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arXiv 2023年

作者： Wan, Wei Ning, Yuxuan Hu, Shengshan Xue, Lulu Li, Minghui Zhang, Leo Yu Jin, Hai School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Software Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Information and Communication Technology Griffith University Australia National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System China Services Computing Technology and System Lab China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security China Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security China Cluster and Grid Computing Lab China

Federated learning (FL) and split learning (SL) are prevailing distributed paradigms in recent years. They both enable shared global model training while keeping data localized on users' devices. The former excels in parallel execution capabilities, while the latter enjoys low dependence on edge computing resources and strong privacy protection. Split federated learning (SFL) combines the strengths of both FL and SL, making it one of the most popular distributed architectures. Furthermore, a recent study has claimed that SFL exhibits robustness against poisoning attacks, with a fivefold improvement compared to FL in terms of robustness. In this paper, we present a novel poisoning attack known as MISA. It poisons both the top and bottom models, causing a misalignment in the global model, ultimately leading to a drastic accuracy collapse. This attack unveils the vulnerabilities in SFL, challenging the conventional belief that SFL is robust against poisoning attacks. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our proposed MISA poses a significant threat to the availability of SFL, underscoring the imperative for academia and industry to accord this matter due attention. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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A new steganography without embedding based on adversarial training 20

A new steganography without embedding based on adversarial t...

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2020 ACM Turing Celebration Conference - China, ACM TURC 2020

作者： Jiang, Wenjie Hu, Donghui Yu, Cong Li, Meng Zhao, Zhong-Qiu Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Hefei University of Technology Ministry of Education and College of Computer Science and Information Engineering !!!Hefei University of Technology Hefei China College of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei230601 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450375344

Steganography is an art to hide information in the carriers to prevent from being detected, while steganalysis is the opposite art to detect the presence of the hidden information. With the development of deep learning, several state-of-the-art steganography and steganalysis based on deep learning techniques have been proposed to improve hiding or detection capabilities. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) based steganography directly uses the minimax game between the generator and discriminator, to automatically generate steganography algorithms resisting being detected by powerful steganalysis. The steganography without embedding (SWE) based on GANs, where the generated cover images themselves are stego ones carrying secret information has shown its state-of-the-art steganography performance. However, SWE based on GANs has serious weaknesses, such as low information recovery accuracy, low steganography capacity and poor natural showing. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a new SWE based on adversarial training, with carefully designed generator, discriminator and extractor, as well as their loss functions and optimized training mode. The proposed method can achieve a very high information recovery accuracy (100% in some cases), and at the same time improve the steganography capacity and image quality. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： Steganography

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Disentangled Representation Learning with Transmitted Information Bottleneck

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dang, Zhuohang Luo, Minnan Jia, Chengyou Dai, Guang Wang, Jihong Chang, Xiaojun Wang, Jingdong The School of Computer Science and Technology The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Networks and Network Security The Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Shaanxi Xi’an710049 China The SGIT AI Laboratory Xi’an710048 China The State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Ltd. State Grid Corporation of China Xi’an710048 China The School of Information Science and Technology University of Science and Technology of China Hefei230026 China Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Baidu Inc Beijing100085 China

Encoding only the task-related information from the raw data, i.e., disentangled representation learning, can greatly contribute to the robustness and generalizability of models. Although significant advances have been made by regularizing the information in representations with information theory, two major challenges remain: 1) the representation compression inevitably leads to performance drop;2) the disentanglement constraints on representations are in complicated optimization. To these issues, we introduce Bayesian networks with transmitted information to formulate the interaction among input and representations during disentanglement. Building upon this framework, we propose DisTIB (Transmitted Information Bottleneck for Disentangled representation learning), a novel objective that navigates the balance between information compression and preservation. We employ variational inference to derive a tractable estimation for DisTIB. This estimation can be simply optimized via standard gradient descent with a reparameterization trick. Moreover, we theoretically prove that DisTIB can achieve optimal disentanglement, underscoring its superior efficacy. To solidify our claims, we conduct extensive experiments on various downstream tasks to demonstrate the appealing efficacy of DisTIB and validate our theoretical analyses. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Information theory

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Size-invariance matters: rethinking metrics and losses for imbalanced multi-object salient object detection 24

Size-invariance matters: rethinking metrics and losses for i...

