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Variation and adaptation in leaf sulfur content across China

Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第4期15卷 743-755页

作者： Wenzong Zhao Chunwang Xiao Mingxu Li Li Xu Nianpeng He College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of ChinaBeijing 100081China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 10049China Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

Sulfur is an essential functional element in leaves,and it plays important roles in regulating plant growth,development and abiotic stress resistance in natural ***,there has been limited information on the spatial variation in leaf sulfur content(LSC)and adaptive characters on a large community *** in leaves of 2207 plant species from 80 widespread ecosystems(31 forests,38 grasslands and 11 deserts)in China was ***-way analysis of variance with Duncan’s multiple-range tests were used to evaluate the differences in LSC among different plant growth forms and *** fitted the relationships of LSC to spatial and climate factors using *** equation modeling analysis and phylogenetic analysis helped us further explore the main factors of LSC *** ranged from 0.15 to 48.64 g·kg^(-1),with an average of 2.13±0.04 g·kg^(-1) at the community scale in *** observed significant spatial variation in LSC among different ecosystems and ***,LSC was higher in arid areas and ***,higher LSC was observed under environments of drought,low temperatures and intense ultraviolet ***,precipitation,radiation,soil sulfur content and aridity jointly regulated LSC,explaining 79%of the spatial ***,LSC was not significantly related to *** results demonstrate that LSC plays an important role in plant adaptations to extreme environments and further extend our understanding of the biological function of sulfur from the organ to the community *** findings highlight the importance of sulfur metabolism for our understanding of the impact of global climate change on plants.

关键词： functional trait functional element leaf sulfur content plant growth forms spatial variation China

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Optimization of vegetation carbon content parameters and their application in carbon storage estimation in China

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Science of the Total Environment 2024年 955卷 176912页

作者： Yu, Cong Xu, Li He, Nianpeng Li, Mingxu Kang, Xiaoyan Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University Harbin150040 China

As a key parameter for C pool and flux assessments, vegetation carbon (C) content can be used in ecological models to predict climate-induced changes in the C sequestration capacity of vegetation. However, the differences in methods for upscaling C content from the organ to the community scale and their impact on regional C stock estimates have been ignored. Based on a comprehensive community structure survey of 72 typical natural ecosystems in China and 27,905 measured samples of plant organs (leaves, twigs, trunks, and roots), we first quantified the differences among scaling-up methods for vegetation C content. These methods included the community or dominant species-weighted mean, geometric mean, arithmetic mean, and traditional empirical coefficients (45 % and 50 %), and their impact on C storage estimation at the regional scale. Comparing the accuracy, variability, and response patterns of the different scaling-up methods, the dominant C species biomass-weighted mean (CDWM) method had the highest similarity to the community-weighted C mean (CCWM) method. Concerning vegetation C storage estimation in China's natural terrestrial ecosystems, the relative errors of the other methods ranged from −2.6 % to 8.22 % compared with that of the CCWM method (18.39 Pg C). The empirical coefficients had the highest uncertainty, with a 45 % empirical coefficient underestimating the vegetation C stock by 2.60 %, and a 50 % empirical coefficient overestimating it by 8.22 %. The CDWM method proposed here has high reliability for C storage estimation (overestimated by only 0.44 %), making it a preferable sampling and scaling-up method for regional C content and stock assessment. Additionally, our study provided the C content of plant organs for China's provinces and typical vegetation types based on the CCWM, which could be used for regional C stock assessment and C cycle models. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Carbon sequestration

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Effect of Functional Microorganisms and Environmental Factors on Co2 and Ch4 Emissions in a Typical Floodplain Lake System

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Wu, Fan Gao, Yang Li, Jiajia Ha, Xianrui Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

Lakes are known as potential carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) emission hotspots, whose associated flux is spatially variable. However, the microbial processes and the environmental controls that influence CO2 and CH4 emission heterogeneity remain poorly understood. Accordingly, this study investigates CO2 and CH4 emission heterogeneity in a large floodplain lake system and distribution characteristics of associated functional microorganisms. Findings show that mean CO2 and CH4 flux values in the sub lake area were 62.03 ± 24.21 mg m-2 d-1 and 5.97 ± 3.2 μg m-2 d-1, which were greater by factors of 1.78 and 2.96 compared to the water channel and the main lake area, respectively. The Shannon index of methanogens in the sub lake area was lower than that in the main lake and water channel *** abundance of methanogens in bottom water layer was higher compared with the middle and surface layers. Conversely, the abundance of methane (CH4)-oxidizing bacteria in the surface layer was higher than that in the bottom layer. Additionally, the composition of methanogen and CH4-oxidizing bacterial community, chlorophyll a (Chl-a), pH, total phosphorus (TP) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content constituted the dominate driving factors affecting lake carbon (C) emissions. Results from this study can be used to improve our understanding of lake CO2 and CH4 emission driving mechanisms in floodplain lakes under the coupling effects of functional C microorganisms and environmental factors. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Lakes

