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Integration of nitrogen dynamics into the land surface model *** 2:baseline data and variation of carbon and nitrogen fluxes in China

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2020年第6期13卷 518-526页

作者： DAN Li YANG Xiujing YANG Fuqiang PENG Jing LI Yueyue GAO Dongdong JI Jinjun HUANG Mei Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

The spatiotemporal features of carbon and nitrogen fluxes over China between 1979 and 2015were simulated by the Atmosphere–Vegetation Interaction Model(AVIM).The carbon fluxes of gross primary production and net primary production captured the distribution pattern in China better than MODIS and TRENDY *** results for nitrogen deposition and biological nitrogen fixation show the good performance of the AVIM simulation compared with the CMIP6 and CABLE data,with a deposition rate>4 g N m-2yr-1in south *** variation in the gross primary production and net primary production can be up to 300 and 200 g C m-2yr-1in south and southeast China,respectively,and there is a discrepancy between the AVIM and the data from MODIS and *** shows the difficulty in simulating the carbon flux in a monsoon climate region and the importance of coupling the nitrogen–carbon *** standard deviation of nitrogen deposition and biological nitrogen fixation is simulated well by the AVIM and there is a large range in nitrogen deposition of 0.8–1.2 g N m-2yr-1in south *** climatological mean of the fluxes performs better than the variation in the standard deviation and anomaly and this variation in the carbon–nitrogen flux is the key to decreasing bias in future modeling studies.

关键词： AVIM nitrogen dynamics regional scale carbon and nitrogen flux

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Responses of soil nutrients and enzyme activities to afforestation species and age on China’s Loess Plateau: An investigation from soil aggregates aspect

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Agriculture, ecosystems & Environment 2025年 393卷

作者： Dixing Feng Yufei Yao Jingyun Zhou Weibo Kong Jianlun Gao Qingyin Zhang Xiaoxu Jia Ming'an Shao Xiaorong Wei Liping Qiu State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau College of Soil and Water Conservation Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling Shaanxi 712100 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northwest University Xi’an Shaanxi 710127 China Yulin Meteorological Office of Shaanxi Province Yulin Shaanxi 718600 China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi'an Shaanxi 710127 China

Farmland afforestation has long been considered an effective approach to improve soil structure and nutrients cycling. Whereas, how the tree species and afforestation ages affect soil enzymes associated with carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycling at aggregate scale has been less examined. In this study, we examined the effects of farmland afforestation with legume trees (Black locust, Robinia pseudoacacia ) at three stand ages (10, 20, and 30 years) and with non-legume trees (Chinese pine, Pinus tabulaeformis ) at 30 years on soil organic C (SOC), total N (TN), total P (TP) and the C-, N-, and P- acquiring enzyme activities (EEA C , EEA N , and EEA P ) in bulk soils and aggregates in the southern part of China’s Loess Plateau. We found that afforestation with black locust significantly increased the proportion of > 2 mm aggregates and mean weight diameter (MWD) across the 10–30 years, whereas afforestation with Chinese pine reduced > 2 mm aggregates and MWD. Farmland afforestation increased SOC and TN, with greater effect occurring at greater ages for legume trees and in < 0.25 mm fraction, but uniformly decreased TP in soil aggregates. Afforestation increased soil enzyme activities, with greater effects on N enzymes for afforestation with non-legume trees at 0–10 cm and greater effects on C and P enzymes for afforestation with legume trees. In addition, EEA C and EEA N were highest in < 0.25 mm aggregate fraction, but EEA P was independent of aggregate size. The enzyme activities in > 2 mm aggregates accounted for 54 %-60 % of the activities in bulk soils. Our results suggest that enzyme activity was determined mainly by the > 2 mm aggregates and was significantly influenced by afforestation species and ages through changing soil nutrients and aggregate size distribution.

关键词： Afforestation Enzyme activity Nutrient Soil aggregate

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Advances in Quantifying Impact and Extent of Water-Land-Food Nexus for Food Security in Africa

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第4期13卷 520-541页

作者： Auguste Cesar Itangishaka Yonghui Yang Kiril Manevski Huilong Li Telesphore Habiyakare Gratien Twagirayezu Jean Yves Uwamungu Christine Mushimiyimana Romaine Ingabire Hubert Hirwa Vincent Nzabarinda Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Hebei Laboratory of Agricultural Water-Saving Center for Agricultural Resources Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijiazhuang China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Department of Agroecology Aarhus University Tjele Denmark Sino-Danish Center for Education and Research Beijing China College of Resources and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou China Tianshui Normal University Tianshui China College of Bioengineering and Technology Tianshui Normal University Tianshui China Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Resource Utilization of Agricultural Solid Waste Tianshui Normal University Tianshui China China-Belarus Institute of Ecology and Environment Tianshui Normal University Tianshui China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi China

