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Gram-level NH3Electrosynthesis via NOxreduction on a Cu Activated Co Electrode

Angewandte Chemie 2023年第1期136卷

作者： Dong-Xue Liu Zhe Meng Prof. Yong-Fu Zhu Xue-Feng Sun Xin Deng Dr. Miao-Miao Shi Qi Hao Xia Kang Dr. Tian-Yi Dai Prof. Hai-Xia Zhong Prof. Jun-Min Yan Prof. Qing Jiang Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of Education School of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin University Changchun 130022 China Contribution: Investigation (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Writing - original draft (supporting) Contribution: Resources (supporting) Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting) Data curation (supporting) Investigation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Project administration (supporting) Visualization (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) School of Engineering Westlake University Hangzhou Zhejiang 310030 China Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Contribution: Methodology (supporting) Software (supporting) Visualization (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting) Supervision (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (equal) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Project administration (lead) Resources (lead) Supervision (lead) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (lead) Contribution: Resources (supporting) Software (supporting)

Ambient electrochemical ammonia (NH 3 ) synthesis is one promising alternative to the energy-intensive Haber–Bosch route. However, the industrial requirement for the electrochemical NH 3 production with amperes current densities or gram-level NH 3 yield remains a grand challenge. Herein, we report the high-rate NH 3 production via NO 2 − reduction using the Cu activated Co electrode in a bipolar membrane (BPM) assemble electrolyser, wherein BPM maintains the ion balance and the liquid level of electrolyte. Benefited from the abundant Co sites and optimal structure, the target modified Co foam electrode delivers a current density of 2.64 A cm −2 with the Faradaic efficiency of 96.45 % and the high NH 3 yield rate of 279.44 mg h −1 cm −2 in H-type cell using alkaline electrolyte. Combined with in situ experiments and theoretical calculations, we found that Cu optimizes the adsorption behavior of NO 2 − and facilitates the hydrogenation steps on Co sites toward a rapid NO 2 − reduction process. Importantly, this activated Co electrode affords a large NH 3 production up to 4.11 g h −1 in a homemade reactor, highlighting its large-scale practical feasibility.

关键词： Ammonia Synthesis Amperes Current Bipolar Membrane Integration Electrode NOx Reduction

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Annealing in Argon Universally Upgrades the Na-Storage Performance of Mn-Based Layered Oxide Cathodes by Creating Bulk Oxygen Vacancies

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第15期135卷

作者： Dr. Junteng Jin Prof. Yongchang Liu Dr. Xudong Zhao Prof. Hui Liu Prof. Shiqing Deng Dr. Qiuyu Shen Ying Hou Prof. He Qi Prof. Xianran Xing Prof. Lifang Jiao Prof. Jun Chen Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Department of Physical Chemistry University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Contribution: Data curation (lead) Investigation (lead) Methodology (lead) Validation (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology State Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and Materials University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Funding acquisition (lead) Methodology (lead) Resources (lead) Supervision (lead) Validation (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead) Contribution: Software (lead) Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (supporting) Contribution: Formal analysis (supporting) Contribution: Writing - review & editing (supporting) Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China Contribution: Supervision (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Formal analysis (equal) Funding acquisition (lead) Investigation (equal) Methodology (equal) Resources (lead) Supervision (lead) Validation (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead)

Manganese-rich layered oxide cathodes of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are extremely promising for large-scale energy storage owing to their high capacities and cost effectiveness, while the Jahn–Teller (J–T) distortion and low operating potential of Mn redox largely hinder their practical applications. Herein, we reveal that annealing in argon rather than conventional air is a universal strategy to comprehensively upgrade the Na-storage performance of Mn-based oxide cathodes. Bulk oxygen vacancies are introduced via this method, leading to reduced Mn valence, lowered Mn 3 d- orbital energy level, and formation of the new-concept Mn domains. As a result, the energy density of the model P2-Na 0.75 Mg 0.25 Mn 0.75 O 2 cathode increases by ≈50 % benefiting from the improved specific capacity and operating potential of Mn redox. The Mn domains can disrupt the cooperative J–T distortion, greatly promoting the cycling stability. This exciting finding opens a new avenue towards high-performance Mn-based oxide cathodes for SIBs.

