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Machine learning for modelling unstructured grid data in computational physics: A review

Information Fusion 2025年 123卷

作者： Cheng, Sibo Bocquet, Marc Ding, Weiping Finn, Tobias Sebastian Fu, Rui Fu, Jinlong Guo, Yike Johnson, Eleda Li, Siyi Liu, Che Moro, Eric Newton Pan, Jie Piggott, Matthew Quilodran, Cesar Sharma, Prakhar Wang, Kun Xiao, Dunhui Xue, Xiao Zeng, Yong Zhang, Mingrui Zhou, Hao Zhu, Kewei Arcucci, Rossella CEREA ENPC EDF R&D Institut Polytechnique de Paris Île-de-France France School of Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science Nantong University Jiangsu Nantong226019 China School of Mathematical Sciences Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Applications Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Faculty of Data Science City University of Macau 999078 China School of Engineering and Materials Science Faculty of Science and Engineering Queen Mary University of London LondonE1 4NS United Kingdom Zienkiewicz Centre for Modelling Data and AI Faculty of Science and Engineering Swansea University SwanseaSA1 8EN United Kingdom Department of Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong university of science and technology Hong Kong Department of Earth Science & Engineering Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronics Technology School of Microelectronics Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China T2N 1N4 Canada T2N 1N4 Canada Undaunted Grantham Institute for Climate Change and the Environment Imperial College London LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Culham Campus AbingdonOX14 3DB United Kingdom Centre for Computational Science Department of Chemistry University College London LondonWC1H 0AJ United Kingdom H3G 1M8 Canada Australia Department of Chemical Engineering University College London LondonWC1E 6BT United Kingdom

Unstructured grid data are essential for modelling complex geometries and dynamics in computational physics. Yet, their inherent irregularity presents significant challenges for conventional machine learning (ML) techniques. This paper provides a comprehensive review of advanced ML methodologies designed to handle unstructured grid data in high-dimensional dynamical systems. key approaches discussed include graph neural networks, transformer models with spatial attention mechanisms, interpolation-integrated ML methods, and meshless techniques such as physics-informed neural networks. These methodologies have proven effective across diverse fields, including fluid dynamics and environmental simulations. This review is intended as a guidebook for computational scientists seeking to apply ML approaches to unstructured grid data in their domains, as well as for ML researchers looking to address challenges in computational physics. It places special focus on how ML methods can overcome the inherent limitations of traditional numerical techniques and, conversely, how insights from computational physics can inform ML development. For this purpose, we mainly focus in this review on recent papers from the past decade that reflect strong interactions between computational physics and deep learning methods. To support benchmarking, this review also provides a summary of open-access datasets of unstructured grid data in computational physics. Finally, emerging directions such as generative models with unstructured data, reinforcement learning for mesh generation, and hybrid physics-data-driven paradigms are discussed to inspire future advancements in this evolving field. © 2025

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Federated Learning in STAR-RIS Aided SAGINs

IEEE Communications Standards Magazine

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IEEE Communications Standards Magazine 2025年

作者： Wu, Min Guo, Kefeng Dev, Kapal Hamadi, Hussam Al Singh, Keshav Khowaja, Sunder Ali Li, Xingwang Space Engineering University School of Space Information Beijing 101407 China Munster Technological University CONNECT Centre Department of Computer Science Ireland College of Engineering and IT University of Dubai United Arab Emirates National Sun Yat-sen University Institute of Communications Engineering Kaohsiung Taiwan Technological University Dublin School of Computing Faculty of Computing Digital and Data Ireland Henan Polytechnic University School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering Jiaozuo 454000 China Jiaozuo Key Laboratory of Crow-Sensing Network Jiaozuo 454003 China

Satellite-aerial-ground integrated network (SAGIN) is considered to be an advanced architecture that offers seamless coverage, flexible access, and efficient connectivity. However, several challenges emerge during the construction of SAGINs, which include complex propagation environments and limited spectrum resources. The aforementioned challenges can be addressed in a cost effective manner by integrating simultaneous transmission and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (STAR-RISs). The STAR-RISs are capable of reflecting and transmitting the incident signals passively in order to serve users on both sides of the panel. Given the self-organizing nature of STAR-RIS-aided SAGINs, meticulous resource allocation and transmission strategy adaptation are imperative to accommodate changes in multiple communication node environments. Recently, federated learning has been envisioned as a pioneering distributed machine learning (ML) approach for managing the multi-objective optimization problem in STAR-RIS-aided SAGINs. This approach strives to balance the trade-offs between wireless communication performance and model efficiency. In this work, we present the advantages and potential directions for employing federated learning in STAR-RIS-aided SAGINs through multi-objectives optimization. Furthermore, to illustrate the practical application of federated learning in STAR-RIS-aided SAGINs, we present two case studies utilizing federated deep reinforcement learning, based on the non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) scheme. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： federated deep reinforcement learning non-orthogonal multiple access resource allocation Satellite-aerial-ground integrated networks simultaneously transmitting and reflecting reconfigurable intelligent surfaces

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DCEL:classifier fusion model for Android malware detection