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Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning

作者： Feiran Li Qianqian Xu Shilong Bao Zhiyong Yang Runmin Cong Xiaochun Cao Qingming Huang Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China and School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Information Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China and School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan China and Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and System Control Ministry of Education Jinan China School of Cyber Science and Tech. Shenzhen Campus Sun Yat-sen University School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China and Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China and Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This paper explores the size-invariance of evaluation metrics in Salient Object Detection (SOD), especially when multiple targets of diverse sizes co-exist in the same image. We observe that current metrics are size-sensitive, where larger objects are focused, and smaller ones tend to be ignored. We argue that the evaluation should be size-invariant because bias based on size is unjustified without additional semantic information. In pursuit of this, we propose a generic approach that evaluates each salient object separately and then combines the results, effectively alleviating the imbalance. We further develop an optimization framework tailored to this goal, achieving considerable improvements in detecting objects of different sizes. Theoretically, we provide evidence supporting the validity of our new metrics and present the generalization analysis of SOD. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. The code is available at https://***/Ferry-Li/SI-SOD.

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Image manipulation detection by multi-view multi-scale supervision

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Chen, Xinru Dong, Chengbo Ji, Jiaqi Cao, Juan Li, Xirong MoE Key Lab of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Renmin University of China AIMC Lab School of Information Renmin University of China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence Production Technology and Systems

The key challenge of image manipulation detection is how to learn generalizable features that are sensitive to manipulations in novel data, whilst specific to prevent false alarms on authentic images. Current research emphasizes the sensitivity, with the specificity overlooked. In this paper we address both aspects by multi-view feature learning and multi-scale supervision. By exploiting noise distribution and boundary artifact surrounding tampered regions, the former aims to learn semantic-agnostic and thus more generalizable features. The latter allows us to learn from authentic images which are nontrivial to be taken into account by current semantic segmentation network based methods. Our thoughts are realized by a new network which we term MVSS-Net. Extensive experiments on five benchmark sets justify the viability of MVSS-Net for both pixel-level and image-level manipulation detection. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Image Manipulation Detection by Multi-View Multi-Scale Supervision

Image Manipulation Detection by Multi-View Multi-Scale Super...

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International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)

作者： Xinru Chen Chengbo Dong Jiaqi Ji Juan Cao Xirong Li MoE Key Lab of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Renmin University of China AIMC Lab School of Information Renmin University of China Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence Production Technology and Systems

ISBN: (纸本)9781665428132

关键词： Representation learning Image segmentation Computer vision Sensitivity Costs Image edge detection Semantics

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Web Log Analysis in Genealogy System

Web Log Analysis in Genealogy System

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IEEE International Conference on Big knowledge (ICBK)

作者： Xiaojian Liu Yi Zhu Shengwei Ji Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (Hefei University of Technology) China

ISBN: (数字)9781728181561

ISBN: (纸本)9781728181578

A large amount of log data is generated every moment in many real-world applications. System logs, mobile application logs, web logs etc., all of which contain rich information and can be analyzed for valuable information. At the same time, genealogy attracts more and more attention in recent decades, especially for Chinese. People utilize the genealogy system to seek roots, find source of family, build a family tree and so on. Due to the complexity of genealogy data and specific features of genealogy system, how to extract and analyze the valued genealogy information effectively is a huge challenge. Motivated by this, we propose a novel analysis method using web logs in genealogy system for drawing user profile and providing personalized recommendations. More specifically, firstly, all web logs are extracted from genealogy system based on the enhanced logs which record the behaviors and data of user. Secondly, the extracted logs are formatted for analysis, and we analyze the logs to extract various user-related attributes for drawing user profile. Finally, personalized recommendations like interested people and family tree are provided for each user in system. The high availability and effectiveness of our proposed method is verified on genealogy system-Huapu system.

关键词： data mining databases data visualization Tools Big data Feature extraction knowledge engineering

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Rule-enhanced Noisy knowledge Graph Embedding via Low-quality Error Detection

Rule-enhanced Noisy Knowledge Graph Embedding via Low-qualit...

