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arXiv 2025年

作者： Liu, Wenxuan Li, Zixuan Bai, Long Zuo, Yuxin Xu, Daozhu Jin, Xiaolong Guo, Jiafeng Cheng, Xueqi School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Key Laboratory of Network Data Science and Technology Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China State Key Laboratory of Geo-Information Engineering Shaanxi Xi’an China

Developing a general-purpose extraction system that can extract events with massive types is a long-standing target in Event Extraction (EE). In doing so, the challenge comes from two aspects: 1) The absence of an efficient and effective annotation method. 2) The absence of a powerful extraction method can handle massive types. For the first challenge, we propose a collaborative annotation method based on Large Language Models (LLMs). Through collaboration among multiple LLMs, it first refines annotations of trigger words from distant supervision and then carries out argument annotation. Next, a voting phase consolidates the annotation preferences across different LLMs. Finally, we create the EEMT dataset, the largest EE dataset to date, featuring over 200,000 samples, 3,465 event types, and 6,297 role types. For the second challenge, we propose an LLM-based Partitioning EE method called LLM-PEE. To overcome the limited context length of LLMs, LLM-PEE first recalls candidate event types and then splits them into multiple partitions for LLMs to extract events. The results in the supervised setting show that LLM-PEE outperforms the state-of-the-art methods by 5.4% in event detection and 6.1% in argument extraction. In the zero-shot setting, LLM-PEE achieves up to 12.9% improvement compared to mainstream LLMs, demonstrating its strong generalization capabilities. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Large datasets

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CESFusion: Cross-Frequency Enhanced Spatial—Spectral Fusion Network for Hyperspectral and Multispectral Image Fusion

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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing 2025年 63卷

作者： Zhang, Haozheng Yang, Yanhong Li, Chaoyang Lu, Yanjie Zhang, Guodao Chen, Shengyong Tianjin University of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin Key Laboratory of Intelligence Computing and Novel Software Technology Tianjin300384 China School of Computer Science and Engineering Tianjin300384 China Hangzhou Dianzi University Institute of Intelligent Media Computing Hangzhou310018 China

The fusion of hyperspectral and multispectral images (MSIs) involves integrating a high spectral resolution hyperspectral image (HSI) and a high spatial resolution MSI to generate an HSI with high-resolution HSI (HR-HSI). Existing HSI-MSI fusion methods primarily focus on information fusion within the spatial domain;however, few solutions have explored the employment of frequency analysis to enhance spatial resolution, limiting their capability for global perception. In this article, we propose an efficient and novel paradigm for HSI-MSI fusion through the cross-frequency enhanced spatial-spectral fusion network, named CESFusion, exploring the complementary fusion of information between the spatial and frequency domains. Specifically, we first present the cross-frequency fusion module (CFFM) to perform global analysis through the Fourier transform (FT) and effectively integrate and enhance the frequency domain information from both HSI and MSI. Subsequently, we propose the spectral modeling module (SpeMM) based on a state space model (SMM) to capture long-range spectral dependencies with linear complexity, and integrate it with the spatial residual block-based module (SRM) for joint spatial-spectral feature extraction. Finally, to enable sufficient interaction between the spatial and frequency domains, we adopt the cross-domain interaction module (CDIM), capturing and integrating complementary information from both domains. Moreover, a frequency-based loss function is purposely designed to further improve the restoration of global information. Extensive experiments conducted on both synthetic and real datasets demonstrate the superiority of our CESFusion, as evidenced by both quantitative and qualitative evaluation results. © 1980-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Image fusion

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T³Planner: Multi-Phase Planning Across Structure-Constrained Optical, IP, and Routing Topologies

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IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications 2025年第5期43卷 1823-1839页

作者： Yijun Hao Shusen Yang Fang Li Yifan Zhang Cong Zhao Xuebin Ren Peng Zhao Chenren Xu Shibo Wang National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics and the Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Intelligent Networks and Network Security Xi’an Jiaotong University Xi’an China School of Computer Science Peking University Beijing China Department of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China National Engineering Laboratory for Big Data Analytics XiÃan Jiaotong University XiÃan China