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Journal of Systems engineering and Electronics 2024年第1期35卷 163-177页

作者： XU Xiaolong JIANG Shuai ZHAO Jinbo WANG Xinheng Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Security&Intelligent Processing Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China School of Computer Science Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China School of Computing and Engineering University of West LondonLondon W55RFUK

The rapid growth of mobile applications,the popularity of the Android system and its openness have attracted many hackers and even criminals,who are creating lots of Android ***,the current methods of Android malware detection need a lot of time in the feature engineering ***,these models have the defects of low detection rate,high complexity,and poor practicability,*** analyze the Android malware samples,and the distribution of malware and benign software in application programming interface(API)calls,permissions,and other *** classify the software’s threat levels based on the correlation of ***,we propose deep neural networks and convolutional neural networks with ensemble learning(DCEL),a new classifier fusion model for Android malware ***,DCEL preprocesses the malware data to remove redundant data,and converts the one-dimensional data into a two-dimensional gray ***,the ensemble learning approach is used to combine the deep neural network with the convolutional neural network,and the final classification results are obtained by voting on the prediction of each single *** based on the Drebin and Malgenome datasets show that compared with current state-of-art models,the proposed DCEL has a higher detection rate,higher recall rate,and lower computational cost.

关键词： Android malware detection deep learning ensemble learning model fusion

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Mining World Indicators for Analyzing and Modeling the Development of Countries

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ACM/IMS Transactions on data Science 2021年第4期2卷 1–27页

作者： Huang, Hong Chi, Mingyuan Song, Yu Jin, Hai The National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Key Laboratory of Service Computing Technology and System Ministry of Education School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China

The world indicators released by the World Bank or other organizations usually give the basic public knowledge about the world. However, separate and static index lacks the complex interplay among different indicators and thus cannot help us have an overall understanding of the world. To this end, we study the world indicators from a different angle. Firstly, we discover that there exist correlations between indicators either from a static view or from a dynamic view. Moreover, taking the trade and diplomatic relationships into consideration, we construct a multi-relational network to depict the interactions between different countries, and propose a Multiple Relations to Vector (MR2vec) model to study world indicators from a network perspective. The experimental results show the changes of world indicators are predictable with the proposed model, and our proposed MR2vec has wide adaptability in predicting multi-relation networks. © 2022 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： data mining

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Article reranking by memory-enhanced key sentence matching for detecting previously fact-checked claims 59

Article reranking by memory-enhanced key sentence matching f...

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Joint Conference of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, ACL-IJCNLP 2021

作者： Sheng, Qiang Cao, Juan Zhang, Xueyao Li, Xirong Zhong, Lei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Lab of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Renmin University of China China

ISBN: (纸本)9781954085527

False claims that have been previously fact-checked can still spread on social media. To mitigate their continual spread, detecting previously fact-checked claims is indispensable. Given a claim, existing works retrieve fact-checking articles (FC-articles) for detection and focus on reranking candidate articles in the typical two-stage retrieval framework. However, their performance may be limited as they ignore the following characteristics of FC-articles: (1) claims are often quoted to describe the checked events, providing lexical information besides semantics;and (2) sentence templates to introduce or debunk claims are common across articles, providing pattern information. In this paper, we propose a novel reranker, MTM (Memoryenhanced Transformers for Matching), to rank FC-articles using key sentences selected using event (lexical and semantic) and pattern information. For event information, we propose to finetune the Transformer with regression of ROUGE. For pattern information, we generate pattern vectors as a memory bank to match with the parts containing patterns. By fusing event and pattern information, we select key sentences to represent an article and then predict if the article fact-checks the given claim using the claim, key sentences, and patterns. Experiments on two real-world datasets show that MTM outperforms existing methods. Human evaluation proves that MTM can capture key sentences for explanations. The code and the dataset are at https://***/ICTMCG/MTM. © 2021 Association for Computational Linguistics

关键词： Semantics

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A DECOUPLING TWO-GRID METHOD FOR THE STEADY-STATE POISSON-NERNST-PLANCK EQUATIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2019年第4期37卷 556-578页

作者： Ying Yang Benzhuo Lu Yan Xie School of Mathematics and Computing Science Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Data Analysis and Computation Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin 541004 China LSEC Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing the National Center for Mathematics and Interdisciplinary Sciences Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China LSEC Institute of Computational Mathematics and Scientific/Engineering Computing Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations are widely used to describe the electrodiffusion of ions in a solvated biomolecular system. Two kinds of two-grid finite element algorithms are proposed to decouple the steady-state Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations by coarse grid finite element approximations. Both theoretical analysis and numerical experiments show the efficiency and effectiveness of the two-grid algorithms for solving Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations.

