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Convergence Analysis of an SLF-NMU Algorithm for Non-negative Latent Factor Analysis on a High-Dimensional and Sparse Matrix

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Convergence Analysis of an SLF-NMU Algorithm for Non-negativ...

IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Zhigang Liu Xin Luo Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Big Data Application for Smart Cities and Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Chongqing China

Non-negative latent factor (NLF) models have been frequently applied to information extraction, pattern recognition, and community detection. An NLF model can well represent a high-dimensional and sparse (HiDS) matrix of non-negative data and efficiently acquire useful knowledge from it. A single latent factor-dependent, non-negative and multiplicative update (SLF-NMU) algorithm is highly efficient to build NLF model. However, its convergence ability on such a matrix is still unveiled in theory. This paper presents the convergence property of an SLF-NMU algorithm. We theoretically prove that it can guarantee its convergence to a Karush-Kuhn-Tucher (KKT) stationary point. Empirical studies on two HiDS matrices from practical applications indicate that an SLF-NMU algorithm make an NLF model to converge at a relatively steady state.

关键词： Sparse matrices Convergence Computational modeling Analytical models Linear programming data models Technological innovation

Exploring the Role of Large Language Models in Cybersecurity: A Systematic Survey

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Tian, Shuang Zhang, Tao Liu, Jiqiang Wang, Jiacheng Wu, Xuangou Zhu, Xiaoqiang Zhang, Ruichen Zhang, Weiting Yuan, Zhenhui Mao, Shiwen Kim, Dong In School of Software Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Cyberspace Science and Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore School of Computer Science and Technology An hui Province Key Laboratory of Digital Twin Technology in Metallurgical Industry Anhui University of Technology Anhui243002 China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Electronic and Information Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing100044 China School of Engineering University of Warwick CoventryCV4 7AL United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University AuburnAL36849-5201 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering College of Information and Communication Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

—With the rapid development of technology and the acceleration of digitalisation, the frequency and complexity of cyber security threats are increasing. Traditional cybersecurity approaches, often based on static rules and predefined scenarios, are struggling to adapt to the rapidly evolving nature of modern cyberattacks. There is an urgent need for more adaptive and intelligent defence strategies. The emergence of Large Language Model (LLM) provides an innovative solution to cope with the increasingly severe cyber threats, and its potential in analysing complex attack patterns, predicting threats and assisting real-time response has attracted a lot of attention in the field of cybersecurity, and exploring how to effectively use LLM to defend against cyberattacks has become a hot topic in the current research field. This survey examines the applications of LLM from the perspective of the cyber attack lifecycle, focusing on the three phases of defense reconnaissance, foothold establishment, and lateral movement, and it analyzes the potential of LLMs in Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) tasks. Meanwhile, we investigate how LLM-based security solutions are deployed and applied in different network scenarios. It also summarizes the internal and external risk issues faced by LLM during its application. Finally, this survey also points out the facing risk issues and possible future research directions in this domain. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cyber attacks

CMRxRecon2024: A Multi-Modality, Multi-View K-Space dataset Boosting Universal Machine Learning for Accelerated Cardiac MRI

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Wang, Zi Wang, Fanwen Qin, Chen Lyu, Jun Ouyang, Cheng Wang, Shuo Li, Yan Yu, Mengyao Zhang, Haoyu Guo, Kunyuan Shi, Zhang Li, Qirong Xu, Ziqiang Zhang, Yajing Li, Hao Hua, Sha Chen, Binghua Sun, Longyu Sun, Mengting Li, Qin Chu, Ying-Hua Bai, Wenjia Qin, Jing Zhuang, Xiahai Prieto, Claudia Young, Alistair Markl, Michael Wang, He Wu, Lianming Yang, Guang Qu, Xiaobo Wang, Chengyan Department of Electronic Science Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plasma and Magnetic Resonance National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine Xiamen University Xiamen China Department of Bioengineering and Imperial-X Imperial College London London United Kingdom Cardiovascular Research Centre Royal Brompton Hospital London United Kingdom Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering & Imperial-X Imperial College London London United Kingdom Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory Brigham and Women’s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston United States Department of Computing Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London London United Kingdom Digital Medical Research Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Radiology Ruijin Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Human Phenome Institute Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Radiology Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University Shanghai China School of Health Science and Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China GE Healthcare Beijing China Institute of Science and Technology for Brain-Inspired Intelligence Fudan University Shanghai China Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China Department of Radiology Ren Ji Hospital School of Medicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Siemens Healthineers Ltd. Shanghai China School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong School of Data Science Fudan University Shanghai China School of Engineering Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Santiago Chile School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King’s College London London United Kingdom Millenium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering Santiago Chile Department of Radiology Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago Unit

