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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dong, Feng Li, Shaofei Jiang, Peng Li, Ding Wang, Haoyu Huang, Liangyi Xiao, Xusheng Chen, Jiedong Luo, Xiapu Guo, Yao Chen, Xiangqun Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China School of Computer Science Peking University China Arizona State University United States Sangfor Technologies Inc. China The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong

Provenance-Based Endpoint Detection and Response (P-EDR) systems are deemed crucial for future APT defenses. Despite the fact that numerous new techniques to improve P-EDR systems have been proposed in academia, it is still unclear whether the industry will adopt P-EDR systems and what improvements the industry desires for P-EDR systems. To this end, we conduct the first set of systematic studies on the effectiveness and the limitations of P-EDR systems. Our study consists of four components: a one-to-one interview, an online questionnaire study, a survey of the relevant literature, and a systematic measurement study. Our research indicates that all industry experts consider P-EDR systems to be more effective than conventional Endpoint Detection and Response (EDR) systems. However, industry experts are concerned about the operating cost of P-EDR systems. In addition, our research reveals three significant gaps between academia and industry: (1) overlooking client-side overhead;(2) imbalanced alarm triage cost and interpretation cost;and (3) excessive server-side memory consumption. This paper's findings provide objective data on the effectiveness of P-EDR systems and how much improvements are needed to adopt P-EDR systems in industry. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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NODLINK: An Online system for Fine-Grained APT Attack Detection and Investigation

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Li, Shaofei Dong, Feng Xiao, Xusheng Wang, Haoyu Shao, Fei Chen, Jiedong Guo, Yao Chen, Xiangqun Li, Ding School of Computer Science Peking University China Arizona State University United States Case Western Reserve University United States Sangfor Technologies Inc. China Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

Advanced Persistent Threats (APT) attacks have plagued modern enterprises, causing significant financial losses. To counter these attacks, researchers propose techniques that capture the complex and stealthy scenarios of APT attacks by using provenance graphs to model system entities and their dependencies. Particularly, to accelerate attack detection and reduce financial losses, online provenance-based detection systems that detect and investigate APT attacks under the constraints of timeliness and limited resources are in dire need. Unfortunately, existing online systems usually sacrifice detection granularity to reduce computational complexity and produce provenance graphs with more than 100,000 nodes, posing challenges for security admins to interpret the detection results. In this paper, we design and implement NODLINK, the first online detection system that maintains high detection accuracy without sacrificing detection granularity. Our insight is that the APT attack detection process in online provenance-based detection systems can be modeled as a Steiner Tree Problem (STP), which has efficient online approximation algorithms that recover concise attack-related provenance graphs with a theoretically bounded error. To utilize the frameworks of the STP approximation algorithm for APT attack detection, we propose a novel design of in-memory cache, an efficient attack screening method, and a new STP approximation algorithm that is more efficient than the conventional one in APT attack detection while maintaining the same complexity. We evaluate NODLINK in a production environment. The open-world experiment shows that NODLINK outperforms two state-of-the-art (SOTA) online provenance analysis systems by achieving magnitudes higher detection and investigation accuracy while having the same or higher throughput. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Approximation algorithms

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Multi-Label Text Classification for Judicial Texts via Dual Graph and Label Feature Fusion

Multi-Label Text Classification for Judicial Texts via Dual ...

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Smart World Congress (SWC), IEEE

作者： Qiliang Gu Qin Lu Shandong Engineering Research Center of Big Data Applied Technology Faculty of Computer Science and Technology Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Network and Information System Security Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Jinan China

ISBN: (数字)9798331520861

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520878

The legal judgement prediction (LJP) of judicial texts represents a multi-label text classification (MLTC) problem, which in turn involves three distinct tasks: the prediction of charges, legal articles, and terms of penalty. Nevertheless, extant multi-label text classification models tend to eschew the consideration of multiple correlations and semantic information between labels when predicting judicial texts, which may result in the loss of pertinent information. Furthermore, these models do not take full advantage of the local and overall information of the labels in the process of selecting appropriate labels for the text using the multi-head attention mechanism. To address these issues, we propose a new model, BGFLFF, which explores label correlation and semantics among the three tasks by employing Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and multi-head attention mechanisms. In particular, we propose a Bi-Graph Fusion GCN (BGF-GCN), which fuses the co-occurrence matrix of labels with the cosine similarity matrix, thereby fully exploiting the multiple correlations between labels. Furthermore, prior to embedding the tags, the interpretations of the labels are obtained via Google in order to enhance the semantic information between the labels. To further reinforce the interconnections between labels and text and more effectively comprehend the interrelationships between the three tasks, we propose a Multi-Head Label Feature Fusion Attentional Mechanism (MH-LFFAtt), which assigns distinct weights to the pertinent label information in the text by fusing the local and overall features of the labels. The experimental results demonstrate that the F1 score exhibits an improvement of up to ${2. 2 8 \%}$ and a minimum of ${1. 2 9 \%}$ across the various tasks of the two datasets. This evidence substantiates the assertion that BGFLFF outperforms the existing baseline model.