Food systems have the potential to promote human health and enhance environmental sustainability;yet most African countries have decadal starvation and malnourishment due to unstable food systems lacking basic nutritional profiles. To understand the key questions of the African food production and food security crisis, it is important to evaluate the past and the present balance of food production and consumption quantitatively and comprehensively and identify resource constraints. This continental study analyzed water-land-food (WLF) nexus in recent decades (1997-2017) and accessed whether these resources cope with different population growth projections, dietary changes and agricultural water management. The findings revealed that in 2017, total production in Africa for the four major crops was 83.3, 34.1, 21.0 and 26.7 million tons for, respectively, maize, rice, sorghum and wheat. Together with the imported food, 38 countries experienced an increase in kcal by food supply, while 7 countries encountered a decrease. However, only 6 countries were above the 1500 kcal∙capita⁻¹∙day⁻¹—the global average food consumption from the four major crops. The study also found that in the context of food production and out of the total African population, 268 million (21.6%) have enough land and water, 310 million (25.0%) is without enough land and water, further 279 million (22.5%) have enough water but not enough land, and 381 million (30.8%) encounter enough land but not enough water. This is the first WLF nexus study for the African continent and emphasizes the need for efficient and rapid changes in the food systems of the African population, both in production and consumption, in order to provide sustainable and secure food systems, and ultimately approach the first three Sustainable Development Goals.

关键词： Basic Dietary Requirements Cereal Import Dependency Ration Constraint Import Production Shortages Resource

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Author Correction: Relationships of stomatal morphology to the environment across plant communities

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Nature communications 2024年第1期15卷 439页

作者： Congcong Liu Lawren Sack Ying Li Jiahui Zhang Kailiang Yu Qiongyu Zhang Nianpeng He Guirui Yu Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China) National Ethnic Affairs Commission 100081 Beijing China. College of Life and Environmental Sciences Minzu University of China 100081 Beijing China. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90025 USA. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Princeton University Princeton NJ 08540 USA. Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China. henp@***. Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry University 150040 Harbin China. henp@***. Earth Critical Zone and Flux Research Station of Xing'an Mountains Chinese Academy of Sciences 165200 Daxing'anling China. henp@***. College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences 100049 Beijing China.

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Characterizing the Spatio-temporal Dynamics and Variability in Climate Extremes over the Tibetan Plateau during 1960–2012

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2019年第4期10卷 397-414页

作者： ZHOU Yuke Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Extreme climate events play an important role in studies of long-term climate change. As the Earth’s Third Pole, the Tibetan Plateau(TP) is sensitive to climate change and variation. In this study on the TP, the spatiotemporal changes in climate extreme indices(CEIs) are analyzed based on daily maximum and minimum surface air temperatures and precipitation at 98 meteorological stations, most with elevations of at least 4000 m above sea level, during 1960–2012. Fifteen temperature extreme indices(TEIs) and eight precipitation extreme indices(PEIs) were calculated. Then, their long-term change patterns, from spatial and temporal perspectives, were determined at regional, eco-regional and station levels. The entire TP region exhibits a significant warming trend, as reflected by the TEIs. The regional cold days and nights show decreasing trends at rates of-8.9 d(10 yr)-1(days per decade) and-17.3 d(10 yr)-1, respectively. The corresponding warm days and nights have increased by 7.6 d(10 yr)-1 and 12.5 d(10 yr)-1, respectively. At the station level, the majority of stations indicate statistically significant trends for all TEIs, but they show spatial heterogeneity. The eco-regional TEIs show patterns that are consistent with the entire TP. The growing season has become longer at a rate of 5.3 d(10 yr)^-1. The abrupt change points for CEIs were examined, and they were mainly distributed during the 1980 s and 1990 s. The PEIs on the TP exhibit clear fluctuations and increasing trends with small magnitudes. The annual total precipitation has increased by 2.8 mm(10 yr)^-1(not statistically significant). Most of the CEIs will maintain a persistent trend, as indicated by their Hurst exponents. The developing trends of the CEIs do not show a corresponding change with increasing altitude. In general, the warming trends demonstrate an asymmetric pattern reflected by the rapid increase in the warming trends of the cold TEIs, which are of greater magnitudes than those of the warm T

关键词： Tibetan Plateau(TP) climate extreme indices(CEIs) trend analysis change point Hurst exponent

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Examining Health of Wetlands with Multiple ecosystem Services as Targets in China’s Coastal Regions