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Deep soil carbon pool responses to climate change in the Chinese Loess Plateau

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Science Bulletin 2025年第4期70卷 504-507页

作者： Guangyao Gao Binbin Li Karl J.Niklas Yuanyuan Huang Mingxiang Xu Guobin Liu Bojie Fu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China National Observation and Research Station of Earth Critical Zone on the Loess Plateau in Shaanxi Xi’an 710061China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shaanxi Yan'an Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station Beijing 100085China

Soil carbon(C)reservoirs,encompassing both organic(SOC)and inorganic(SIC)forms,represent the largest terrestrial carbon sink,surpassing the carbon stored in vegetation and the atmosphere combined[1].In light of the pressing concerns surrounding global warming and its cascading effects on climate dynamics,the scientific community has devoted significant attention to delineating the quantity,typology,and spatial distribution of soil C[2],[3].While research efforts have predominantly concentrated on SOC,given its substantial contribution to soil C content compared with SIC,it is important to recognize that SIC also plays a significant role,particularly in deeper soil horizons[4].Notably,in arid and semi-arid regions,which encompass approximately 41%of the Earth’s terrestrial surface,SIC is the dominant form of soil C[5],[6],with SIC pools in both top and deep soils exceeding SOC by factors ranging from 2 to 10[7].Consequently,there is a critical imperative to accurately quantify both SOC and SIC stocks across various soil depths in these water-limited regions[7].

关键词： soil carbon Plateau

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Temperature sensitivity quandary of soil microbial community structure in Tibetan alpine grasslands: A meta-analysis and field experiment

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Science of the Total Environment 2024年 955卷 176961页

作者： Fu, Gang Li, Tianyu Zha, Xinjie Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China Xi'an University of Finance and Economics Xi'an China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

Soil microorganisms act as the primary decomposers in global terrestrial ecosystems. Whether climate warming will lead to the convergence of the temperature sensitivity of soil microbial community structure and the convergence of the responses of soil microbial community structure to warming remains controversial. This study explored how warming amplitude affected the temperature sensitivity of soil bacteria and fungi community structures, and how it influenced the responses of soil bacteria and fungi community structures to warming on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau based on meta-analysis and a single-site warming experiment. The temperature sensitivity of soil microbial community structure did not consistently decline with increasing warming magnitude;instead, it even rose, which might be associated with the nonlinear relationships of the warming magnitude with the temperature sensitivity of ecological processes of soil microbial community assembly or the topological parameters of species co-occurrence network. Meta-analysis indicated that responses of soil microbial community to warming were independent of warming amplitude. However, the single-site warming experiment demonstrated that responses of soil microbial community to warming varied with warming amplitude. These inconsistent results might be attributed to distinct spatial scales, grassland types, climatic conditions and warming magnitudes between the single-site experiment and the meta-analysis. Therefore, the temperature sensitivity of soil microbial community and its response to climate warming cannot be simply characterized as monotonically decreasing or increasing in relation to increasing warming magnitude. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Abiotic

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Biochar reduces N2O emission from fertilized cropland soils: a meta-analysis

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Carbon Research 2025年第1期4卷 1-14页

作者： Zhong, Lei Wang, Ping Gu, Zhibin Song, Yufeng Cai, Xiaoxian Yu, Guanqi Xu, Xingliang Kuzyakov, Yakov School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Tianjin300072 China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Yanqi Lake Huairou District Beijing101408 China Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil Science University of Goettingen Göttingen37077 Germany Moscow117198 Russia Institute of Environmental Sciences Kazan Federal University Kazan420049 Russia

Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from soil are an important contributor to global warming, particularly from intensively fertilized croplands. Biochar is commonly applied to reduce N2O emissions and raise soil fertility by regulating soil structure, microbial processes, and crop nitrogen use efficiency. However, the effects of biochar on N2O emissions from fertilized croplands depend on its sources and production conditions, including feedstocks, pyrolysis temperatures, properties and application rates. To generalize findings from individual studies, we synthesized 550 observations that simultaneously measured N2O emissions, nitrification enzyme activity (NEA), denitrification enzyme activity (DEA), and relevant functional genes (AOA, AOB, narG, nirK, nirS, and nosZ) to assess their responses to biochar production conditions, properties and application rates across cropland ecosystems. Wheat straw biochar increased the abundances of all functional genes related to N2O emissions and DEA, while pyrolysis temperatures exceeding 450 ℃ decreased DEA. Low-temperature pyrolysis biochar was particularly effective in reducing N2O emissions. The abundance of denitrifiers and DEA-related genes increased with the pH, ash content, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of biochar. As biochar application rates increased, N2O emissions were reduced, largely due to an increase in nosZ gene abundance and soil pH. A common biochar application rate of 20 t ha−1 decreased N2O emissions by 19%, primarily through reduced denitrification, while 50 t ha−1 reduced N2O emissions by 48%. Biochar preparation conditions, and property changes had no significant effects on N2O emissions at application rates below 20 t ha−1. When application rates exceeded 20 t ha−1, biochar pyrolysis temperature and properties influenced N2O emissions, indicating a threshold application rate, beyond which biochar affects N2O emissions. Biochar regulates the soil N cycle and N2O emissions primarily through denitrificatio

关键词： Fertilizers

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Decadal shifts in Qingzang Plateau lake carbon dynamics (1970-2020): From predominant carbon sources to emerging sinks

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Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第5期21卷 123-132页

作者： Di Shen Yu Li Yafeng Wang Shouliang Huo Yong Liu Junjie Jia Shuoyue Wang Kun Sun Yang Gao College of Earth and Environment Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000PR China State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101PR China Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing100012PR China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing1008714PR China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101PR China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049PR China

The evasion of carbon dioxide(CO_(2))from lakes significantly influences the global carbon *** global climatic transformations,the role of Qingzang Plateau(QZP)lakes as carbon(C)sources or sinks remains a subject of ***,accurately quantifying their contribution to the global carbon budget presents a formidable ***,spanning half a century(1970e2020),we utilize a synthesis of literature and empirical field data to assess the CO_(2) exchange flux of QZP *** find markedly higher CO_(2) exchange flux in the southeast lakes than that in the northern and western regions from 1970 to *** this time,both freshwater and saltwater lakes served primarily as carbon *** annual CO_(2) exchange flux was estimated at 2.04±0.37 Tg(Tg)C yr1,mainly influenced by temperature *** CO_(2) exchange flux patterns underwent a geographical inversion between 2000 and 2020,with increased levels in the west and decreased levels in the ***,CO_(2) emissions from freshwater lakes diminished,and certain saltwater lakes in the QTP transitioned from carbon sources to *** 2000 to 2020,the annual CO_(2) exchange flux from QZP lakes is estimated at 1.34±0.50 Tg C yr1,with solar radiation playing a more pronounced role in carbon ***,over the past five decades,QZP lakes have generally functioned as carbon ***,the total annual CO_(2) emissions have declined since the year 2000,indicating a potential shift trend from being a carbon source to a sink,mirroring broader patterns of global climate *** findings not only augment our understanding of the carbon cycle in plateau aquatic systems but also provide crucial data for refining China's carbon budget.

关键词： Carbon source Carbon sink Carbon exchange flux Qingzang Plateau Global climate change

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Cultivated Grassland Development on the Tibetan Plateau:Current Status,Challenges,Suggestions

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2024年第4期15卷 804-813页

作者： HOU Ge SHI Peili ZHAO Guangshuai CHEN Xueying HUANG Xiaofang DUAN Cheng Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Development Research Center National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationBeijing 100714China University of Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

The Tibetan Plateau is vital for animal husbandry in China,and relies heavily on its natural ***,grassland degradation,increasing livestock numbers,and uneven grazing practices are exacerbating the grass-livestock *** grasslands are a key strategy to address this *** this review,we evaluate the current status,challenges,and suggestions for developing and managing Tibetan Plateau cultivated *** discernible advancements have been made in the cultivated grasslands in this region,persistent challenges *** challenges stem from issues like low awareness and enthusiasm among farmers and herders,uneven cultivated grassland distribution,and limited scientific and technological *** on these challenges,we propose strengthening the promotion of artificial forage,implementing a rationalized grassland layout,and improving the scientific and technological contributions to forage species selection,sowing,management,and *** summary,cultivated grasslands in the Tibetan Plateau offer promising prospects but still face significant *** these obstacles will require innovative approaches to unlock the full potential of cultivated grasslands in this unique ecological niche.