关键词： Attention mechanisms Correlation Law Graph convolutional networks Fuses Text categorization Semantics Predictive models Multitasking Internet

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Robust Containment Control of Heterogeneous Uncertain Multi-Agent systems under Markovian Switching Topologies

Robust Containment Control of Heterogeneous Uncertain Multi-...

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Fully Actuated system Theory and Applications (CFASTA), Conference on

作者： Haihua Guo Cong Bi Xiang Xu Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Control Theory and Intelligent Systems Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China Hong Kong Institute for Data Science City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China College of Artificial Intelligence Nankai University Tianjin China School of System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen China

ISBN: (数字)9798350373691

ISBN: (纸本)9798350373707

This study addresses the robust output containment control problem of heterogeneous uncertain multi-agent systems under Markovian switching topologies. A novel distributed output feedback controller is proposed. Based on the internal model approach, the main result shows that the output of each follower agent converges to the convex hull formed by the outputs of the leader agents under the proposed distributed controller. An illustrative example is given to validate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

关键词： Switches Control systems Formation control Topology Output feedback Multi-agent systems

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A Malware Identification and Detection Method Using Mixture Correntropy-Based Deep Neural Network 3rd

A Malware Identification and Detection Method Using Mixture ...

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3rd International Conference on Cyberspace data and Intelligence, Cyber DI 2019, and the International Conference on Cyber-Living, Cyber-Syndrome, and Cyber-Health, CyberLife 2019

作者： Luo, Xiong Li, Jianyuan Wang, Weiping Gao, Yang Zhao, Wenbing School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing100083 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering for Materials Science Beijing100083 China Beijing Intelligent Logistics System Collaborative Innovation Center Beijing101149 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA15261 United States China Information Technology Security Evaluation Center Beijing100085 China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Cleveland State University ClevelandOH44115 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789811519215

With the rapid development of CPS technology, the identification and detection of malware has become a matter of concern in the industrial application of CPS. Currently, advanced machine learning methods such as deep learning are popular in the research of malware identification and detection, and some progress has been made so far. However, there are also some problems. For example, considering the existing noise or outliers in the datasets of malware, some methods are not robust enough. Therefore, the accuracy of classification of malware still needs to be improved. Aiming at it, we propose a novel method thought the combination of correntropy and deep neural network (DNN). In our proposed method for malware identification and detection, given the success of mixture correntropy as an effective similarity measure in addressing complex dataset with noise, it is therefore incorporated into a popular DNN, i.e., convolutional neural network (CNN), to reconstruct its loss function, with the purpose of further detecting the features of outliers. We present the detailed design process of our proposed method. Furthermore, the proposed method is tested both on a popular benchmark dataset and a real-world malware classification dataset, to verify its learning performance. © 2019, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Mixtures

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Robust Imagined Speech Production Using AI-Generated Content Network for Patients with Language Impairments

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IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics 2024年

作者： Xu, Xu Fu, Chong Dalian University of Technology School of Software Dalian116621 China Northeastern University School of Computer Science and Engineering Shenyang110004 China Northeastern University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing in Medical Image Ministry of Education Shenyang110819 China Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Security Technology of Complex Network System Shenyang110004 China

Imagined speech production is critical for brain-computer interface systems. It is able to provide the communication ability for patients with language impairments. Nowadays, many studies have developed algorithms for this purpose. However, they often struggle with an issue that is the noise in physiological signals from various devices. This makes current methods have low robustness when performing speech generation. To this end, we propose a framework to robustly producing imagined speech for patients with language impairments. It is based on artificial intelligent-generated content (AIGC). In specific, this work develops a diffusion model to remove noise from brain signals, which are then converted and normalized into log-mel spectrograms. Next, the product feeds into a transformer-based model to extract local and global features. Finally, these enhanced features are inputted into full connected layers to generate the imagined speech. The effectiveness of our model is validated using the high-quality, i.e., single-word-production-Dutch-iBIDS dataset. It achieves Pearson correlation scores above 0.8 and standard deviations below 0.2 across different volunteers. Experimental results well demonstrate that our model is robust and has advantages over peer methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Deep learning

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Secure Cryptography Infrastructures in the Cloud

Secure Cryptography Infrastructures in the Cloud

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IEEE Global Communications Conference

作者： Dawei Chu Kaijie Zhu Quanwei Cai Jingqiang Lin Fengjun Li Le Guan Lingchen Zhang State Key Laboratory of Information Security Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological R&D Center CHINA Data Assurance and Communication Security Research Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science The University of Kansas USA Department of Computer Science University of Georgia USA

