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SSRN 2025年

作者： Fan, Lin Ding, Xiaojia Wang, Zhongmin Wang, Hai Zhang, Rong School of Computer Science and Technology Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunications Shaanxi Xi’an710121 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Network Data Analysis and Intelligent Processing Shaanxi Xi’an710121 China Xi’an Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Shaanxi Xi’an710121 China The School of Information Science and Technology Northwest University Shaanxi Xi’an710121 China

3D medical image segmentation is vital for disease diagnosis and effective treatment strategies. Despite the advancements in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), their fixed receptive fields constrain global context modeling, leading to suboptimal performance, particularly with complex shapes and multi-scale variations. Transformer enhances the global modeling capability through self-attention mechanism. However, challenges persist in capturing fine-grained local features and extracting edge features. To overcome these issues, In this study, a dual-path encoder is proposed, which consists of a 3D PDC and a Swin Transformer and is combined with a CNN for the decoder. The 3D PDC module extracts local features by calculating the differences between neighboring pixels. To improve the ability of capturing edge structures, three 3D PDC variants (3D CPDC, 3D APDC, and 3D RPDC) are proposed to optimize the processing ability of complex edges, multi-directional edges, and multi-scale structures, respectively. After performance evaluation, the selected CARV combinations (3D CPDC, 3D APDC, 3D RPDC, and 3D ordinary convolution) achieve a compromise between high segmentation accuracy and low computational cost. The Swin Transformer encoder captures global context using a hierarchical shift-window mechanism, while the CNN decoder fuses features progressively to produce precise pixel-level segmentation. The proposed method exceeds the performance of existing state-of-the-art techniques, as shown by experiments conducted on the BTCV, FLARE21, and AMOS22 datasets. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image segmentation

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An Adaptive DoH Encrypted Tunnel Detection Method Based on Contrastive Learning

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年

作者： Tong, Jiacheng Zhao, Yilin Jin, Chongju Chen, Wei Zhang, Yiting Wu, Lifa Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications School of Computer Science Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Big Data Security and Intelligent Processing Nanjing210003 China

The percentage of encrypted network traffic has constantly increased as network security has been continuously improved. Attackers can, however, utilize encrypted DNS over HTTPS (DoH) to conceal their malicious traffic, which makes it more difficult to identify malicious tunnels. To address this issue, we first examine the encryption features of DoH tunnel traffic. Due to the incapability of current detection techniques to properly fuse traffic attributes, a fusion learning-based method is proposed to detect DoH encrypted tunnel traffic. At the same time, we discover that the DoH traffic samples may exhibit concept drift. As a result, we present a concept drift detection approach based on a contrastive sparse autoencoder. In addition to the above method, a model retraining strategy is also suggested to improve the model’s capacity to identify new DoH encrypted tunnel traffic while reducing its reliance on expert label data. This strategy involves incrementally training the model using as few samples as possible. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can significantly enhance detection performance. When 7% of drift samples are used during incremental training, the detection accuracy of the model recovers from 74.02% to 99.96%. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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Directed Brain Network Transformer for Psychiatric Diagnosis 27th

Directed Brain Network Transformer for Psychiatric Diagnosis

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27th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2024

作者： Zhu, Xu Qi, Zhiwei Yue, Kun Su, Yunshan Duan, Liang School of Information Science and Engineering Yunnan University Kunming China Yunnan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Systems and Computing Yunnan University Kunming China School of Education Yunnan University Kunming China Department of Radiology Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University Kunming China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031781940

