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Do we measure novelty when we analyze unusual combinations of cited references? A validation study of bibliometric novelty indicators based on F1000Prime data

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Bornmann, Lutz Tekles, Alexander Zhang, Helena H. Ye, Fred Y. Division for Science and Innovation Studies Administrative Headquarters of the Max Planck Society Hofgartenstr. 8 Munich80539 Germany Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich Department of Sociology Konradstr. 6 Munich80801 Germany Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Data Engineering Knowledge Service School of Information Management Nanjing University Nanjing210023 China Nanjing University Nanjing China University of Illinois Champaign United States

Lee, Walsh, and Wang (2015) – based on Uzzi, Mukherjee, Stringer, and Jones (2013) – and Wang, Veugelers, and Stephan (2017) proposed scores based on cited references (cited journals) data which can be used to measure the novelty of papers (named as novelty scores U and W in this study). Although previous research has used novelty scores in various empirical analyses, no study has been published up to now – to the best of our knowledge – which quantitatively tested the convergent validity of novelty scores: do these scores measure what they propose to measure? Using novelty assessments by faculty members (FMs) at F1000Prime for comparison, we tested the convergent validity of the two novelty scores (U and W). FMs’ assessments not only refer to the quality of biomedical papers, but also to their characteristics (by assigning certain tags to the papers): for example, are the presented findings or formulated hypotheses novel (tags "new findings" and "hypothesis")? We used these and other tags to investigate the convergent validity of both novelty scores. Our study reveals different results for the novelty scores: the results for novelty score U are mostly in agreement with previously formulated expectations. We found, for instance, that for a standard deviation (one unit) increase in novelty score U, the expected number of assignments of the "new finding" tag increase by 7.47%. The results for novelty score W, however, do not reflect convergent validity with the FMs’ assessments: only the results for some tags are in agreement with the expectations. Thus, we propose – based on our results – the use of novelty score U for measuring novelty quantitatively, but question the use of novelty score W. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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A Novel Texture Generation Super Resolution Model

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Procedia Computer Science 2019年 162卷 924-931页

作者： Biao Li Yong Shi Sujuan Li Bo Wang Zhiquan Qi Jiabin Liu School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408 China Research Center on Fictitious Economy and Data Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China College of Information Science and Technology University of Nebraska at Omaha NE 68182 USA Department of Otology the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University No. 1 eastern Jianshe road Zhengzhou Henan 450052 China School of Information Technology and Management University of International Business and Economics Beijing 100029 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas A&M University TX 77843 USA

Recently, super-resolution methods pursue visual pleasant details attract more attention in academic circle. Unlike former accurate driving models, they leverage new losses measured the difference of features extracting from a pre-trained deep learning model. Moreover, the popular GANs structure are introduced to approach better outputs. In general, these new visual feeling promoting losses are constrained by the learning ability of model and effected by the weakness of GANs. In order to address these problems, we propose a novel SR method to generating abundant details. Based on former SR methods and texture generated models, we combine new model constructure and integrated loss function to achieve our goal. The new constructure derives from the very thought that more information from the LR input leads to more accurate results. The new integrated loss try to decrease the weakness of each one by corresponding loss.. Experiments show that our model achieves higher quality generations than former methods.

关键词： Super Resolution Multi Scale Smooth Loss Visual Quality

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IRTED-TL: An Inter-Region Tax Evasion Detection Method Based on Transfer Learning

IRTED-TL: An Inter-Region Tax Evasion Detection Method Based...

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IEEE International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom)

作者： Xulyu Zhu Zheng Yan Jianfei Ruan Qinghua Zheng Bo Dong School of Electronic and Information Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University China State Key Laboratory on Integrated Services Networks Xidian University China National Engineering Lab for Big Data Analytics Xi'an Jiaotong University China

Tax evasion detection plays a crucial role in addressing tax revenue loss. Many efforts have been made to develop tax evasion detection models by leveraging machine learning techniques, but they have not constructed a uniform model for different geographical regions because an ample supply of training examples is a fundamental prerequisite for an effective detection model. When sufficient tax data are not readily available, the development of a representative detection model is more difficult due to unequal feature distributions in different regions. Existing methods face a challenge in explaining and tracing derived results. To overcome these challenges, we propose an Inter-Region Tax Evasion Detection method based on Transfer Learning (IRTED-TL), which is optimized to simultaneously augment training data and induce interpretability into the detection model. We exploit evasion-related knowledge in one region and leverage transfer learning techniques to reinforce the tax evasion detection tasks of other regions in which training examples are lacking. We provide a unified framework that takes advantage of auxiliary data using a transfer learning mechanism and builds an interpretable classifier for inter-region tax evasion detection. Experimental tests based on real-world tax data demonstrate that the IRTED-TL can detect tax evaders with higher accuracy and better interpretability than existing methods.