The released CMRxRecon2024 dataset is currently the largest and most protocol-diverse publicly available k-space dataset including multi-modality and multi-view cardiac MRI data from 330 healthy volunteers, and each o... 详细信息

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

Deep lidar odometry 4

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Deep lidar odometry

4th ISPRS Geospatial Week 2019

作者： Li, Q. Wang, C. Chen, S. Li, X. Wen, C. Cheng, M. Li, J. Fujian Key Lab. of Sensing and Comp. for Smart City and the Sch. of Info. Science and Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Big Data Applications in Governments Fuzhou350003 China Geometric and Visual Computing Group Louisiana State University LA70808 United States GeoSTARS Lab Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of Waterloo Canada

Most existing lidar odometry estimation strategies are formulated under a standard framework that includes feature selection, and pose estimation through feature matching. In this work, we present a novel pipeline called LO-Net for lidar odometry estimation from 3D lidar scanning data using deep convolutional networks. The network is trained in an end-to-end manner, it infers 6-DoF poses from the encoded sequential lidar data. Based on the new designed mask-weighted geometric constraint loss, the network automatically learns effective feature representation for the lidar odometry estimation problem, and implicitly exploits the sequential dependencies and dynamics. Experiments on benchmark datasets demonstrate that LO-Net has similar accuracy with the geometry-based approach. © Authors 2019.

关键词： Motion estimation

FAIR1M: A benchmark dataset for fine-grained object recognition in high-resolution remote sensing imagery

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Sun, Xian Wang, Peijin Yan, Zhiyuan Wang, Cheng Diao, Wenhui Chen, Jin Li, Jihao Feng, Yingchao Xu, Tao Weinmann, Martin Hinz, Stefan Fu, Kun Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Fujian Key Laboratory of Sensing and Computing for Smart Cities School of Information Science and Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Big Data Applications in Governments Fuzhou350003 China Beijing Remote Sensing Information Institute Beijing100011 China Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany

With the rapid development of deep learning, many deep learning based approaches have made great achievements in object detection task. It is generally known that deep learning is a data-driven method. data directly impact the performance of object detectors to some extent. Although existing datasets have included common objects in remote sensing images, they still have some limitations in terms of scale, categories, and images. Therefore, there is a strong requirement for establishing a large-scale benchmark on object detection in high-resolution remote sensing images. In this paper, we propose a novel benchmark dataset with more than 1 million instances and more than 15,000 images for Fine-grAined object recognItion in high-Resolution remote sensing imagery which is named as FAIR1M. We collected remote sensing images with a resolution of 0.3m to 0.8m from different platforms, which are spread across many countries and regions. All objects in the FAIR1M dataset are annotated with respect to 5 categories and 37 sub-categories by oriented bounding boxes. Compared with existing detection datasets dedicated to object detection, the FAIR1M dataset has 4 particular characteristics: (1) it is much larger than other existing object detection datasets both in terms of the quantity of instances and the quantity of images, (2) it provides more rich fine-grained category information for objects in remote sensing images, (3) it contains geographic information such as latitude, longitude and resolution, (4) it provides better image quality owing to a careful data cleaning procedure. To establish a baseline for fine-grained object recognition, we propose a novel evaluation method and benchmark fine-grained object detection tasks and a visual classification task using several State-Of-The-Art (SOTA) deep learning based models on our FAIR1M dataset. Experimental results strongly indicate that the FAIR1M dataset is closer to practical application and it is considerably more challeng

关键词： Object recognition

Lightweight Image Super-Resolution with Enhanced CNN

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Tian, Chunwei Zhuge, Ruibin Wu, Zhihao Xu, Yong Zuo, Wangmeng Chen, Chen Lin, Chia-Wen Bio-Computing Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen ShenzhenGuangdong518055 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Visual Object Detection and Recognition ShenzhenGuangdong518055 China Peng Cheng Laboratory ShenzhenGuangdong518055 China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology HarbinHeilongjiang150001 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of North Carolina at Charlotte NC28223 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with strong expressive ability have achieved impressive performances on single image super-resolution (SISR). However, their excessive amounts of convolutions and parameters usually consume high computational cost and more memory storage for training a SR model, which limits their applications to SR with resource-constrained devices in real world. To resolve these problems, we propose a lightweight enhanced SR CNN (LESRCNN) with three successive sub-blocks, an information extraction and enhancement block (IEEB), a reconstruction block (RB) and an information refinement block (IRB). Specifically, the IEEB extracts hierarchical low-resolution (LR) features and aggregates the obtained features step-by-step to increase the memory ability of the shallow layers on deep layers for SISR. To remove redundant information obtained, a heterogeneous architecture is adopted in the IEEB. After that, the RB converts low-frequency features into high-frequency features by fusing global and local features, which is complementary with the IEEB in tackling the long-term dependency problem. Finally, the IRB uses coarse high-frequency features from the RB to learn more accurate SR features and construct a SR image. The proposed LESRCNN can obtain a high-quality image by a model for different scales. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed LESRCNN outperforms state-of-the-arts on SISR in terms of qualitative and quantitative evaluation. The code of LESRCNN is accessible on https://***/hellloxiaotian/LESRCNN. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