关键词： Cathode DFT Computations Mn-Based Layered Oxides Oxygen Vacancy Sodium-Ion Batteries

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Biaxially-Strained Phthalocyanine at Polyoxometalate@Carbon Nanotube Heterostructure Boosts Oxygen Reduction Catalysis

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第42期135卷

作者： Prof. Sheng Zhu Lingtong Ding Xuehuan Zhang Kun Wang Prof. Xiao Wang Prof. Feng Yang Prof. Gaoyi Han Institute of Molecular Science Key Lab of Materials for Energy Conversion and Storage of Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China Institute for Carbon-Based Thin Film Electronics Peking University Shanxi (ICTFE-PKU) Taiyuan 030012 China Contribution: Formal analysis (lead) Funding acquisition (lead) Methodology (lead) Resources (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead) Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China Contribution: Data curation (equal) Methodology (equal) Validation (equal) Visualization (equal) Contribution: Formal analysis (supporting) Investigation (supporting) Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen 518055 China Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Funding acquisition (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Visualization (equal) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Funding acquisition (supporting) Investigation (equal) Methodology (equal) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Project administration (supporting) Supervision (equal)

Iron phthalocyanine (FePc) with unique FeN 4 site has attracted increasing interests as a promising non-precious catalyst. However, the plane symmetric structure endows FePc with undesired catalytic performance toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, we report a novel one-dimensional heterostructured ORR catalyst by coupling FePc at polyoxometalate-encapsulated carbon nanotubes (FePc-{PW 12 }@NTs) using host-guest chemistry. The encapsulation of polyoxometalates can induce a local tensile strain of single-walled NTs to strengthen the interactions with FePc. Both the strain and curvature effects of {PW 12 }@NT scaffold tune the geometric structure and electronic localization of FeN 4 centers to enhance the ORR catalytic performance. As expected, such a heterostructured FePc-{PW 12 }@NT electrocatalyst exhibits prominent durability, methanol tolerance, and ORR activity with a high half-wave potential of 0.90 V and a low Tafel slope of 30.9 mV dec −1 in alkaline medium. Besides, the assembled zinc-air battery demonstrates an ultrahigh power density of 280 mW cm −2 , excellent charge/discharge ability and long-term stability over 500 h, outperforming that of the commercial Pt/C+IrO 2 cathode. This study offers a new strategy to design novel heterostructured catalysts and opens a new avenue to regulate the electrocatalytic performance of phthalocyanine molecules.

关键词： Carbon Nanotubes Electrocatalyst Oxygen Reduction Phthalocyanine Polyoxometalates

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Synchronous Elimination of Excess Photoinstable PbI2and Interfacial Band Mismatch for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

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Angewandte Chemie 2023年第1期136卷

作者： Jiacheng He Wangping Sheng Jia Yang Yang Zhong Qianqian Cai Yikun Liu Zhao Guo Prof. Licheng Tan Prof. Yiwang Chen College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Institute of Polymers and Energy Chemistry (IPEC) Nanchang University 999 Xuefu Avenue Nanchang 330031 China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Investigation (lead) Methodology (lead) Supervision (lead) Validation (lead) Visualization (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead) Contribution: Conceptualization (equal) Data curation (equal) Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (equal) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Laboratory of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal University 99 Ziyang Avenue Nanchang 330022 China Contribution: Formal analysis (supporting) Investigation (supporting) Software (supporting) Supervision (supporting) Visualization (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Project administration (supporting) Resources (supporting) Software (supporting) Contribution: Data curation (supporting) Formal analysis (supporting) Project administration (supporting) Validation (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting) Formal analysis (supporting) Investigation (supporting) Validation (supporting) Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Methodology (supporting) Peking University Yangtze Delta Insititute of Optoelectronics 60 Chongzhou Avenue Nantong 226010 China Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting) Data curation (supporting) Formal analysis (supporting) Funding acquisition (lead) Investigation (supporting) Project administration (lead) Resources (lead) Supervision (lead) Writing - original draft (lead) Writing - review & editing (lead) Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Data curation (supporting

Eliminating the undesired photoinstability of excess lead iodide (PbI 2 ) in the perovskite film and reducing the energy mismatch between the perovskite layer and heterogeneous interfaces are urgent issues to be addressed in the preparation of perovskite solar cells (PVSCs) by two-step sequential deposition method. Here, the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (EMIMBF 4 ) is employed to convert superfluous PbI 2 to more robust 1D EMIMPbI 3 which can withstand lattice strain, while forming an interfacial dipole layer at the SnO 2 /perovskite interface to reconfigure the interfacial energy band structure and accelerate the charge extraction. Consequently, the unencapsulated PVSCs device attains a champion efficiency of 24.28 % with one of the highest open-circuit voltage (1.19 V). Moreover, the unencapsulated devices showcase significantly improved thermal stability, enhanced environmental stability and remarkable operational stability accompanied by 85 % of primitive efficiency retained over 1500 h at maximum power point tracking under continuous illumination.