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Chinese Geographical Science 2020年第4期30卷 600-613页

作者： ZHOU Yangming DOU Yuehan YU Xiubo ZHANG Li HUANG Chong WANG Yuyu LI Xiaowei LI He JIA Yifei BAKKER Martha CARSJENS Gerrit Jan ZHOU Yan DUAN Houlang School of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Land Use Planning Group Wageningen University and ResearchWageningen 6700HBthe Netherlands Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai Shandong 264003China College of Biology and Environment Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China

Coastal zones are key interconnectors of terrestrial and marine *** to the degradation and fragmentation of coastal wetlands,there is an urgent need to develop assessment methodology to compare the health of wetland ecosystems at different spatial *** will help efficiently develop and implement protections using easy-to-access ecosystem health *** study aims to understand the spatial distribution of coastal and inland wetland health for China’s coastal regions.A Wetland Health Index(WHI)was developed to provide a basis for policy and decision *** utilization models—Long Term Model,Open Model,Nature Reserve Model,and Protected and Economic Model—were defined in the context of China’s coastal regions to specifically examine wetland *** show that the average WHI score was 63.6 with the range of 44.8–84.3 for 35 National Nature Reserves(NNRs),and the southern NNRs generally performed better than the northern *** wetlands in the southern provinces/municipalities are relatively healthier than their northern *** competent authority has slight influence on WHI scores but duration of conservation establishment does not show a clear *** increasing economic activity,the differences in health conditions(WHI scores)of China’s coastal regions also *** Domestic Product(GDP)or economic intensification does not relate to WHI *** trade-offs between wetland management and economic development could contribute to improve health conditions,conservation and utilization of coastal and inland wetlands.

关键词： Wetland Health Index(WHI) ecosystem services wetland utilization coastal zones

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Response of Plant Community Carbon and Nitrogen Stoichiometry to Experimental Warming on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2020年第3期11卷 315-321页

作者： ZHANG Haorui QIN Jiwei FU Gang Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of Tibet Autonomous Region Academy of Sciences Institute of Agricultural Resource and EnvironmentLhasa 850002China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Low temperature is an important limiting factor for alpine ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau. This study is based on data from on-site experimental warming platforms(open top chambers, OTC) at three elevations(4300 m, 4500 m, 4700 m) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry characteristics of plant communities, both above-ground and below-ground, were observed in three alpine meadow ecosystems in August and September of 2011 and August of 2012. Experimental warming significantly increased above-ground nitrogen content by 21.4% in September 2011 at 4500 m, and reduced above-ground carbon content by 3.9% in August 2012 at 4300 m. Experimental warming significantly increased below-ground carbon content by 5.5% in August 2011 at 4500 m, and the below-ground ratio of carbon to nitrogen by 28.0% in September 2011 at 4300 m, but reduced below-ground nitrogen content by 15.7% in September 2011 at 4700 m, below-ground carbon content by 34.3% in August 2012 at 4700 m, and the below-ground ratio of carbon to nitrogen by 37.9% in August 2012 at 4700 m. Experimental warming had no significant effect on the characteristics of community carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry under other conditions. Therefore, experimental warming had inconsistent effects on the carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry of plant communities at different elevations and during different months. Soil ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content were the main factors affecting plant community carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry.

关键词： Damxung County alpine meadow open top chambers carbon and nitrogen stoichiometry

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A Meta-analysis of the Effects of Warming and Elevated CO_2 on Soil Microbes

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2019年第1期10卷 69-76页

作者： FU Gang ZHANG Haorui LI Shaowei SUN Wei Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Soil microbes play important roles in terrestrial ecosystem carbon and nitrogen cycling. Climatic warming and elevated CO2 are two aspects of climatic change. In this study, we used a meta-analysis approach to synthesise observations related to the effects of warming and elevated CO2 on soil microbial biomass and community structure. ecosystem types were mainly grouped into forests and grasslands. Warming methods included open top chambers and infrared radiators. Experimental settings included all-day warming, daytime warming and nighttime warming. Warming increased soil actinomycetes and saprotrophic fungi, while elevated CO2 decreased soil gram-positive bacteria(G+). Mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation were negatively correlated with warming effects on gram-negative bacteria(G–) and total phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA), respectively. Elevation was positively correlated with the warming effect on total PLFA, bacteria, G+ and G–. Grassland exhibited a positive response of total PLFA and actinomycetes to warming, while forest exhibited a positive response in the ratio of soil fungi to bacteria(F/B ratio) to warming. The open top chamber method increased G–, while the infrared radiator method decreased the F/B ratio. Daytime warming rather than all-day warming increased G–. Our findings indicated that the effects of warming on soil microbes differed with ecosystem types, warming methods, warming times, elevation and local climate conditions.