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IEEE International Conference on Big knowledge (ICBK)

作者： Yan Hong Chenyang Bu Tingting Jiang Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (Hefei University of Technology) Ministry of Education China

ISBN: (数字)9781728181561

ISBN: (纸本)9781728181578

knowledge graphs (KGs) have been widely applied in many fields such as recommendation systems and knowledge reasoning. Embedding KGs into a continuous vector space has quickly gained significant attention. However, most traditional KG embedding models assume that all the facts in the existing KGs are completely correct, ignoring that KG construction usually involves automatic mechanisms. These automatic construction processes inevitably generate a lot of noises and conflicts, including low-quality errors (e.g., entity type errors). Moreover, these low-quality noises could greatly influence the quality of rule extraction, which may reduce the efficiency of Rule-Guided Embedding model (RUGE). To address this problem, an efficient method to eliminate those entity type errors in triples is proposed and applied to RUGE. Experimental results demonstrate that the filtering of low-quality noises can greatly improve the accuracy of knowledge representation learning as well as the quality of rules, further illustrating the effectiveness of our method.

关键词： Noise measurement Semantics knowledge representation data mining Predictive models data models

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An Abnormal data Analysis and Processing Method for Genealogy Graph databases

An Abnormal Data Analysis and Processing Method for Genealog...

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IEEE International Conference on Big knowledge (ICBK)

作者： Jianxuan Shao Guliu Liu Shengwei Ji Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (Hefei University of Technology) China

ISBN: (数字)9781728181561

ISBN: (纸本)9781728181578

Large amounts of data are generated continually in the real world. The objects in the data and the relationships between them have become increasingly complex. Graph is a powerful tool for representing these data and the complex relationships between them. To effectively describe the entities and connections in these data, the concept of a knowledge graph was proposed, and knowledge graph has become one of the bases for storing graph data, and the importance of it is self-evident. Genealogy data is a kind of graph data where nodes are used to represent the person in the genealogy data, and edges are used to represent the relationship between the person. Moreover, in a genealogy graph database, the "critical" relationship that is unique for an entity is defined. In contrast, the abnormal data derive from the existence of multiple "critical" relationships between entities. In a genealogy graph, abnormal data will cause the wrong relationships and redundant entities. To avoid such abnormal data in genealogy graph database, the abnormal data are categorized into four different types, and the corresponding processing methods are proposed for each type of abnormal data, respectively. The experiment results demonstrate that the processing method can effectively solve these abnormal data.

关键词： databases Biology Task analysis Anomaly detection data models knowledge engineering Big data

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Automatically Labeling Aging Scenarios with a Machine Learning Approach 1

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24th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCII 2022

作者： An, Ning Xu, Yang Gao, Qinglin Zhu, Wenjie Wu, Aoran Chen, Honglin School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data of Ministry of Education Hefei University of Technology Hefei China National Smart Eldercare International S&T Cooperation Base Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Intelligent Interconnected Systems Laboratory of Anhui Province Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Shanghai Tianyu Senior Living Service Co. Ltd. Shanghai China School of Basic Courses Bengbu Medical College Bengbu China Management and Business Department Skidmore College Saratoga SpringsNY United States Department of Social Sciences University of Eastern Finland Kuopio70150 Finland

ISBN: (数字)9783031179020

ISBN: (纸本)9783031179013

Older adults have diversified needs often associated with particular aging scenarios. People started to use aging scenarios to provide better Smart Eldercare services and develop innovative solutions. The problem is how to manage these scenarios effectively. To our best knowledge, this study is the first to develop a model to provide a structured framework of aging scenarios for research and teaching of eldercare services. Labeling aging scenarios can facilitate their collection, classification, and consolidation within this model. This study uses the automatic labeling approach to manage and utilize aging scenarios. Under each class, there are labels with different numbers and smaller granularity to reflect the requirements in each scenario case. Since a scenario case often involves more than one label, properly labeling it becomes a multi-label text classification problem. We extend the multi-label text classification model LSAN for labeling aging scenario cases. For evaluation purposes, we collected 938 scenario cases as the dataset. Experimental results show that our proposed method can achieve an average accuracy of 61.66%, better than other classical methods. © 2022, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Classification (of information)

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