关键词： Defect Passivation Energy Level Reconfiguration Excess PbI2 Interfacial Dipole Layer Perovskite Solar Cells

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Harmonized-Multinational qEEG norms (HarMNqEEG)

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NEUROIMAGE 2022年 256卷 119190-119190页

作者： Li, Min Wang, Ying Lopez-Naranjo, Carlos Hu, Shiang Reyes, Ronaldo Cesar Garcia Paz-Linares, Deirel Areces-Gonzalez, Ariosky Hamid, Aini Ismafairus Abd Evans, Alan C. Savostyanov, Alexander N. Calzada-Reyes, Ana Villringer, Arno Tobon-Quintero, Carlos A. Garcia-Agustin, Daysi Yao, Dezhong Dong, Li Aubert-Vazquez, Eduardo Reza, Faruque Razzaq, Fuleah Abdul Omar, Hazim Abdullah, Jafri Malin Galler, Janina R. Ochoa-Gomez, John F. Prichep, Leslie S. Galan-Garcia, Lidice Morales-Chacon, Lilia Valdes-Sosa, Mitchell J. Trondle, Marius Zulkifly, Mohd Faizal Mohd Rahman, Muhammad Riddha Bin Abdul Milakhina, Natalya S. Langer, Nicolas Rudych, Pavel Koenig, Thomas Virues-Alba, Trinidad A. Lei, Xu Bringas-Vega, Maria L. Bosch-Bayard, Jorge F. Valdes-Sosa, Pedro Antonio [a]The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation School of Life Science and Technology University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu China [b]Cuban Center for Neurocience La Habana Cuba [c]McGill Centre for Integrative Neuroscience Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health Montreal Neurological Institute Canada [d]Department of Neurosciences School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus Kota Bharu Kelantan 16150 Malaysia [e]Brain and Behaviour Cluster School of Medical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus Kota Bharu Kelantan 16150 Malaysia [f]Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus Kota Bharu Kelantan 16150 Malaysia [g]Humanitarian Institute Novosibirsk State University Novosibirsk 630090 Russia [h]Laboratory of Psychophysiology of Individual Differences Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine Novosibirsk 630117 Russia [i]Laboratory of Psychological Genetics at the Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Novosibirsk 630090 Russia [j]University of Pinar del Río “Hermanos Saiz Montes de Oca” Pinar del Río Cuba [k]Department of Neurology Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences Leipzig Germany [l]Department of Cognitive Neurology University Hospital Leipzig Leipzig Germany [m]Center for Stroke Research Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany [n]Grupo Neuropsicología y Conducta - GRUNECO Faculty of Medicine Universidad de Antioquia Colombia [o]Research Department Institución Prestadora de Servicios de Salud IPS Universitaria Colombia [p]The Cuban center aging longevity and health Havana Cuba [q]Research Unit of NeuroInformation Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Chengdu 2019RU035 China [r]School of Electrical Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 4500

This paper extends frequency domain quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) methods pursuing higher sensitivity to detect Brain Developmental Disorders. Prior qEEG work lacked integration of cross-spectral information omitting important functional connectivity descriptors. Lack of geographical diversity precluded accounting for site-specific variance, increasing qEEG nuisance variance. We ameliorate these weaknesses. (i) Create lifespan Riemannian multinational qEEG norms for cross-spectral tensors. These norms result from the HarMNqEEG project fostered by the Global Brain Consortium. We calculate the norms with data from 9 countries, 12 devices, and 14 studies, including 1564 subjects. Instead of raw data, only anonymized metadata and EEG cross spectral tensors were shared. After visual and automatic quality control, developmental equations for the mean and standard deviation of qEEG traditional and Riemannian DPs were calculated using additive mixed-effects models. We demonstrate qEEG "batch effects " and provide methods to calculate harmonized z-scores. (ii) We also show that harmonized Riemannian norms produce z-scores with increased diagnostic accuracy predicting brain dysfunction produced by malnutrition in the first year of life and detecting COVID induced brain dysfunction. (iii) We offer open code and data to calculate different individual z-scores from the HarMNqEEG dataset. These results contribute to developing bias-free, low-cost neuroimaging technologies applicable in various health settings.