Network topology planning is an essential multi-phase process to build and jointly optimize the multi-layer network topologies in wide-area networks (WANs). Most existing practices target single-phase/layer planning, and are incapable of satisfying all rigorous topological structure constraints (e.g., dual-homing rings) defined by network standards and operators, especially in large-scale networks. These significantly limit their usability and performance in production networks. We consider a general topology planning problem with typical structure constraints over three essential phases (greenfield, reconfiguration, and site expansion) and topological layers (optical, IP, and routing topologies). We present, T3Planner, a novel practical solver to this problem in production. Specifically, we develop a structure-driven encoder based on graph neural network (GNN) for concise structure encoding, and design a new learning framework with optical-centric layer compression/reconstruction and rule-aided reinforcement learning (RL) for fast convergence and high performance. Extensive experiments on nine real topologies demonstrate that T3Planner scales to large optical networks with hundreds of sites, saves 46.6% cost, and supports $3.12\times $ more demand when compared to related existing approaches.

关键词： Topology Network topology Planning IP networks Optical fiber networks Routing Optical fibers Optical feedback Production Graph neural networks

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How Do LLMs Acquire New Knowledge? A Knowledge Circuits Perspective on Continual Pre-Training

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ou, Yixin Yao, Yunzhi Zhang, Ningyu Jin, Hui Sun, Jiacheng Deng, Shumin Li, Zhenguo Chen, Huajun Zhejiang University China Huawei Noah’s Ark Lab Canada National University of Singapore NUS-NCS Joint Lab Singapore Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Computing China

Despite exceptional capabilities in knowledge-intensive tasks, Large Language Models (LLMs) face a critical gap in understanding how they internalize new knowledge, particularly how to structurally embed acquired knowledge in their neural computations. We address this issue through the lens of knowledge circuit evolution, identifying computational subgraphs that facilitate knowledge storage and processing. Our systematic analysis of circuit evolution throughout continual pre-training reveals several key findings: (1) the acquisition of new knowledge is influenced by its relevance to preexisting knowledge;(2) the evolution of knowledge circuits exhibits a distinct phase shift from formation to optimization;(3) the evolution of knowledge circuits follows a deep-to-shallow pattern. These insights not only advance our theoretical understanding of the mechanisms of new knowledge acquisition in LLMs, but also provide potential implications for improving continual pre-training strategies to enhance model performance Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Knowledge acquisition

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Towards Robust Video Anomaly Detection in 6G Networks: A Scene-Adaptive Framework

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IEEE Network 2025年

作者： Zhang, Sijia Yu, Yong Tao, Xiaoling Wang, Lianhai Shaanxi Normal University School of Computer Science China Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guangxi Cooperative Innovation Center of Cloud Computing and Big Data China Qilu University of Technology Shandong Academy of Sciences Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computing Power Internet and Service Computing China

With the rapid advancement of 5th Generation (5G) networks, their low latency and high bandwidth facilitate the development of smart city systems. Among the smart city systems, anomaly detection in surveillance videos has been an essential part due to its importance to public safety and security. With the transition to 6G technology, the practical applications of video anomaly detection are expanding to encompass a variety of scenarios, such as sidewalks, shopping malls and campuses, which exhibit significant differences. However, most existing anomaly detection methods deployed in the cloud typically rely on the fixed datasets for training and apply the trained uniform model to the edge services across different scenarios. The distinct environmental conditions may lead to varying performance of a uniform anomaly detection model. To alleviate these issues, we propose a scene-adaptive video anomaly detection framework in 6G-based applications. The proposed framework leverages the advantages of 6G networks to facilitate localized processing and rapid adaptation to diverse environments. To enable the anomaly detection model to adapt more robustly to local environments, the proposed framework integrates a pre-trained model and simulates anomalies to train the anomaly detection model in a denoising manner. By integrating pre-trained teacher models with edge computing nodes, the proposed method facilitates accurate anomaly detection while maintaining robust performance across varying scenarios. The framework utilizes both original data and simulated anomalous data to fine-tune the edge model, ensuring it aligns with the unique characteristics of each environment. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method across different scenarios, enabling smarter and more responsive surveillance systems in the 6G era. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Video analysis