Human brain is a complex organ that consists of billions of neurons and trillions of connections among the neurons. To describe the correlations among the time series of the brain regions, we model the brain as a functional brain network to diagnose psychosis. However, traditional methods of functional brain network construction are usually noisy and do not consider the causal relationships among brain regions. To obtain the causal relationships and improve diagnosis interpretability, we propose a directed brain network Transformer (DBNT) for psychiatric diagnosis. First, the causal relationships in the blood-oxygen-level-dependent time series of brain regions are extracted to generate a directed brain network. Then, the feature encoding method is proposed to obtain local and global features of the brain networks by using the DBNT. Experimental results demonstrate that the accuracy of DBNT increases by 8.1% and 6.4% compared to state-of-the-art methods on two large-scale brain network datasets. DBNT also highlights the brain regions associated with psychosis and provides interpretation for diagnosis. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Network coding

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WiViPose: A Video-aided Wi-Fi Framework for Environment-Independent 3D Human Pose Estimation

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Zhang, Lei Ning, Haoran Tang, Jiaxin Chen, Zhenxiang Zhong, Yaping Han, Yahong Tianjin University College of Intelligence and Computing the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Network Technology and Application Tianjin300050 China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education China University of Jinan Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Intelligent Computing the School of Information Science and Engineering Jinan250022 China Wuhan Sports University Sports Big-data Research Center Wuhan430079 China Tianjin University College of Intelligence and Computing the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Machine Learning Tianjin300350 China

The inherent complexity of Wi-Fi signals makes video-aided Wi-Fi 3D pose estimation difficult. The challenges include the limited generalizability of the task across diverse environments, its significant signal heterogeneity, and its inadequate ability to analyze local and geometric information. To overcome these challenges, we introduce WiViPose, a video-aided Wi-Fi framework for 3D pose estimation, which attains enhanced cross-environment generalization through cross-layer optimization. Bilinear temporal-spectral fusion (BTSF) is initially used to fuse the time-domain and frequency-domain features derived from Wi-Fi. Video features are derived from a multiresolution convolutional pose machine and enhanced by local self-attention. Cross-modality data fusion is facilitated through an attention-based transformer, with the process further refined under a supervisory mechanism. WiViPose demonstrates effectiveness by achieving an average percentage of correct keypoints (PCK)@50 of 91.01% across three typical indoor environments. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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A privacy-aware and fair self-exchanging self-trading scheme for IoT data based on smart contract

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International Journal of Grid and Utility computing 2025年第3期16卷 191-201页

作者： Chen, Yuling Yin, Hongyan Zhang, Yaocheng Ren, Wei Ren, Yi Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data Guizhou University Guizhou Guiyang550022 China College of Computer Science & Technology Guizhou University Guizhou Guiyang550022 China Technical Center of Beijing Customs No. 16 Ronghuazhonglu Road BDA Beijing100176 China Wuhan430074 China School of Computing Science University of East Anglia Norwich United Kingdom

With the development of the era of big data, the demand for data sharing and usage is increasing, especially in the era of the internet of things, thus putting forward a keen demand for data exchanging and data trading. However, the existing data exchanging and trading platforms are usually centralised and users have to trust platforms. This paper proposes a secure and fair exchanging and trading protocol based on blockchain and smart contracts, especially, self-governance without relying on centralised trust. By using the protocol, it can guarantee fairness to defend against trade cheating, and security for data confidentiality. It can also guarantee efficiency by transferring data links instead of data between data owners and data buyers. The extensive analysis justified that the proposed scheme can facilitate self-exchanging and self-trading for big data in a secure, fair and efficient manner. Copyright © 2025 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

关键词： Smart contract

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Effect of energy back transfer from Er3+ to Yb3+ ions on the upconversion luminescence of Er:NaYb(MoO4)2 and Yb,Er:NaBi(MoO4)2

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Frontiers of Optoelectronics 2025年第1期18卷 1-10页

作者： Wang, Miaomiao Zhang, Mengyu Ding, Shoujun Hu, Haitang Zhang, Chuancheng Zou, Yong School of Microelectronics and Data Science Anhui University of Technology Maanshan243002 China Anhui Provincial Joint Key Laboratory of Disciplines for Industrial Big Data Analysis and Intelligent Decision Maanshan243002 China