关键词： Quantitative EEG EEG cross-spectrum Riemannian geometry Batch effects Z-score Harmonization Malnutrition Covid induced brain dysfunction Developmental Brain Chart

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Radio detection of an elusive millisecond pulsar in the Globular Cluster NGC 6397

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Zhang, Lei Ridolfi, Alessandro Blumer, Harsha Freire, Paulo C.C. Manchester, Richard N. McLaughlin, Maura Kremer, Kyle Cameron, Andrew D. Zhang, Zhiyu Behrend, Jan Burgay, Marta Buchner, Sarah Champion, David J. Chen, Weiwei Dai, Shi Feng, Yi Fu, Xiaoting Guo, Meng Hobbs, George Keane, Evan F. Kramer, Michael Levin, Lina Li, Xiangdong Ni, Mengmeng Pan, Jingshan Padmanabh, Prajwal V. Possenti, Andrea Ransom, Scott M. Tsai, Chao-Wei Krishnan, Vivek Venkatraman Wang, Pei Zhang, Jie Zhi, Qijun Zhang, Yongkun Li, Di National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences A20 Datun Road Chaoyang District Beijing100101 China Centre for Astrophysics and Supercomputing Swinburne University of Technology P.O. Box 218 HawthornVIC3122 Australia SelargiusI-09047 Italy Department of Physics and Astronomy West Virginia University MorgantownWV26506 United States Max-Planck Institut für Radioastronomie Auf dem Hügel 69 BonnD-53121 Germany CSIRO Space and Astronomy Australia Telescope National Facility PO Box 76 EppingNSW1710 Australia TAPIR California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA91125 United States The Observatories of the Carnegie Institution for Science PasadenaCA91101 United States Swinburne University of Technology Mail H74 PO Box 218 VIC3122 Australia School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Ministry of Education Nanjing210093 China South African Radio Astronomy Observatory Fir Street Black River Park Cape Town7925 South Africa School of Science Western Sydney University Locked Bag 1797 PenrithNSW2751 Australia Research Center for Intelligent Computing Platforms Zhejiang Laboratory Hangzhou311100 China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing210023 China National Supercomputing Center in Jinan Qilu University of Technology 28666 East Jingshi Road Licheng Distrist Jinan250103 China Jinan Institute of Supercomputing Technology 28666 East Jingshi Road Licheng Distrist Jinan250103 China School of Physics Trinity College Dublin College Green Dublin Ireland Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Department of Physics and Astronomy The University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom HannoverD-30167 Germany MonserratoI-09042 Italy NRAO 520 Edgemont Road CharlottesvilleVA22903 United States College of Physics and Electronic Engineering Qilu Normal University 2 Wenbo Road Zhangqiu District Jinan250200 China Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Radio

We report the discovery of a new 5.78 ms-period millisecond pulsar (MSP), PSR J1740−5340B (NGC 6397B), in an eclipsing binary system discovered with the Parkes radio telescope (now also known as Murriyanga), Australia, and confirmed with the MeerKAT radio telescope in South Africa. The measured orbital period, 1.97 days, is the longest among all eclipsing binaries in globular clusters (GCs) and consistent with that of the coincident X-ray source U18, previously suggested to be a ‘hidden MSP’. Our XMM-Newton observations during NGC 6397B’s radio quiescent epochs detected no X-ray flares. NGC 6397B is either a transitional MSP or an eclipsing binary in its initial stage of mass transfer after the companion star left the main sequence. The discovery of NGC 6397B potentially reveals a subgroup of extremely faint and heavily obscured binary pulsars, thus providing a plausible explanation to the apparent dearth of binary neutron stars in core-collapsed GCs as well as a critical constraint on the evolution of GCs. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mass transfer

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BigNeuron: a resource to benchmark and predict performance of algorithms for automated tracing of neurons in light microscopy datasets

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Nature methods 2023年第6期20卷 824-835页