ISBN: (数字)9781728109626

ISBN: (纸本)9781728109633

Information systems are deployed in clouds as virtual machines (VMs) for better agility, elasticity and reliability. It is necessary to safekeep their cryptographic keys, e.g., the private keys used in TLS and SSH, against various attacks. However, existing virtualization solutions do not improve the cryptography facilities of in-cloud systems. This paper presents SECRIN, a secure cryptography infrastructure for VMs in the cloud. SECRIN is composed of a) virtual cryptographic devices implemented in VM monitors (VMMs), and b) a device management tool integrated in the virtualization management system. A virtual device receives requests from VMs, computes with cryptographic keys within the VMM and returns results. The keys appear only in the VMM's memory space, so that they are kept secret even if the VMs were compromised. With the management tool, the operator of virtualization management systems assigns virtual cryptographic devices to a VM as well as other resources, while the tenant (or owner) of a VM still holds proper controls on the keys. The virtual devices work compatibly with live migration, and the cryptographic computations are not interrupted when the VMs are moving from a host to another. We develop the SECRIN prototype with KVM-QEMU and oVirt. Experimental results show that, it works compatibly with existing virtualization solutions, provides reliable cryptographic computing services for applications, and is secure against attacks happening in VMs.

关键词： Cryptography Virtualization Cloud computing Virtual machine monitors Password Reliability Tools

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Towards Unified Token Learning for Vision-Language Tracking

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zheng, Yaozong Zhong, Bineng Liang, Qihua Li, Guorong Ji, Rongrong Li, Xianxian The Key Laboratory of Education Blockchain and Intelligent Technology Ministry of Education Guangxi Normal University Guilin541004 China The Guangxi Key Laboratory of Multi-Source Information Mining and Security Guangxi Normal University Guilin541004 China The School of Computer Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Media Analytics and Computing Lab Department of Artificial Intelligence School of Informatics Xiamen University 361005 China

In this paper, we present a simple, flexible and effective vision-language (VL) tracking pipeline, termed MMTrack, which casts VL tracking as a token generation task. Traditional paradigms address VL tracking task indirectly with sophisticated prior designs, making them over-specialize on the features of specific architectures or mechanisms. In contrast, our proposed framework serializes language description and bounding box into a sequence of discrete tokens. In this new design paradigm, all token queries are required to perceive the desired target and directly predict spatial coordinates of the target in an auto-regressive manner. The design without other prior modules avoids multiple sub-tasks learning and hand-designed loss functions, significantly reducing the complexity of VL tracking modeling and allowing our tracker to use a simple cross-entropy loss as unified optimization objective for VL tracking task. Extensive experiments on TNL2K, LaSOT, LaSOText and OTB99-Lang benchmarks show that our approach achieves promising results, compared to other state-of-the-arts. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Modeling languages

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Train delays prediction based on feature selection and random forest

Train delays prediction based on feature selection and rando...

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International Conference on intelligent Transportation

作者： Yuanyuan Ji Wei Zheng Hairong Dong Pengfei Gao National Research Center of Railway Safety Assessment Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China National Research Centre of Railway Safety Assessment and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Traffic Data Security and Privacy Protection Technology Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing State Key Lab of Rail Traffic Control & Safety Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing

ISBN: (数字)9781728141497

ISBN: (纸本)9781728141503

Although trains are more efficient and convenient than other transportation, delays often occur. Accurately predicting the delay time of trains is of great significance to both dispatchers and passengers. The method for predicting the arrival delay time of trains is based on feature selection algorithm and machine learning. First, we collect train delay cases to sort out the delay factors. In addition to internal factors, external factors such as weather and signal failure are also considered. Then, an improved max-relevance and min-redundancy method (mRMR) is used for feature selection. Finally, we apply the method of weighted random forest (wRF) to predict the delay time. The results demonstrate that the feature selection algorithm has a prominent effect on improving the accuracy of the model, and the mean square error based on the weighted random forest has an improvement potential in forecast precision.

关键词： Delays Feature extraction Predictive models Prediction algorithms Rail transportation Correlation Random forests

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A survey of facial expression recognition based on deep learning

A survey of facial expression recognition based on deep lear...

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IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA)

作者： Heng Wei Zhi Zhang Collage of Computer Science and Technology Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System Wuhan China Big Data Science and Engineering Research Institute Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan China

ISBN: (数字)9781728151694

ISBN: (纸本)9781728151700

Facial expression recognition is the key research direction in many fields such as machine vision, pattern recognition and artificial intelligence. lt has become a research hotspot of many scholars and experts. This paper gives a comprehensive overview of deep expression recognition from image preprocessing, common expression recognition networks, and common expression databases. Then we review the current design and training strategies of deep neural networks based on static images and dynamic images, and discuss their advantages and limitations. Finally, the future challenges and corresponding opportunities in the field are analyzed, as well as the future direction of deep learning expression recognition systems.

关键词： Deep learning Training Image recognition databases Face recognition Neural networks Training data

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