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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhu, Zhiyu Yang, Yang Chen, Mingzhe Guo, Caili Cheng, Julian Cui, Shuguang The Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Data Science and Computing University of Miami Coral GablesFL33146 United States The Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing100876 China The Faculty of Applied Science School of Engineering The University of British Columbia KelownaBCV1V 1V7 Canada The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shenzhen518172 China

The growing demand for location-based services in areas like virtual reality, robot control, and navigation has intensified the focus on indoor localization. Visible light positioning (VLP), leveraging visible light communications (VLC), becomes a promising indoor positioning technology due to its high accuracy and low cost. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of VLP systems. In particular, since VLC lays the foundation for VLP, we first present a detailed overview of the principles of VLC. Then, we provide an in-depth overview of VLP algorithms. The performance of each positioning algorithm is also compared in terms of various metrics such as accuracy, coverage, and orientation limitation. Beyond the physical layer studies, the network design for a VLP system is also investigated, including multi-access technologies, resource allocation, and light-emitting diode (LED) placements. Next, the applications of the VLP systems are overviewed. Finally, this paper outlines open issues, challenges, and opportunities for the research field. In a nutshell, this paper constitutes the first holistic survey on VLP from state-of-the-art studies to practical uses. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Resource allocation

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Multi-Label Out-of-Distribution Detection Via Exploiting Sparsity and Co-Occurrence of Labels

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Wang, Lei Huang, Sheng Huangfu, Luwen Liu, Bo Zhang, Xiaohong School of Big Data and Software Engineering Chongqing University Chonqqing 400044 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Dependable Service Computing in Cyber Physical Society Chongqing 400044 China Fowler College of Business Center for Human Dynamics in the Mobile Age San Diego State University San DiegoCA92182 United States JD Finance America Corporation Mountain ViewCA94043 United States

Although Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) detection has been extensively studied, the OOD detection under multi-label settings, which is closer to the real world, is still in its infancy. The pioneer work ignores some unique properties of multi-label images, such as the sparsity and co-occurrence of labels. Here, we empirically observe that these properties readily distinguish OOD and in-distribution data. Motivated by this observation, we propose a novel multi-label OOD detection approach named Sparse Label Co-occurrence Scoring (SLCS) to exploit the sparsity and co-occurrence information of labels. SLCS follows conventions and deems the logits outputted by the penultimate layer of the trained multi-label image classification model as the prediction confidences of a sample to categories in the training label set. A logit sparse filtering process is employed to filter out the low-confidence logits for avoiding the interference of low-confidence predictions while preserving the high-confidence logits to obtain the label sparsity. Then, the label co-occurrence pairs are counted for each sample based on its predicted categories and the label co-occurrence matrix constructed on the training set. Finally, the preserved logits are weighted by the label co-occurrence information and accumulated to produce the OOD detection score for each sample. Extensive experimental results on three well-known multi-label image datasets demonstrate the discriminating power of SLCS, which achieves greatly improved performances compared with the only multi-label OOD detection approach - JointEnergry and the state-of-the-art single-label OOD detection approaches. The performance improvements of SLCS over JointEnergy in FPR95 are 12.85%, 12.41%, and 9.50% on MS-COCO, VOC 2012, and NUS-WIDE datasets *** Out-Of-Distribution (OOD) detection has been extensively studied, the OOD detection under multi-label settings, which is closer to the real world, is still in its infancy. The pione

关键词： Image classification

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Designing and Training of A Dual CNN for Image Denoising

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zuo, Wangmeng Zhang, David Lin, Chia-Wen Xu, Yong Tian, Chunwei Du, Bo Bio-Computing Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Visual Object Detection and Recognition ShenzhenGuangdong518055 China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055 China School of Computer Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology 150001 HarbinHeilongjiang China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518055 China School of Computer Science Wuhan University 430072 WuhanHubei China Department of Electrical Engineering Institute of Communications Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu Taiwan 518172 ShenzhenGuangdong China Shenzhen Institute of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics for Society Shenzhen China

Deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for image denoising have recently attracted increasing research interest. However, plain networks cannot recover fine details for a complex task, such as real noisy images. In this paper, we propose a Dual denoising Network (DudeNet) to recover a clean image. Specifically, DudeNet consists of four modules: a feature extraction block, an enhancement block, a compression block, and a reconstruction block. The feature extraction block with a sparse mechanism extracts global and local features via two sub-networks. The enhancement block gathers and fuses the global and local features to provide complementary information for the latter network. The compression block refines the extracted information and compresses the network. Finally, the reconstruction block is utilized to reconstruct a denoised image. The DudeNet has the following advantages: (1) The dual networks with a parse mechanism can extract complementary features to enhance the generalized ability of denoiser. (2) Fusing global and local features can extract salient features to recover fine details for complex noisy images. (3) A Small-size filter is used to reduce the complexity of denoiser. Extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of DudeNet over existing current state-of-the-art denoising methods. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Recovery

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Improving Generalization of Neural Vehicle Routing Problem Solvers Through the Lens of Model Architecture