作者： Linus Manubens-Gil Zhi Zhou Hanbo Chen Arvind Ramanathan Xiaoxiao Liu Yufeng Liu Alessandro Bria Todd Gillette Zongcai Ruan Jian Yang Miroslav Radojević Ting Zhao Li Cheng Lei Qu Siqi Liu Kristofer E Bouchard Lin Gu Weidong Cai Shuiwang Ji Badrinath Roysam Ching-Wei Wang Hongchuan Yu Amos Sironi Daniel Maxim Iascone Jie Zhou Erhan Bas Eduardo Conde-Sousa Paulo Aguiar Xiang Li Yujie Li Sumit Nanda Yuan Wang Leila Muresan Pascal Fua Bing Ye Hai-Yan He Jochen F Staiger Manuel Peter Daniel N Cox Michel Simonneau Marcel Oberlaender Gregory Jefferis Kei Ito Paloma Gonzalez-Bellido Jinhyun Kim Edwin Rubel Hollis T Cline Hongkui Zeng Aljoscha Nern Ann-Shyn Chiang Jianhua Yao Jane Roskams Rick Livesey Janine Stevens Tianming Liu Chinh Dang Yike Guo Ning Zhong Georgia Tourassi Sean Hill Michael Hawrylycz Christof Koch Erik Meijering Giorgio A Ascoli Hanchuan Peng Institute for Brain and Intelligence Southeast University Nanjing China. Microsoft Corporation Redmond WA USA. Tencent AI Lab Bellevue WA USA. Computing Environment and Life Sciences Directorate Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA. Kaya Medical Seattle WA USA. University of Cassino and Southern Lazio Cassino Italy. Center for Neural Informatics Structures and Plasticity Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study George Mason University Fairfax VA USA. Faculty of Information Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China. Beijing International Collaboration Base on Brain Informatics and Wisdom Services Beijing China. Nuctech Netherlands Rotterdam the Netherlands. Janelia Research Campus Howard Hughes Medical Institute Ashburn VA USA. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta Canada. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computation and Signal Processing Anhui University Hefei China. Paige AI New York NY USA. Scientific Data Division and Biological Systems and Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National Lab Berkeley CA USA. Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and Redwood Center for Theoretical Neuroscience UC Berkeley Berkeley CA USA. RIKEN AIP Tokyo Japan. Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST) The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan. School of Computer Science University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia. Texas A&M University College Station TX USA. Cullen College of Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan. National Centre for Computer Animation Bournemouth University Poole UK. PROPHESEE Paris France. Department of Neuroscience Columbia University New York NY USA. Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute Columbia University New York NY USA. Department of Computer Science Northern Illinois Universit

BigNeuron is an open community bench-testing platform with the goal of setting open standards for accurate and fast automatic neuron tracing. We gathered a diverse set of image volumes across several species that is representative of the data obtained in many neuroscience laboratories interested in neuron tracing. Here, we report generated gold standard manual annotations for a subset of the available imaging datasets and quantified tracing quality for 35 automatic tracing algorithms. The goal of generating such a hand-curated diverse dataset is to advance the development of tracing algorithms and enable generalizable benchmarking. Together with image quality features, we pooled the data in an interactive web application that enables users and developers to perform principal component analysis, t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding, correlation and clustering, visualization of imaging and tracing data, and benchmarking of automatic tracing algorithms in user-defined data subsets. The image quality metrics explain most of the variance in the data, followed by neuromorphological features related to neuron size. We observed that diverse algorithms can provide complementary information to obtain accurate results and developed a method to iteratively combine methods and generate consensus reconstructions. The consensus trees obtained provide estimates of the neuron structure ground truth that typically outperform single algorithms in noisy datasets. However, specific algorithms may outperform the consensus tree strategy in specific imaging conditions. Finally, to aid users in predicting the most accurate automatic tracing results without manual annotations for comparison, we used support vector machine regression to predict reconstruction quality given an image volume and a set of automatic tracings.