关键词： Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations Two-grid finite element method Decoupling method Error analysis Gummel iteration

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Multidomain Secure Communication and Intelligent Traffic Detection Model in VANETs

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International Journal of Intelligent Systems 2025年第1期2025卷

作者： Qikun Zhang Mengqi Liu Ping Li Junling Yuan Hongfei Zhu School of Computer and Communication Engineering Zhengzhou University of Light Industry Zhengzhou 450001 China *** School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 210000 China seu.edu.bd School of Information Security Sanmenxia College of Social Administration Sanmenxia 472000 China Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing 400065 China ***

Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET) plays a vital role in the intelligent transportation system. It is crucial to ensure secure communication among entities in the VANET for realizing an efficient transportation system. In this scenario, the current communication scheme is vulnerable to the leakage of private information from entities. The research primarily centers on single-domain vehicular networks, with only a limited number of researchers exploring cross-domain authentication among vehicle entities. Cross-domain communication schemes have received little attention from scholars. Furthermore, there are issues, including the susceptibility of in-vehicle conversations to eavesdropping, the vulnerability of long-distance transmissions to interruptions, and the exposure of wireless networks to traffic attacks. To address these issues, a multidomain secure communication and intelligent traffic detection model in VANET is proposed. This model offers several notable advantages as follows: (1) It employs a key self-verification algorithm for local computation and authentication of entity keys. This approach mitigates the risks of identity impersonation attacks and key leakage results from third-party key escrow. (2) A multidomain communication scheme is devised to categorize vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) scenarios into intradomain and interdomain, which correspond to situations where the communicating parties are within the same domain and across different domains, respectively. (3) We propose the implementation of new session message encryption algorithms for V2V communication. This involves generating dynamic random keys to ensure secure data sharing and facilitates long-distance cross-domain communication among vehicles. (4) An intelligent two-layer traffic detection paradigm is proposed to improve the efficiency of detecting attack traffic in vehicular networks. This paper provides security proofs and performance analysis of the proposed scheme. The experimental results dem

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A blocked statistics method based on directional derivative

A blocked statistics method based on directional derivative

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2012 International Conference on Web Information Systems and Mining, WISM 2012

作者： Li, Junli Chu, Chengxi Li, Gang Lou, Yang Visual Computing and Virtual Reality Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Sichuan Normal University Chengdu 610066 China Information Science and Engineering College Ningbo University Ningbo 315211 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783642334689

The basic idea of identifying the motion blurred direction using the directional derivative is that the original image be an isotropic first-order Markov random process. However, the real effect of this method is not always good. There are many reasons, of which the main is that a lot of pictures do not meet the physical premises. The shapes of objects and texture of pictures would be vulnerably influenced for identifying. In this paper, according to the image characteristics of the local variance, we extract multiple blocks and identify the motion directions of the blocks to identify the motion blurred direction. Experimental results show that our method not only improve the identification accuracy, but also reduce the amount of computation. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012.

关键词： Markov processes

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A Graph with Adaptive AdjacencyMatrix for Relation Extraction

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第9期80卷 4129-4147页

作者： Run Yang YanpingChen Jiaxin Yan Yongbin Qin Engineering Research Center of Text Computing&Cognitive Intelligence Ministry of EducationGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China College of Computer Science and Technology Guizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China

The relation is a semantic expression relevant to two named entities in a *** a sentence usually contains several named entities,it is essential to learn a structured sentence representation that encodes dependency information specific to the two named *** related work,graph convolutional neural networks are widely adopted to learn semantic dependencies,where a dependency tree initializes the adjacency ***,this approach has two main ***,parsing a sentence heavily relies on external toolkits,which can be ***,the dependency tree only encodes the syntactical structure of a sentence,which may not align with the relational semantic *** this paper,we propose an automatic graph learningmethod to autonomously learn a sentence’s structural *** of using a fixed adjacency matrix initialized by a dependency tree,we introduce an Adaptive Adjacency Matrix to encode the semantic dependency between *** elements of thismatrix are dynamically learned during the training process and optimized by task-relevant learning objectives,enabling the construction of task-relevant semantic dependencies within a *** model demonstrates superior performance on the TACRED and SemEval 2010 datasets,surpassing previous works by 1.3%and 0.8%,*** experimental results show that our model excels in the relation extraction task,outperforming prior models.

关键词： Relation extraction graph convolutional neural network adaptive adjacency matrix

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First-Order Meta-Learning in Node Classification with Graph Convolutional Network 4

First-Order Meta-Learning in Node Classification with Graph ...

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4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Big data, ICAIBD 2021

作者： Cao, Jing Xu, Yi Song, Xuening School of Information and Software Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China China Trusted Cloud Computing and Big Data Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu China

ISBN: (纸本)9780738131702

In recent years, research on graph representation learning within graph neural networks has made great progress. Among them, graph convolutional neural networks (GCN), which is based on spectral domain, have drawn great attention and become one of the mainstream graph embedding approaches. However, few-shot learning on graphs has little related work, as we know. Toward this problem, we propose a meta-learning method on graphs, FOML-GCN (First order meta-learning on GCN), aimed to be applied in various kinds of models of graph convolutional networks. As many common approaches in meta-learning, FOML-GCN involves two phases, meta-training and meta-testing. By learning the potential Knowledge from a small number of samples in existing classes during meta-training, our method enhances the ability in node classification of the base model by training within new few data that only appear in the meta-testing step. The experiment on two benchmark datasets shows that our FOML-GCN performs better than base GCN and other models of graph network in few-shot node classification tasks. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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