Lightweight Image Super-Resolution with Enhanced CNN

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Tian, Chunwei Zhuge, Ruibin Wu, Zhihao Xu, Yong Zuo, Wangmeng Chen, Chen Lin, Chia-Wen Bio-Computing Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen ShenzhenGuangdong518055 China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Visual Object Detection and Recognition ShenzhenGuangdong518055 China Peng Cheng Laboratory ShenzhenGuangdong518055 China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology HarbinHeilongjiang150001 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of North Carolina CharlotteNC28223 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

Spatio-temporal propagation of COVID-19 pandemics

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Gross, Bnaya Zheng, Zhiguo Liu, Shiyan Chen, Xiaoqi Sela, Alon Li, Jianxin Li, Daqing Havlin, Shlomo Department of Physics Bar-Ilan University Ramat-Gan52900 Israel School of Reliability and Systems Engineering Beihang University Beijing100191 China Department of Industrial Engineering Ariel University Ariel Israel Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University Beijing100083 China State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment Beihang University Beijing100083 China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Beihang University Beijing100191 China

The new coronavirus known as COVID-19 is rapidly spreading since December 2019. Without any vaccination or medicine, the means of controlling it are limited to quarantine and social distancing. Here we study the spatio-temporal propagation of the COVID-19 virus in China and compare it to other global locations. Our results suggest that the disease propagation is highly related to population migration from Hubei resembling a Lévy flight which is characteristic of human mobility and thus could be controlled by efficient quarantines. Since quarantine is usually applied on a city level, more insight can be obtained in analyzing the epidemic in cities. Our results suggest that the disease spread in a city in China is characterized by two-stages process. At early times, at order of few days, the infection rate in the city is close to constant probably due to the lack of means to detect infected individuals before infection signs are observed and at later times it decays approximately exponentially due to quarantines. These two stages can explain the significant differences between the propagation in China and in other world-wide locations. While most cities in China control the disease which resulted in the decaying stage, in other world-wide countries the situation is still becoming worse probably due to less social interactions control and overloaded health systems which reflects in the death and recovery rates. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Population dynamics

Enhancing MR Image Segmentation with Realistic Adversarial data Augmentation

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Chen, Chen Qin, Chen Ouyang, Cheng Li, Zeju Wang, Shuo Qiu, Huaqi Chen, Liang Tarroni, Giacomo Bai, Wenjia Rueckert, Daniel Department of Computing Imperial College London United Kingdom Institute for Digital Communications School of Engineering University of Edinburgh United Kingdom Digital Medicine Research Centre School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of MICCAI Shanghai China CitAI Research Centre Department of Computer Science City University of London United Kingdom Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College London United Kingdom Data Science Institute Imperial College London United Kingdom Klinikum Rechts der Isar Technical University of Munich Germany

The success of neural networks on medical image segmentation tasks typically relies on large labeled datasets for model training. However, acquiring and manually labeling a large medical image set is resource-intensive, expensive, and sometimes impractical due to data sharing and privacy issues. To address this challenge, we propose AdvChain, a generic adversarial data augmentation framework, aiming at improving both the diversity and effectiveness of training data for medical image segmentation tasks. AdvChain augments data with dynamic data augmentation, generating randomly chained photo-metric and geometric transformations to resemble realistic yet challenging imaging variations to expand training data. By jointly optimizing the data augmentation model and a segmentation network during training, challenging examples are generated to enhance network generalizability for the downstream task. The proposed adversarial data augmentation does not rely on generative networks and can be used as a plug-in module in general segmentation networks. It is computationally efficient and applicable for both low-shot supervised and semi-supervised learning. We analyze and evaluate the method on two MR image segmentation tasks: cardiac segmentation and prostate segmentation with limited labeled data. Results show that the proposed approach can alleviate the need for labeled data while improving model generalization ability, indicating its practical value in medical imaging applications. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image segmentation