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A new, faint population of X-ray transients

arXiv

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arXiv 2017年

作者： Bauer, Franz E. Treister, Ezequiel Schawinski, Kevin Schulze, Steve Luo, Bin Alexander, David M. Brandt, William N. Comastri, Andrea Forster, Francisco Gilli, Roberto Kann, David Alexander Maeda, Keiichi Nomoto, Kenichi Paolillo, Maurizio Ranalli, Piero Schneider, Donald P. Shemmer, Ohad Tanaka, Masaomi Tolstov, Alexey Tominaga, Nozomu Tozzi, Paolo Vignali, Cristian Wang, Junxian Xue, Yongquan Yang, Guang Instituto de Astrofísica Facultad de Física Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile 306 Santiago 22 Chile Nuncio Monseñor Sótero Sanz 100 Providencia Santiago Chile Space Science Institute 4750 Walnut Street Suite 205 BoulderCO80301 United States EMBIGGEN Anillo Concepción Chile Departamento de Astronomía Universidad de Concepción Casilla 160-C Concepción Chile Institute for Astronomy Department of Physics ETH Zurich Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27 ZurichCH-8093 Switzerland School of Astronomy and Space Science Nanjing University Nanjing210093 China Ministry of Education Nanjing210093 China Department of Physics Durham University DurhamDH1 3LE United Kingdom Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics Pennsylvania State University 525 Davey Lab University ParkPA16802 United States Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Department of Physics 104 Davey Laboratory Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna via Ranzani 1 Bologna40127 Italy Centro de Modelamiento Matemático Universidad de Chile Av. Blanco Encalada 2120 Piso 7 Santiago Chile Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg Sternwarte 5 Tautenburg07778 Germany Department of Astronomy Kyoto University Kitashirakawa-Oiwake-cho Sakyo-ku Kyoto606-8502 Japan University of Tokyo KashiwaChiba277-8583 Japan Hamamatsu Department of Physics University Federico II via Cintia 9 Naples80126 Italy INFN - Sezione di Napoli via Cinthia 9 Naples80126 Italy Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Science Data Center via del Politecnico snc Roma00133 Italy Lund Observatory Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics Lund University Box 43 Lund22100 Sweden Department of Physics University of North Texas DentonTX76203 National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Engineering Konan University 8-

We report on the detection of a remarkable new fast high-energy transient found in the Chandra Deep Field-South, robustly associated with a faint (mR = 27.5 mag, zph∼2.2) host in the CANDELS survey. The X-ray event is comprised of 115+−1211 net 0.3–7.0 keV counts, with a light curve characterised by a ≈100 s rise time, a peak 0.3–10 keV flux of ≈5×10−12 erg s−1 cm−2, and a power-law decay time slope of −1.53 ± 0.27. The average spectral slope is Γ = 1.43+−00..2313, with no clear spectral variations. The X-ray and multi-wavelength properties effectively rule out the vast majority of previously observed high-energy transients. A few theoretical possibilities remain: an "orphan" X-ray afterglow from an off-axis short-duration Gamma-ray Burst (GRB) with weak optical emission;a low-luminosity GRB at high redshift with no prompt emission below ∼20 keV rest-frame;or a highly beamed Tidal Disruption Event (TDE) involving an intermediate-mass black hole and a white dwarf with little variability. However, none of the above scenarios can completely explain all observed properties. Although large uncertainties exist, the implied rate of such events is comparable to those of orphan and low-luminosity GRBs as well as rare TDEs, implying the discovery of an untapped regime for a known transient class, or a new type of variable phenomena whose nature remains to be determined. Copyright © 2017, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Luminance

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Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals distinct immune cell subsets in phalangeal and soft-tissue recurrence of giant cell tumor of bone

Medicine Advances

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Medicine Advances 2023年第1期1卷

作者： Meiling Yang Fen Wang Huishan Liang Genxin Ji Yating Lian Changye Zou Wei Zhao Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou China Medical Research Institute Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences) Southern Medical University Guangzhou China Contribution: Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (lead) Investigation (lead) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) Department of Pathology The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China Contribution: Investigation (lead) Validation (lead) Contribution: Investigation (supporting) Validation (supporting) The Second School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou China Contribution: Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Validation (supporting) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Musculoskeletal Oncology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China Wei Zhao Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital No.106 Zhongshan Road II Guangzhou 510080 China Contribution: Conceptualization (supporting) Funding acquisition (equal) Resources (lead) Supervision (supporting) Writing - original draft (supporting) Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Ministry of Education Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou China Changye Zou Department of Musculoskeletal Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University No.58 Zhongshan Road II Guangzhou 510080 China. Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Funding acquisition (equal) Supervision (lead) Writing - original draft (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal)