关键词： ecosystem types elevated CO2 increased temperature response ratio warming methods

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Satellite-based Estimates of Canopy Photosynthetic Parameters for an Alpine Meadow in Northern Tibet

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2020年第3期11卷 253-262页

作者： NIU Ben HE Yongtao ZHANG Xianzhou SHI Peili DU Mingyuan Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and ModelingInstitute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences National Agriculture and Food Research OrganizationIbaraki 305-8604Japan

Plant photosynthesis is the fundamental driver of all the biospheric functions. Alpine meadow on the Tibetan Plateau is sensitive to rapid climate change, and thus can be considered an indicator for the response of terrestrial ecosystems to climate change. However, seasonal variations in photosynthetic parameters, including the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation by canopy(FPAR), the light extinction coefficient(k) through canopy, and the leaf area index(LAI) of plant communities, are not known for alpine meadows on the Tibetan Plateau. In this study, we used field measurements of radiation components and canopy structure from 2009 to 2011 at a typical alpine meadow on the northern Tibetan Plateau to calculate these three photosynthetic parameters. We developed a satellite-based(NDVI and EVI) method derived from the Beer-Lambert law to estimate the seasonal dynamics of FPAR, k,and LAI, and we compared these estimates with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS) FPAR(FPAR_MOD) and LAI product(LAI_MOD). The results showed that the average daily FPAR was 0.33, 0.37 and 0.35, respectively, from 2009 to 2011, and that the temporal variations could be explained by all four satellite-based FPAR estimations, including FPAR_MOD, an FPAR estimation derived from the Beer-Lambert law with a constant k(FPAR_LAI), and two FPAR estimations from the nonlinear functions between the ground measurements of FPAR(FAPRg) and NDVI/EVI(FPAR_NDVI and FPAR_EVI). We found that FPAR_MOD seriously undervalued FPARg by over 40%. Tower-based FPAR_LAI also significantly underestimated FPARg by approximately 20% due to the constant k(0.5) throughout the whole growing seasons. This indicated that using FPAR_LAI to validate the FPAR_MOD was not an appropriate method in this alpine meadow because the seasonal variation of k ranged from 0.19 to 2.95 in this alpine meadow. Thus, if the seasonal variation of k was taken into consideration, both FPAR_NDVI and FPAR_EVI provided

关键词： radiation components Beer-Lambert law light extinction coefficient leaf area index alpine meadow Tibetan Plateau

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Response of Microbial Communities in Soil to Multi-level Warming in a Highland Barley System of the Lhasa River

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2019年第4期10卷 373-378页

作者： FU Gang SUN Wei LI Shaowei ZHONG Zhiming Lhasa Plateau Ecosystem Research Station Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

No studies have examined the effect of experimental warming on the microbial biomass and community composition of soil in agricultural ecosystem on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Thus it is unclear whether the influences of experimental warming on microbial communities in soil are related to warming magnitude in croplands on this Plateau. This study performed warming experiment(control, low-and high-level) in a highland barley system of the Lhasa River in May 2014 to examine the correlation between the response of microbial communities in soil to warming and warming magnitude. Topsoil samples(0–10 and 10–20 cm) were collected on September 14, 2014. Experimental warming at both low and high levels significantly increased soil temperature by 1.02 ℃ and 1.59 ℃, respectively at the depth of 15 cm. Phospho lipid fatty acid(PLFA) method was used to determine the microbial community in soil. The low-level experimental warming did not significantly affect the soil’s total PLFA, fungi, bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF), actinomycetes, gram-positive bacteria(G+), gram-negative bacteria(G–), protozoa, the ratio of fungi to bacteria(F/B ratio), and ratio of G+ to G–(G+/G– ratio) at the 0–10 and 10–20 cm depth. The low-level experimental warming also did not significantly alter the composition of microbial community in soil at the 0–10 and 10–20 cm depth. The high-level experimental warming significantly increased total PLFA by 74.4%, fungi by 78.0%, bacteria by 74.0%, AMF by 66.9%, actinomycetes by 81.4%, G+ by 67.0% and G– by 74.4% at the 0–10 cm depth rather than at 10–20 cm depth. The high-level experimental warming significantly altered microbial community composition in soil at the 0–10 cm depth rather than at 10-20 cm depth. Our findings suggest that the response of microbial communities in soil to warming varied with warming magnitudes in the highland barley system of the Lhasa River.

关键词： infrared heater microbial biomass phospho lipid fatty acid warming level

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