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Xiao, Yubin Wang, Di Wu, Xuan Wu, Yuesong Li, Boyang Du, Wei Wang, Liupu Zhou, You Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China Joint NTU-UBC Research Centre of Excellence in Active Living for the Elderly Nanyang Technological University 639956 Singapore WeBank-NTU Joint Research Institute on Fintech Nanyang Technological University 639956 Singapore College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University 639956 Singapore

Neural models produce promising results when solving Vehicle Routing Problems (VRPs), but may often fall short in generalization. Recent attempts to enhance model generalization often incur unnecessarily large training cost or cannot be directly applied to other models solving different VRP variants. To address these issues, we take a novel perspective on model architecture in this study. Specifically, we propose a plug-and-play Entropy-based Scaling Factor (ESF) and a Distribution-Specific (DS) decoder to enhance the size and distribution generalization, respectively. ESF adjusts the attention weight pattern of the model towards familiar ones discovered during training when solving VRPs of varying sizes. The DS decoder explicitly models VRPs of multiple training distribution patterns through multiple auxiliary light decoders, expanding the model representation space to encompass a broader range of distributional scenarios. We conduct extensive experiments on both synthetic and widely recognized real-world benchmarking datasets and compare the performance with seven baseline models. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of using ESF and DS decoder to obtain a more generalizable model and showcase their applicability to solve different VRP variants, i.e., travelling salesman problem and capacitated VRP. Notably, our proposed generic components require minimal computational resources, and can be effortlessly integrated into conventional generalization strategies to further elevate model generalization. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Combinatorial optimization

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High Quality Global Routing Algorithm Based on Multi-Stage Optimization

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Jisuanji Fuzhu Sheji Yu Tuxingxue Xuebao/Journal of Computer-Aided Design and Computer Graphics 2024年第4期36卷 607-614页

作者： Genggeng, Liu Zhenyu, Pei Ning, Xu College of Computer and Data Science Fuzhou University Fuzhou350116 China State Key Laboratory of Computer Architecture Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China School of Information Engineering Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan430070 China

Global routing is a crucial step in VLSI physical design. To address the problems that the low utilization rate of capacity and easy to fall into local optimum in the existing global routing algorithms, a high-quality global routing algorithm based on multi-stage optimization is proposed. First, the virtual capacity dynamic adjustment strategy is introduced in the pre-connection stage and the routing reorganization stage to improve the utilization rate of capacity. Then, in the routing reorganization stage, the routing subarea adaptive expansion strategy is proposed to narrow the search space and improve the routing efficiency. Finally, the A* algorithm heuristic search is combined with the global search capability of the particle swarm algorithm to avoid the algorithm to choose the shortest path in the routing process, and thus avoid the algorithm to fall into the local optimum. Experimental results comparing with existing global routing algorithms on ISPD benchmark circuits show that the routing results of proposed algorithm reduce the wirelength by 6.0% to 22.8%. © 2024 Institute of computing Technology. All rights reserved.

关键词： Routing algorithms

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Social-enhanced recommendation using graph-based contrastive learning

Social-enhanced recommendation using graph-based contrastive...

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IEEE International Conference on High Performance computing and Communications (HPCC)

作者： Peng Xue Qian Gao Jun Fan Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan Shandong China Shandong Engineering Research Center of Big Data Applied Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Technology Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan Shandong China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Jinan Shandong China China Telecom Digital Intelligence Techonology Co Ltd Jinan Shandong China

The social network-based recommendation model use social network information to mitigate data sparsity issues and improve the accuracy of recommendation models. However, In most social network-based recommendation algorithms, the social neighbors' contributions are difficult to distinguish from the central user's, neglecting hidden correlations in social infor-mation. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents a graph-based contrastive learning framework for social-enhanced recommendation (SoGCLR) that utilizes implicit social information captured by a new social relation attention mechanism, en-rich user representations, and improve model robustness through graph-based contrastive learning. Specifically, the paper captures the degree of contribution of each neighbor in the social graph to the central user through a social relation attention layer, thus obtaining hidden correlations in social information, and further integrates this with user information in the user-item interaction graph to enrich user representations. In addition, the paper incorporates graph-based contrastive learning into the recommendation task using cross-layer contrastive learning, calculating contrastive loss and mapping nodes with similar but different exposure rates to nearby regions to mitigate exposure bias issues. Results from Ciao and Epinions demonstrate that SoGCLR reduces RMSE and MAE by 1.33% to 1.84% compared with baseline models.

关键词：

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Bayesian data assimilation for estimating epidemic evolution: A COVID-19 study

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Yang, Xian Wang, Shuo Xing, Yuting Li, Ling Xu, Richard Yi Da Friston, Karl J. Guo, Yike Department of Computer Science Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Hong Kong Data Science Institute Imperial College London United Kingdom Digital Medical Research Center School of Basic Medical Sciences Fudan University China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention China School of Computing University of Kent United Kingdom Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology University of Technology Sydney Australia Institute of Neurology University College London United Kingdom