Background Giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB), an intermediate locally aggressive neoplasm that frequently involves the epiphyseal region of the long bones. GCTB of the distal phalanx and soft-tissue recurrences are extremely rare. Little is known about the cellular and molecular differences between GCTB of the long bones and rare sites. Methods We employed single-cell RNA sequencing to elucidate the transcriptional profiles of 28,992 cells originating from patients afflicted with GCTB in the femur, distal phalanx, and soft-tissue relapse. To confirm the critical findings, we subjected the paraffin sections of GCTB to immunohistochemical staining. Results Our study revealed that GCTBs in rare sites display distinct immune subtypes and antigen presentation gene signatures. We observed minimal lymphocyte infiltration in GCTBs of the phalanx. Further analyses demonstrated that the transforming growth factor-β pathway and profibrotic proteins were significantly upregulated in phalanx lesions. In contrast, GCTB cells from soft-tissue recurrence exhibited discernible chondrocyte characteristics but presented lower antigen-presenting ability compared to those from femur lesions. Notably, we identified an immunosuppressive subset of mast cells in the soft-tissue recurrence. The secretion of proangiogenic and immunosuppressive factors from these mast cells suggests their potential role in the formation of vascular-rich and immunosuppressive niches in recurrent lesions. Conclusions Collectively, this study broadens our comprehension of the gene expression patterns observed in infrequent location GCTBs and furnishes a repository of information for illuminating promising therapeutic targets for rare GCTBs.

关键词： giant cell tumor of bone phalangeal GCTB rare site GCTB single-cell RNA sequencing soft-tissue recurrence of GCTB

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Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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The Lancet 2020年第10258期396卷 1204-1222页

作者： Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Kaja M. Abbasi, Mohammad Abbasifard, Mitra Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbastabar, Hedayat Abd-Allah, Foad Abdelalim, Ahmed Abdollahi, Mohammad Abdollahpour, Ibrahim Abedi, Aidin Abedi, Parisa Abegaz, Kedir Hussein Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Aboyans, Victor Abrams, Elissa M. Abreu, Lucas Guimarães Abrigo, Michael R.M. Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid Abualhasan, Ahmed Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Abushouk, Abdelrahman I. Acebedo, Alyssa Ackerman, Ilana N. Adabi, Maryam Adair, Tim Adamu, Abdu A. Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi Adekanmbi, Victor Adelson, Jaimie D. Adeoye, Abiodun Moshood Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adham, Davoud Advani, Shailesh M. Afarideh, Mohsen Afshari, Mahdi Afshin, Ashkan Agardh, Emilie E. Agarwal, Gina Agasthi, Pradyumna Agesa, Kareha M. Aghaali, Mohammad Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Agrawal, Anurag Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmadi, Alireza Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Mehdi Ahmadieh, Hamid Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Aji, Budi Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Akinyemiju, Tomi Akombi, Blessing Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Khurshid Alam, Noore Alam, Samiah Alam, Tahiya Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Albertson, Samuel B. Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alema, Niguse Meles Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta Alhabib, Khalid F. Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Muhammad Ali, Saqib Alicandro, Gianfranco Alijanzadeh, Mehran Alinia, Cyrus Alipour, Vahid Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Alla, François Allebeck, Peter Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad Almasi, Ali Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Almasri, Nihad A. Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Almulhim, Abdulaziz M. Alonso, Jordi Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alumran, Arwa Khalid Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Amare, Azmeraw T. Amare, Bekalu Amini, Saeed Amini-Rarani, Mostafa Aminorroaya, Arya Amiri, Fatemeh Amit, Arianna Maever L. Amugsi, Dickson A. Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera Anbesu, Etsay Woldu Ancuceanu, Robert Anderl Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Social Determinants of Health Research Center Tehran Iran Department of Neurology Cairo University Cairo Egypt School of Pharmacy Tehran Iran The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) Tehran Iran Neuroscience Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran Biostatistics Department Near East University Nicosia Cyprus Biostatistics and Health Informatics Madda Walabu University Bale Robe Ethiopia Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Department of Cardiology Dupuytren University Hospital Limoges France University of Limoges Limoges France Department of Pediatric Dentistry Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Department of Research Philippine Institute for Development Studies Quezon City Philippines Department of Healthcare Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran School of Medicine Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom School of Laboratory Medicine and Science University College Hospital Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa School of Health Ardabil University of Medical Science Ardabil Iran Social Behavioral Research Branch National Institute of Health Bethesda MD United States Department of Oncology Georgetown University Washington DC DC United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine Seattle WA

Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw value

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