关键词： Finance Feature extraction Biological system modeling data models Learning systems Training Training data

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s-LWSR: Super lightweight super-resolution network

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Li, Biao Liu, Jiabin Wang, Bo Qi, Zhiquan Shi, Yong School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408 China Research Center on Fictitious Economy and Data Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Information Technology and Management University of International Business and Economics Beijing100029 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX77843 United States College of Information Science and Technology University of Nebraska OmahaNE68182 United States

Deep learning (DL) architectures for super-resolution (SR) normally contain tremendous parameters, which has been regarded as the crucial advantage for obtaining satisfying performance. However, with the widespread use of mobile phones for taking and retouching photos, this character greatly hampers the deployment of DL-SR models on the mobile devices. To address this problem, in this paper, we propose a super lightweight SR network: s-LWSR. There are mainly three contributions in our work. Firstly, in order to efficiently abstract features from the low resolution image, we build an information pool to mix multi-level information from the first half part of the pipeline. Accordingly, the information pool feeds the second half part with the combination of hierarchical features from the previous layers. Secondly, we employ a compression module to further decrease the size of parameters. Intensive analysis confirms its capacity of trade-off between model complexity and accuracy. Thirdly, by revealing the specific role of activation in deep models, we remove several activation layers in our SR model to retain more information for performance improvement. Extensive experiments show that our s-LWSR, with limited parameters and operations, can achieve similar performance to other cumbersome DL-SR methods. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Chemical activation

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NaCdSb: An Orthorhombic Zintl Phase with Exceptional Intrinsic Thermoelectric Performance

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Angewandte Chemie 2022年第3期135卷

作者： Kai Guo Yuting Zhang Song Yuan Qinghang Tang Chen Lin Pengfei Luo Jiong Yang Shusheng Pan Li-Dong Zhao Guofeng Cheng Jiye Zhang Jun Luo School of Physics and Materials Science Guangzhou University Guangzhou 510006 China Research Center for Advanced Information Materials (CAIM) Huangpu Research & Graduate School of Guangzhou University Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City Huangpu District Guangzhou 510555 China Contribution: Conceptualization (lead) Formal analysis (equal) Writing - original draft (lead) School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China Contribution: Data curation (equal) Investigation (equal) Validation (lead) Contribution: Data curation (lead) Formal analysis (equal) Materials Genome Institute Shanghai University 99 Shangda Road Shanghai 200444 China Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro- and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education and School of Physics and Technology Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China Contribution: Investigation (equal) Contribution: Investigation (equal) Methodology (supporting) Contribution: Investigation (equal) Writing - review & editing (supporting) School of Materials Science and Engineering Beihang University Beijing 100191 China Contribution: Methodology (equal) Writing - review & editing (equal) Analysis & Testing Center for Inorganic Materials Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China Contribution: Formal analysis (equal) Investigation (supporting) Contribution: Data curation (equal) Writing - review & editing (supporting) Contribution: Supervision (lead) Writing - review & editing (equal)

Many Zintl phases are promising thermoelectric materials owning to their features like narrow band gaps, multiband behaviors, ideal charge transport tunnels, and loosely bound cations. Herein we show a new Zintl phase NaCdSb with exceptional intrinsic thermoelectric performance. Pristine NaCdSb exhibits semiconductor behaviors with an experimental hole concentration of 2.9×10 18 cm −3 and a calculated band gap of 0.5 eV. As the temperature increases, the hole concentration rises gradually and approaches its optimal one, leading to a high power factor of 11.56 μW cm −1 K −2 at 673 K. The ultralow thermal conductivity is derived from the small phonon group velocity and short phonon lifetime, ascribed to the structural anharmonicity of Cd−Sb bonds. As a consequence, a maximum zT of 1.3 at 673 K has been achieved without any doping optimization or structural modification, demonstrating that NaCdSb is a remarkable thermoelectric compound with great potential for performance improvement.

关键词： Electron-Crystal NaCdSb Phonon-Glass Thermoelectric Properties Zintl Phase

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Epileptic brain network analysis based on Kendall's improved synchronization algorithm 1

Epileptic brain network analysis based on Kendall's improved...

引用

1st International Conference on Physics, Mathematics and Statistics, ICPMS 2018

作者： Ding, Chuchu Sun, Ting Zou, Xin Dai, Jiafei Li, Jin Wang, Jun Hou, Fengzhen Smart Health Big Data Analysis and Location Services Engineering Lab of Jiangsu Province Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing China Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command Nanjing210002 China College of Physics and Information Technology Shaanxi Normal University Xi'an China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing210009 China

In this paper, we use a new algorithm, the IRC algorithm, to improve the Kendall algorithm. Research on complex networks has gradually deepened into all areas of social science. The study of brain networks has become a hot topic in the study of brain function. The method of wavelet filtering is used to filter the EEG data to obtain the required α-band (8-16 Hz). Using the improved IRC algorithm, the brain functional network is constructed based on the EEG data, and the related characteristics of the brain network constructed are analyzed. The experimental results show that the method is suitable for distinguishing the network degree indicators of epilepsy and normal brain tissue, and further deepening the study of the neurokinetic behavior of the brain. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Complex networks

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SEED: Entity oriented information search and exploration 22

SEED: Entity oriented information search and exploration

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22nd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, IUI 2017