关键词： animal husbandry balance of grass and livestock cultivated grassland Tibetan Plateau

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Different responses of soil respiration and its components to nitrogen and phosphorus addition in a subtropical secondary forest

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Forest ecosystems 2021年第3期8卷 491-503页

作者： Junjun Zhang Yong Li Jinsong Wang Weinan Chen Dashuan Tian Shuli Niu Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Key Laboratory of Wetland Services and Restoration Institute of Wetland ResearchChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091China Department of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Background:Nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)deposition have largely affected soil respiration(Rs)in forest ***,few studies have explored how N and P individually or in combination to influence Rs and its components(autotrophic respiration,Ra;heterotrophic respiration,Rh),especially in highly P-limited subtropical *** address this question,we conducted a field manipulation experiment with N and/or P addition in a 50-year-old subtropical secondary ***:We found that N addition on average reduced Rs,Ra,and Rh by 15.2%,15%,and 11.7%,respectively during 2-year field study.P addition had an inconsistent effect on Ra,with Ra increasing by 50.5%in the first year but reducing by 26.6%in the second ***,P addition on average decreased Rh by 8.9%–30.9%and Rs by 6.7%–15.6%across 2 *** contrast,N and P co-addition on average increased Rs,Ra,and Rh by 1.9%,7.9%,and 2.1%during the experimental *** Rs and Rh were significantly correlated with soil temperature,their temperature sensitivities were not significantly changed by *** was predominantly regulated by soil nitrogen availability(NH4+and NO3−),soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC),and enzyme activities,while the variation in Rh was mainly attributable to changes in soil microbial community composition and soilβ-D-Cellubiosidase(CB)andβ-Xylosidase(XYL)***:Our findings highlight the contrasting responses of Rs and its components to N or P addition against N and P co-addition,which should be differentially considered in biogeochemical models in order to improve prediction of forest carbon dynamics in the context of N and P enrichment in terrestrial ecosystems.

关键词： Nitrogen deposition Phosphorus enrichment Heterotrophic respiration Autotrophic respiration Enzyme activities Microbial community composition

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Diversity loss and light limitation threaten the sustainability of ecosystem productivity gains under nitrogen enrichment

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 958卷 177960页

作者： Zhang, Wenshuo Li, Tingting Li, Jiawen Zhang, Ruiyang Xu, Li Wang, Jinsong Hu, Jian Niu, Shuli Tian, Dashuan Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China College of Life Sciences China West Normal University Nanchong637009 China Sichuan Zoige Alpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station Southwest Minzu University Chengdu610041 China

Plant photosynthesis significantly regulates atmospheric CO₂ but is often limited by nitrogen (N) availability. While N deposition could alleviate this limitation and enhance gross ecosystem productivity (GEP), its long-term effects are uncertain due to potential negative impacts like biodiversity loss and soil acidification. Yet, many long-term N addition experiments emphasize community biomass over gross GEP. Here, we conducted a six-year N addition experiment in an alpine meadow, frequently monitoring GEP, community structure, aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP)and plant traits. We found that N addition significantly enhanced GEP in the first three years, but during 4–6 years this effect disappeared. We further disentangled the mechanisms affecting GEP into biomass-based and non-biomass-based processes. The latter is expressed as biomass-specific GEP, defined as GEP per unit biomass. Differing with GEP, biomass-specific GEP provides a metric of carbon assimilation efficiency normalized to biomass. Unlike previous studies, we found that it was not ANPP, but specific GEP that determined the loss of the short-term N effect. ANPP showed a consistent increase under N addition, whereas specific GEP decreased in the last three years. This specific GEP reduction was primarily regulated by biodiversity loss and increased light limitation under N addition. Overall, our findings suggest that short-term benefits of N deposition on GEP are not sustained in long term, highlighting the need to explore the non-biomass-based mechanisms to better predict ecosystem responses to prolonged N enrichment. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Anthropogenic

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