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EDSep: An Effective Diffusion-Based Method for Speech Source Separation

EDSep: An Effective Diffusion-Based Method for Speech Source...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Dong, Jinwei Wang, Xinsheng Mao, Qirong School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University China Jiangsu Engineering Research Center of Big Data Ubiquitous Perception and Intelligent Agriculture Applications China Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and New Technologies in Low-Altitude Digital Agriculture Zhenjiang China Audio Speech and Language Processing Group School of Computer Science Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi'an China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Generative models have attracted considerable attention for speech separation tasks, and among these, diffusion-based methods are being explored. Despite the notable success of diffusion techniques in generation tasks, their adaptation to speech separation has encountered challenges, notably slow convergence and suboptimal separation outcomes. To address these issues and enhance the efficacy of diffusion-based speech separation, we introduce EDSep, a novel single-channel method grounded in score matching via stochastic differential equation (SDE). This method enhances generative modeling for speech source separation by optimizing training and sampling efficiency. Specifically, a novel denoiser function is proposed to approximate data distributions, which obtains ideal denoiser outputs. Additionally, a stochastic sampler is carefully designed to resolve the reverse SDE during the sampling process, gradually separating speech from mixtures. Extensive experiments on databases such as WSJ0-2mix, LRS2-2mix, and VoxCeleb2-2mix demonstrate our proposed method's superior performance over existing diffusion and discriminative models, validating its efficacy. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： diffusion score matching speech separation stochastic differential equation

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Single-cell technologies: current and near future

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science China(Life sciences) 2025年第1期68卷 1-4页

作者： Chenfei Wang Qi Liu Xiaohui Fan Tieliu Shi KeyLaboratory of Spine and Spinal CordInjury Repairand Regeneration Ministry of EducationOrthopedics DepartmentTongji HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchoolofLifeSciencesandTechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200082China Frontier Science Center for Stem Cells School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine Shanghai East HospitalBioinformatics DepartmentSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai 200082China Research Institute of Intelligent Computing Zhejiang LabHangzhou 311121China Pharmaceutical Informatics Institute College of Pharmaceutical SciencesZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314103China Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biologythe Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Key Laboratory of Advanced Theory and Application in Statistics and Data Science(MOE) School of StatisticsEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China

Single-cell technologies enable the indepth exploration of multiple biological hierarchies at the scale of individual cells,which have deepened our knowledge of cellular diversity,tissue organization,and overall organism function(Sun et al.,2024).In 2009,single-cell RNA sequencing(scRNA-seq)was first developed as a powerful tool to dissect gene expression and uncover transcriptional *** the rapid advancement of technology,single-cell approaches have expanded to encompass other omics,such as genomics,epigenomics,proteomics,and ***,multimodal technologies including spatially resolved transcriptomics and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)screening at the single-cell level further advanced our ability to comprehensively understand cellular ***-cell methods provide deeper insights into disease mechanisms across various conditions,including cancer,developmental disorders,and aging-associated *** this issue,we focus on topics related to single-cell methods,covering the following four aspects:(i)single-cell multi-omic sequencing technology;(ii)single-cell spatial technology;(iii)singlecell CRISPR screening technology;(iv)applications of single-cell technology.

关键词： expanded enable insight

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THREE-PRECISION ITERATIVE REFINEMENT WITH PARAMETER REGULARIZATION AND PREDICTION FOR SOLVING LARGE SPARSE LINEAR SYSTEMS

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ge, Jifeng Zhang, Juan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Hunan KeyLaboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering School of Mathematics and Computational Science Xiangtan University Hunan Xiangtan411105 China

