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21st IEEE International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications, 17th IEEE International Conference on Smart City and 5th IEEE International Conference on Data Science and systems, HPCC/SmartCity/DSS 2019

作者： Zhang, Youjun Liu, Guanjun Zheng, Lutao Yan, Chungang Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Embedded System and Service Computing Shanghai Electronic Transactions and Information Service Collaborative Innovation Center Tongji University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728120584

With the Internet and mobile communications becoming an indispensable part of people's daily lives, online transactions have become one of the most common payment methods. However, transaction fraud incidents also occur frequently, causing a larger number of economic losses. Therefore, transaction fraud detection is significant. The methods of machine learning are often used to detect fraudulent transactions from a larger amount of transaction data. However, the class imbalance problem reduces the performance of these methods. There are mainly four factors causing this problem: imbalanced class distribution, sample size, class separability and within-class concept. The existing improvement strategies for class imbalance mainly focus on the first factor but omit other three ones. This paper considers the four factors to propose a comprehensive model called clustering tree. Constructing a clustering tree includes two steps: 1) we first select a clustering algorithm considering the class separability;and then 2) we use this clustering algorithm to construct a tree that can be used to determine if an incoming transaction is illegal. The root node of this tree contains all samples, and we consider both the imbalanced class distribution and the within-class concept when samples are hierarchically divided into sub-nodes during the constructing process. We compare the proposed method with five state-of-the-art ones on two real transaction datasets, and the experimental results show that our method works better. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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An Automated Feature Engineering Method for Online Payment Fraud Detection

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Jisuanji Xuebao/Chinese Journal of computers 2020年第10期43卷 1983-2001页

作者： Wang, Cheng Wang, Chang-Qi Department of Computer Science and Technology School of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai201804 China The Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Shanghai201804 China Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

Internet finance fraud is an increasingly serious social and economic problem. Online payment services (OPSs) are the typical models of Internet finance, and the fraudulent transaction in OPSs is also a typical fraud pattern. The method of identifying fraudulent transactions by constructing a fraud detection model based on machine learning has become a promising idea for online payment anti-fraud. In the process of constructing fraud detection models, the feature engineering is the most critical step. It is also one of the most time-consuming and specialized steps in the relevant area. In the study of feature engineering, the existing online payment fraud detection models are mainly carried out by experts in the form of manual construction based on business knowledge. However, there are many fraud scenarios in OPSs where the process of feature construction is so different. Artificial feature construction methods can no longer meet the increasing demand of anti-fraud. An important way to solve this problem is to automate feature engineering. In the field of Internet financial anti-fraud, the expressibility and interpretability of features play a pivotal role. It is helpful to understand the original source fields and their construction process of important features. This is useful for mining and analyzing the characteristics of fraud methods and follow-up improvement rules engines. These are of great significance for fraud detection models. Therefore, the interpretability of the model method is particularly important. Usually, the optimization of detection accuracy is carried out under the premise of ensuring interpretability. This paper proposed a lightweight, tree-structure, high efficiency and scalable automatic feature engineering method for fraud detection of online payment. The method is as follows: (1) The method has low requirements on the calculation conditions and little dependence on the dataset samples. To realize this advantage, it used the tree structur

关键词： Feature extraction

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Random Forest Parameter Optimization Method Based on Fireworks Algorithm 3

Random Forest Parameter Optimization Method Based on Firewor...

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3rd International Conference on E-Business, Information Management and computer Science, EBIMCS 2020

作者： Liang, Shurong Xie, Xiaolan Cheng, Xiaochun Tao, Xiaohua Guangxi Key Laboratory of Embedded Technology and Intelligent System Guilin University of Technology Guilin China Department of Computer Science Middlesex University LondonNW4 4BE United Kingdom College of Information Science and Engineering Guilin University of Technology Guilin China

ISBN: (纸本)9781450389099

The construction of a smart city needs to be supported by good machine learning methods, random forest is a kind of technology which has been widely applied in dealing with regression or classification problems. The difficult points to be solved include how to set random forest parameters. The number of subtrees and samples will affect the performance of the algorithm to a great extent. This paper proposes a forest parameter optimization method based on firework algorithm (FWA-RF). By using its explosion, mutation and selection mechanisms, the parameters are adjusted in self-adaptive man-ner to avoid falling into a local optimal state. Through the comparative experiments on 15 UCI databases, the accuracy of the improved algorithm is higher than that of the original RF classification by 1.55% to 26.67%, and is superior to decision tree, Bagging, Adaboost as well as RF based on genetic algorithm. The results indicate that this method can effectively find the range of effective adjustment parameters, make parameter optimization and adjustment easier, and provide technical support for the creation of smart city. © 2020 ACM.