作者： Chen, Jun Jacucci, Giulio Chen, Yueguo Ruotsalo, Tuukka School of Information Renmin University of China China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering MOE China Helsinki Institute for Information Technology HIIT Department of Computer Science University of Helsinki Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450348935

Entity search and exploration can enrich search user interfaces by presenting relevant information instantly and offering relevant exploration pointers to users. Previous research has demonstrated that large knowledge Graphs allow exploitation and recommendation of explicit links between the entities and other information to improve information access and ranking. However, less attention has been devoted to user interfaces for effectively presenting results, recommending related entities and explaining relations between entities. We introduce a system called SEED which is designed to support entity search and exploration in large knowledge Graphs. We demonstrate SEED using a dataset of hundreds of thousands of movie related entities from the DBpedia knowledge Graph. The system utilizes a graph embedding model for ranking entities and their relations, recommending related entities, and explaining their interrelations. Copyright is held by the author/owner(s).

关键词： knowledge graph

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data-aided secure massive MIMO transmission under the pilot contamination attack

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Wu, Yongpeng Wen, Chao-Kai Chen, Wen Jin, Shi Schober, Robert Caire, Giuseppe Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Minhang200240 China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks Xidian University Xian China Institute of Communications Engineering National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung804 Taiwan Shanghai Institute of Advanced Communications and Data Sciences Department of Electronic Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Minhang200240 China National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast University Nanjing210096 China Institute for Digital Communications Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Cauerstrasse 7 ErlangenD-91058 Germany Institute for Telecommunication Systems Technical University Berlin Einsteinufer 25 Berlin10587 Germany

In this paper, we study the design of secure communication for time division duplex multi-cell multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with active eavesdropping. We assume that the eavesdropper actively attacks the uplink pilot transmission and the uplink data transmission before eavesdropping the downlink data transmission of the users. We exploit both the received pilots and the received data signals for uplink channel estimation. We show analytically that when the number of transmit antennas and the length of the data vector both tend to infinity, the signals of the desired user and the eavesdropper lie in different eigenspaces of the received signal matrix at the base station provided that their signal powers are different. This finding reveals that decreasing (instead of increasing) the desired user’s signal power might be an effective approach to combat a strong active attack from an eavesdropper. Inspired by this observation, we propose a data-aided secure downlink transmission scheme and derive an asymptotic achievable secrecy sum-rate expression for the proposed design. For the special case of a single-cell single-user system with independent and identically distributed fading, the obtained expression reveals that the secrecy rate scales logarithmically with the number of transmit antennas. This is the same scaling law as for the achievable rate of a single-user massive MIMO system in the absence of eavesdroppers. Numerical results indicate that the proposed scheme achieves significant secrecy rate gains compared to alternative approaches based on matched filter precoding with artificial noise generation and null space transmission. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： MIMO systems

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Visual Feature Combination Approach for Zero-Shot Learning

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Ruan Jian Xue Bao/Journal of Software 2018年 29卷 16-29页

作者： Yang, Gang Liu, Jin-Lu Li, Xi-Rong Xu, Jie-Ping School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing100872 China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Renmin University of China Beijing100872 China

Zero-Shot learning is an important research in the field of machine learning and image recognition. Zero-Shot learning methods normally use the semantic information among unseen classes and seen classes to transfer the knowledge which is learned from examples of seen classes to unseen classes, so as to recognize and classify the examples of unseen classes. In this study, a zero-shot learning approach based on construction of visual feature combination is proposed. The approach generates many examples of unseen class on visual feature level by the way of feature combination, which is first proposed, and thus transforms zero-shot learning problem to be a traditional classification problem solved by supervised learning. The approach mimics human cognition process of associative memory, and includes four steps: feature-attribute relation extraction, example construction, example screening, and domain adaption. On training examples of seen classes, the relationship between class attributes and dimensions of feature is extracted;on visual feature level, examples of unseen classes are generated by visual feature combination;dissimilarity representation is introduced to filter the generated examples of unseen classes;semi-supervised and unsupervised feature domain adaption are proposed to linearly transform the generated examples of unseen classes to be more effective. The proposed approach shows superior performance on three benchmark datasets (AwA, AwA2, and SUN), especially on dataset AwA, it obtains 82.6% top-1 accuracy which is the best result as far as we know. Experiment results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach. © Copyright 2018, Institute of Software, the Chinese Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image classification

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Multilingual Focused Crawler System based on Web Content Extraction and Path Configuration

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2019年第5期569卷

作者： Jie Wang Sanhong Deng Lijuan Wang School of Information Management Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Service (Nanjing University) Nanjing 210023 China Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province Nanjing 210018 China

The multilingual focused crawler system combines web content extraction with path configuration to make use of their advantages and achieve automatic collection of network information in multiple languages. Firstly, system selects foreign language keywords according to crawling webpage language and Chinese keywords, and uses initial link to obtain webpage information. Then, it uses path configuration information or web content extraction algorithm based on the distribution line block to get webpage content, and adopts rules or configuration information to acquire new links, published time and title. Next, keywords are used to filter irrelevant information. Finally, results are presented as a list. When users use focused crawler system, the webpage path information can be configured or not according to requirements, and the collected network resources can also be searched or filtered.

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