This study presents a novel mixed-precision iterative refinement algorithm, GADI-IR, within the general alternating-direction implicit (GADI) framework, designed for efficiently solving large-scale sparse linear systems. By employing low-precision arithmetic, particularly half-precision (FP16), for computationally intensive inner iterations, the method achieves substantial acceleration while maintaining high numerical accuracy. key challenges such as overflow in half-precision and convergence issues for low precision are addressed through careful backward error analysis and the application of a regularization parameter α. Furthermore, the integration of low-precision arithmetic into the parameter prediction process, using Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), significantly reduces computational time without degrading performance. The method is particularly effective for large-scale linear systems arising from discretized partial differential equations and other high-dimensional problems, where both accuracy and efficiency are critical. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the use of mixed-precision strategies not only accelerates computation but also ensures robust convergence, making the approach advantageous for various applications. The results highlight the potential of leveraging lower-precision arithmetic to achieve superior computational efficiency in high-performance computing. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Convergence of numerical methods

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Fine-Grained Spatial-Temporal Framework for Engagement Prediction 2nd

Fine-Grained Spatial-Temporal Framework for Engagement Pred...

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2nd CSIG Conference on Emotional Intelligence, CEI 2024

作者： Wang, Shanshan Zheng, Yong Wang, keyang Zhang, Xingyi The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Beijing China Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology Anhui University Anhui China Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co. Ltd. Zhejiang China School of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Anhui China

ISBN: (纸本)9789819650835

The engagement prediction task aims to identify the current level of involvement of individuals based on the information presented in video clips. In recent years, engagement prediction has attracted considerable attention due to its significance in real-life scenarios. We observed that an individual’s engagement status is often primarily manifested in the facial region. This observation prompted us to solve the engagement prediction problem by exploiting facial information to learn features related to engagement. In this paper, we propose a novel model for learning fine-grained features, called Fine-Grained Spatial-Temporal Framework (FGST). Specifically, we consider both spatial and temporal aspects. In the spatial domain, we propose an entropy-weighted method based on Fourier transform. By applying Fourier transform to video frames and introducing the concept of information entropy, we can segregate engagement-related information from engagement-unrelated information and mining difficult samples. This aids in enabling the model to learn features conducive to engagement prediction. In the temporal domain, we calculate the differences between adjacent frames and sum these differences to obtain regions of pixel variation between video frames, thereby generates saliency weight and improving model performance. Experiments on several public datasets demonstrate the proposed model can outperform the state-of-the-art methods. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2025.

关键词： Engagement prediction Fourier transform Frame difference Information entropy

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Replace2Self: Self-Supervised Denoising based on Voxel Replacing and Image Mixing for Diffusion MRI

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IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 2025年 PP卷 PP页

作者： Wu, Linhai Wang, Lihui Deng, Zeyu Zhu, Yuemin Wei, Hongjiang Guizhou University Key Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Computing of Guizhou Province Engineering Research Center of Text Computing & Cognitive Intelligence Ministry of Education State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data College of Computer Science and Technology 550025 China Univ Lyon INSA Lyon CNRS Inserm CREATIS UMR 5220 LyonF-69621 France Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai200030 China

Low signal to noise ratio (SNR) remains one of the limitations of diffusion weighted (DW) imaging. How to suppress the influence of noise on the subsequent analysis about the tissue microstructure is still challenging. This work proposed a novel self-supervised learning model, Replace2Self, to effectively reduce spatial correlated noise in DW images. Specifically, a voxel replacement strategy based on similar block matching in Q-space was proposed to destroy the correlations of noise in DW image along one diffusion gradient direction. To alleviate the signal gap caused by the voxel replacement, an image mixing strategy based on complementary mask was designed to generate two different noisy DW images. After that, these two noisy DW images were taken as input, and the non-correlated noisy DWimage after voxel replacement was taken as learning target, a denoising network was trained for denoising. To promote the denoising performance, a complementary mask mixing consistency loss and an inverse replacement regularization loss were also proposed. Through the comparisons against several existing DW image denoising methods on extensive simulation data with different noise distributions, noise levels and b-values, as well as the acquisition datasets and the ablation experiments, we verified the effectiveness of the proposed method. Regardless of the noise distribution and noise level, the proposed method achieved the highest PSNR, which was at least 1.9% higher than the suboptimal method when the noise level reaches 10%. Furthermore, our method has superior generalization ability due to the use of the proposed strategies. © 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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