Under the excitation of a 980 nm laser, the visible upconversion (UC) luminescence of Er3+ ions doped Yb3+ ions self-activated NaYb(MoO4)2 phosphor and crystal, as well as the Yb3+/Er3+ ions codoped NaBi(MoO4)2 crystal were investigated comprehensively. The results indicate that all three samples exhibit two significant green emission bands and a weak red emission band in the visible band corresponding to the transitions of 2H11/2/4S3/2 → 4I15/2 and 4F9/2 → 4I15/2 of Er3+ ions, respectively. Through the variable power density spectra of three different samples, the relationship between the energy back transfer (EBT) process of Yb3+-Er3+ ions and the power density point and Yb3+ ion concentration was investigated. The EBT process was observed in both the Er3+ ions doped Yb3+ ions self-activated NaYb(MoO4)2 phosphor and crystal, as confirmed by the luminescence image of the sample. At high power density, the Yb3+ ions self-activated sample exhibited yellow luminescence, with the crystal appearing later than the phosphor. In contrast, the NaBi(MoO4)2 crystal displayed bright green emission within the measured power density range. In addition, by monitoring the relative intensity change of Yb3+ emission in 5 at% Er3+:NaYb(MoO4)2 crystal, the generation of EBT process in self-activated samples at high power density is more directly explained. These experimental results provide a reliable basis for our comprehensive understanding of the EBT mechanism, and also provide a reliable direction for the final determination of the optimal excitation power density for optical temperature measurement. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Temperature measurement

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Decentralized Unlearning for Trustworthy AI-Generated Content (AIGC) Services

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IEEE Network 2025年第3期39卷 285-292页

作者： Lin, Yijing Du, Hongyang Gao, Zhipeng Yao, Jing Jiang, Bingting Niyato, Dusit Li, Ruidong Zhang, Ping Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China The University of Hong Kong Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Pokfulam Hong Kong Central South University School of Computer Science and Engineering Changsha410083 China Hunan University College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Changsha410082 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science Jurong West 639798 Singapore Kanazawa University Institute of Science and Engineering Kanazawa920-1192 Japan

The widespread adoption of AI-Generated Content (AIGC) has captured remarkable interests from academia and industry. However, this advancement brings forth challenges in data ownership, as emphasized by the General data Protection Regulation’s right to be forgotten. The right to be forgotten allows participants to erase their data contributions from well-trained AIGC models. Training AIGC models demands an extensive amount of data and computations, often surpassing the capabilities of individual participants. As a solution, Federated Learning (FL) is employed to collaboratively train an AIGC model without sharing raw data directly. To protect the right to be forgotten in FL, "federated unlearning" has been introduced to eradicate the data contributions of unlearning participants from fully trained AIGC models, achieved by deleting historical model updates. However, given that historical updates are distributed among various participants, they may still hold contributions from the unlearning participants. This presents a challenge to the trustworthiness of federated unlearning. In this paper, we first provide an overview of both centralized and federated learning and unlearning methods. We survey relevant works and classify four main categories for federated unlearning. Subsequently, we introduce a comprehensive decentralized unlearning architecture designed for trustworthy AIGC services. To address the challenge of participants retaining historical contributions from unlearning participants, we integrate a coded computing-based interaction mechanism, ensuring both scalability and security. We further present a case study using NanoGPT to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework for decentralized unlearning. We conclude by identifying potential future research directions. © 1986-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Network security

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Removing Regional Steering Vectors to Achieve Knowledge Domain Forgetting in Large Language Models 6th

Removing Regional Steering Vectors to Achieve Knowledge Dom...