The evolution of epidemiological parameters, such as instantaneous reproduction number Rt, is important for understanding the transmission dynamics of infectious diseases. Current estimates of time-varying epidemiological parameters often face problems such as lagging observations, averaging inference, and improper quantification of uncertainties. To address these problems, we propose a Bayesian data assimilation framework for time-varying parameter estimation. Specifically, this framework is applied to Rt estimation, resulting in the state-of-the-art 'DARt' system. With DARt, time misalignment caused by lagging observations is tackled by incorporating observation delays into the joint inference of infections and Rt;the drawback of averaging is overcome by instantaneously updating upon new observations and developing a model selection mechanism that captures abrupt changes;the uncertainty is quantified and reduced by employing Bayesian smoothing. We validate the performance of DARt and demonstrate its power in revealing the transmission dynamics of COVID-19. The proposed approach provides a promising solution for accurate and timely estimating transmission dynamics from reported data. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cell proliferation

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Large language models illuminate a progressive pathway to artificial intelligent healthcare assistant

Medicine Plus

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Medicine Plus 2024年第2期1卷 102-124页

作者： Mingze Yuan Peng Bao Jiajia Yuan Yunhao Shen Zifan Chen Yi Xie Jie Zhao Quanzheng Li Yang Chen Li Zhang Lin Shen Bin Dong Center for Data Science Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education)Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute Beijing 100142China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analysis and Applications Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Beijing International Center for Mathematical Research Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Center for Machine Learning Research Peking University Beijing 100871China National Biomedical Imaging Center Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking University Changsha Institute for Computing and Digital Economy Changsha 410205China Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114-2696USA Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02115USA

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence,large language models(LLMs)have shown promising capabilities in mimicking human-level language comprehen-sion and *** has sparked significant interest in applying LLMs to enhance various aspects of healthcare,ranging from medical education to clinical decision ***,medicine involves multifaceted data modalities and nuanced reasoning skills,presenting challenges for integrating *** review introduces the fundamental applications of general-purpose and specialized LLMs,demon-strating their utilities in knowledge retrieval,research support,clinical workflow automation,and diagnostic *** the inherent multimodality of medicine,the review emphasizes the multimodal LLMs and discusses their ability to process diverse data types like medical imaging and electronic health records to augment diagnostic *** address LLMs'limitations regarding personalization and complex clinical reasoning,the review further explores the emerging develop-ment of LLM-powered autonomous agents for ***,it summarizes the evaluation methodologies for assessing LLMs'reliability and safety in medical *** have transformative potential in medicine;however,there is a pivotal need for continuous optimizations and ethical oversight before these models can be effectively integrated into clinical practice.

关键词： Large language models Artificial intelligence Medicine Healthcare assistant Prompt engineering In-context learning

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Cyber-Physical Security Assessment and Simulation Based on Graph database

Cyber-Physical Security Assessment and Simulation Based on G...

引用

IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration

作者： Di Wang Qinglai Guo Yan Song Kunlun Gao Aihua Zhou State Key Laboratory of Power Systems Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Electric Power Research Institute State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company Advanced Computing and Big Data Laboratory of SGCC Global Energy Interconnection Research Institute

ISBN: (纸本)9781538614280

With the development of information technology, the operation of power grid increasingly depends upon the support of strong communication network. The power system consisting of grids infrastructure and communication equipment is a typical cyber-physical system(CPS). In recent years, power accidents that information-side failure impacts on physical operation happen at times. In order to simulate the impacts of information failure on grid operation, we develop a cyber-physical simulation tool for the secondary-voltage control of power system to implement the reasonable analysis and evaluation of the influence of different types of information failure on voltage control effect. In this paper, the graph database is introduced to construct the basic cyber-physical data model as an important part of the simulation tool, whose graphical modeling and management is friendly for users. In addition, the importance of different types of information is analyzed with the tool. It can be seen that the voltage information is more fragile and critical than the non-independent generator reactive information.

关键词： Cyber-physical system Graph database Cyber-contingency assessment Secondary-voltage control

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Dynamic radiomics: A new methodology to extract quantitative time-related features from tomographic images

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Che, Fengying Shi, Ruichuan Li, Shuqin Wu, Jian Li, Haoran Chen, Weixing Zhang, Hao Qu, Hui Li, Zhi Cui, Xiaoyu College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering Northeastern University Liaoning Shenyang China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry Northeastern University Liaoning Shenyang China Department of Medical Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University Liaoning110001 China Shenzhen College of Advanced Technology University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Department of Breast Surgery Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute Cancer Hospital of China Medical University Liaoning Shenyang110042 China

The feature extraction methods of radiomics are mainly based on static tomographic images at a certain moment, while the occurrence and development of disease is a dynamic process that cannot be fully reflected by only static characteristics. This study proposes a new dynamic radiomics feature extraction workflow that uses time-dependent tomographic images of the same patient, focuses on the changes in image features over time, and then quantifies them as new dynamic features for diagnostic or prognostic evaluation. We first define the mathematical paradigm of dynamic radiomics and introduce three specific methods that can describe the transformation process of features over time. Three different clinical problems are used to validate the performance of the proposed dynamic feature with conventional 2D and 3D static *** results show that compared with static features, dynamic feature extraction can achieve higher robustness and accuracy for time-dependent tomographic images. We also found that the dynamic features that influence different clinical problems are also quite different. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tomography

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