Lanzhou China Centre for Grassland Microbiome Lanzhou University Lanzhou China College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Methodology (equal) Software (equal) Visualization (equal) Writing - original draft (equal) Contribution: Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Methodology (equal) Resources (equal) Software (equal) Writing - original draft (equal) Department of Plant Biology Rutgers University New Brunswick New Jersey USA Contribution: Funding acquisition (supporting) Validation (supporting) Writing - review & editing (lead) Contribution: Software (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science Qinghai University Xining China Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Visualization (supporting) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Funding acquisition (supporting) Project administration (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Funding acquisition (lead) Project administration (lead) Resources (supporting) Writing - review & editing (lead)

Litter decomposition plays a key role in nutrient cycling across ecosystems. The presence of Epichloë endophytes in grass plants affects litter decomposition. The overall effects of leaf litter containing Epichloë endophytes on the chemical and biological properties in non-rhizosphere soils have not previously been examined. The current study is aimed to understand the effect of direct incorporation of leaf litter from Epichloë endophyte-infected perennial ryegrass ( Lolium perenne ) on soil chemical characteristics, and fungal and bacterial biodiversity. Firstly, fresh leaf litter of the endophyte Epichloë festucae var. lolii -infected (E+) and endophyte-free (E−) L. perenne were incorporated into the soil, and then samples were collected from E+ and E− litter incorporated soil at T 0 , T 1 , T 2 and T 3 (0, 120, 240 and 360 days) for chemical and sequencing analyses. The Epichloë -containing leaf litter incorporation changed the soil microbial environment by enhancing the soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus, NH 4 + –N and NO 3 − –N contents, and acidifying soil pH. The endophyte had stronger effects on soil bacteria than soil fungi when the litter was determined with and without the endophyte. Litter containing the Epichloë endophyte significantly increased the absolute abundance of the 16S rRNA gene and relative abundances of the Actinobacteria, Nitrospirae and Gemmatimonadetes, while significantly decreasing the relative abundances of the Planctomycetes and Rokubacteria and the diversity in soil bacteria community. There was no significant effect of endophyte-containing leaf litter incorporation on the absolute abundance and diversity of the soil fungal community except the increment in the relative abundance of Rozellomycota. Soil pH and the SOC-to-TN ratio (C:N) were the main factors influencing the soil bacterial community, and the presence of E. festucae var. lolii was directly and positively related to the soil bacterial diversi

关键词： amplicon sequencing Epichloë festucae var lolii litter incorporation Lolium perenne soil fungi and bacteria

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3-hydroxybutyrate in the brain: Biosynthesis, function, and disease therapy

Brain‐X

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Brain‐X 2023年第1期1卷

作者： Bing-Long Wang Jian-Fei Wu Da Xiao Bo Wu Dai-Xu Wei Zigong Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University Zigong Psychiatric Research Center Zigong Institute of Brain Science Zigong Sichuan Province China Contribution: Conceptualization Supervision Visualization Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Contribution: Validation Visualization Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Department of Chemical System Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Contribution: Visualization Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology University of Texas Health San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Department of Life Sciences and Medicine Ministry of Education School of Medicine Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi Province China Contribution: Conceptualization Data curation Funding acquisition Investigation Methodology Project administration Resources Supervision Visualization Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing

3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), or BHB, is an anionic small molecule acid metabolite with a hydroxyl group. 3HB is the major ketone body that is distributed in the human brain and its primary energy source when glucose is absent. A better understanding of 3HB and how to adapt neuronal response mechanisms is expected to facilitate the development of new interventions to promote cognitive brain function and prevent neurodegenerative diseases. It provides important concepts for the clinical application of 3HB therapy. This review summarizes the distribution of 3HB in the brain, its properties, and its mechanism in brain and nerve regulation. We focus on 3HB biosynthesis in natural human cells and engineered bacteria via synthetic biology platforms and 3HB treatment in various brain and nerve diseases, including epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, stroke, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, depressive disorder, and schizophrenia. Ultimately, this review explores the future development trend of 3HB as a potential small-molecule drug for brain and nerve diseases.

关键词： 3-hydroxybutyrate ketogenic diet ketone body polyhydroxyalkanoates synthetic biology

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