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6th International Conference on Machine Learning for Cyber Security, ML4CS 2024

作者： Wu, Wei Wang, Chen Xu, Qiuhao Kong, Wei Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou310018 China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Digital Fashion and Data Governance Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou310018 China Zhejiang Provincial International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on Cloud Computing Security and Data Aggregation Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou310018 China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819645657

Large language models (LLMs), as a significant direction in the development of artificial intelligence in recent years, are becoming increasingly popular. These models demonstrate significant potential in applications such as personalized services, simulated dialogues, role-playing, and specific compliance requirements. However, with the continuous expansion of LLMs’ practical applications, selective knowledge management of the models—particularly the ability to make the models "forget" certain domain-specific or topic-specific knowledge without impacting their overall performance or knowledge in other areas—has emerged as a critical issue that demands resolution. We proposes an innovative knowledge domain forgetting method designed to enable models to selectively forget specified knowledge without the need for fine-tuning. The method identifies and removes steering vectors associated with specific knowledge domains, thereby achieving effective forgetting of specific knowledge. The proposed approach has been evaluated in several popular open-source LLMs. Experimental results show that this method achieves good knowledge forgetting effects across diverse scenarios and exhibits notable practical value. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Domain Knowledge

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Edge-Driven Industrial computing Power Networks: Digital Twin-Empowered Service Provisioning by Hybrid Soft Actor-Critic

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8095-8109页

作者： Zhang, Long Song, Deng-Ao Zhang, Hongliang Tian, Ni Zhuang, Zirui Niyato, Dusit Han, Zhu Hebei University of Engineering School of Information and Electrical Engineering Handan056038 China Peking University State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks School of Electronics Beijing100871 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology Beijing100876 China Nanyang Technological University College of Computing and Data Science 639798 Singapore University of Houston Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering HoustonTX77004 United States Kyung Hee University Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul446-701 Korea Republic of

With the proliferation of data-intensive industrial applications, the collaboration of computing powers among standalone edge servers is vital to provision such services for smart devices. In this paper, we propose an edge-driven industrial computing power network (CPN) by orchestrating the computing and network resources of edge servers through the centralized resource scheduling and decentralized task computing. However, efficient task offloading and collaborative processing is challenging, which requires higher degrees of network automation and intelligence. Therefore, we incorporate digital twins (DTs) into the edge-driven CPN architecture, where the DTs are created as the digital replicas to assist both the computation offloading and collaborative processing. A joint optimization problem of the computing power assignment, service association, task partition, and transmit power control is formulated for maximizing the system average weighted utility. Due to the temporal-spatial variability of tasks and the resulted dynamic environment, we transform the original problem as a Markov decision process aiming at maximizing the long-term average weighted utility. To efficiently handle the high-dimensional discrete-continuous action space, a hybrid soft actor-critic based deep reinforcement learning algorithm is developed for optimizing the joint design. Simulation results validate the superiority of our proposed algorithm over the benchmarks, showing the significant gains obtained by integrating DTs into the edge-driven CPN. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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key Clues Guided Video Character Social Relationship Recognition Enhanced by LLM

Key Clues Guided Video Character Social Relationship Recogni...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Dong, Wenlong Zhu, Qing Mao, Qirong School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Big Data Ubiquitous Perception and Intelligent Agriculture Applications Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and New Technologies in Low-Altitude Digital Agriculture Zhenjiang China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Video Character Social Relationship Recognition (VCSRR) requires a comprehensive consideration about spatio-temporal and multi-modal clues in videos. Most existing methods mainly focus on integrating multi-modal clues and modeling interactions among characters. However, they fail to discover key clues in the complex video data or fully understand the clues related to social relationships. In this article, we propose a novel Large Language Model Enhanced key Clues Selection (LEKCS) framework to address the aforementioned issues. The core of LE-KCS is to mine multi-scale key clues from the perspectives of time, space and multi-modality, then transfer the knowledge about social relationships of the Large Language Model to VCSRR for understanding the selected clues. We evaluated LEKCS on the MovieGraphs dataset and the experimental results indicate that our proposed LE-KCS achieves state-of-the-art performance. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： large language model Social relationship recognition video understanding

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