关键词： Decision trees

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Detecting Data-flow Errors Based on Petri Nets With Data Operations

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2018年第1期5卷 251-260页

作者： Dongming Xiang Guanjun Liu Chungang Yan Changjun Jiang Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai 201804 China IEEE

In order to guarantee the correctness of business processes, not only control-flow errors but also data-flow errors should be considered. The control-flow errors mainly focus on deadlock, livelock, soundness, and so on. However, there are not too many methods for detecting data-flow errors. This paper defines Petri nets with data operations(PN-DO) that can model the operations on data such as read, write and delete. Based on PN-DO, we define some data-flow errors in this paper. We construct a reachability graph with data operations for each PN-DO, and then propose a method to reduce the reachability graph. Based on the reduced reachability graph, data-flow errors can be detected rapidly. A case study is given to illustrate the effectiveness of our methods.

关键词： Business process modeling data-flow errors Petri nets reachability graph

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Non-intrusive load disaggregation using semi-supervised learning method

Non-intrusive load disaggregation using semi-supervised lear...

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2019 International Conference on Security, Pattern Analysis, and Cybernetics, SPAC 2019

作者： Miao, Nan Zhao, Shengjie Shi, Qingjiang Zhang, Rongqing Tongji University Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing of Ministry of Education Shanghai China Tongji University Sch. of Software Eng. the Key Lab. of Embedded System and Service Computing of Ministry of Education Shanghai China Tongji University School of Software Engineering Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728159287

With the emerging of smart metering around the world, there is a growing demand to analyse the residential energy usage. In this paper, we propose a Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based approach for non-intrusive load monitoring (NILM), which can achieve effective and efficient estimation of individual appliance usage according to a single main meter reading in a non-intrusive manner. Considering practical situations, two training methods are provided. The first training approach is fully supervised learning, which requires a ground truth of label, indicating the state of the appliance (ON/OFF), to build a prediction model. The second training approach is semi-supervised learning, leading to better performance by F-Measure metric while only requiring some more unlabelled training data. Experimental results on the low-sample rate REDD dataset demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed DNN-based method compared with Hidden Markov Model (HMM)based and Graph Signal Processing (GSP)-based approaches. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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Low-rate non-intrusive appliance load monitoring based on graph signal processing

Low-rate non-intrusive appliance load monitoring based on gr...

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2019 International Conference on Security, Pattern Analysis, and Cybernetics, SPAC 2019

作者： Zhang, Bing Zhao, Shengjie Shi, Qingjiang Zhang, Rongqing Tongji University Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing of Ministry of Education Shanghai China Tongji University Sch. of Software Eng. the Key Lab. of Embedded System and Service Computing of Ministry of Education Shanghai China Tongji University School of Software Engineering Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728159287

Thanks to the large-scale smart meters deployments around the world, non-intrusive appliance load monitoring (NILM) is receiving popularity. It aims to disaggregate the total electricity load of a home into individual appliances without resorting to any specific appliance power monitors. NILM is worthy of broad attention owing to its facilitation in energy savings. This paper regards NILM as a classification task and proposes a two-step method based on graph signal processing (GSP). In the first step, a smoothest solution is obtained by minimizing the regularization term. In the second step, gradient projection method, which uses the obtained minimizer as a start point, is adopted to optimize the while objective function, where NILM is regarded as a constrained nonlinear programming problem. The experiment results based on the open-access data set REDD clearly demonstrate that the proposed GSP-based method achieves improved performance compared with other state-of-the-art low-rate NILM approaches. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Signal processing

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CSformer: Bridging Convolution and Transformer for Compressive Sensing

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Ye, Dongjie Ni, Zhangkai Wang, Hanli Zhang, Jian Wang, Shiqi Kwong, Sam The Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong The Department of Computer Science & Technology Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai200092 China The School of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School Shenzhen518055 China The Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen518052 China The City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute Shenzhen518057 China

Convolution neural networks (CNNs) have succeeded in compressive image sensing. However, due to the inductive bias of locality and weight sharing, the convolution operations demonstrate the intrinsic limitations in modeling the long-range dependency. Transformer, designed initially as a sequence-to-sequence model, excels at capturing global contexts due to the self-attention-based architectures even though it may be equipped with limited localization abilities. This paper proposes CSformer, a hybrid framework that integrates the advantages of leveraging both detailed spatial information from CNN and the global context provided by transformer for enhanced representation learning. The proposed approach is an end-to-end compressive image sensing method, composed of adaptive sampling and recovery. In the sampling module, images are measured block-by-block by the learned sampling matrix. In the reconstruction stage, the measurement is projected into dual stems. One is the CNN stem for modeling the neighborhood relationships by convolution, and the other is the transformer stem for adopting global self-attention mechanism. The dual branches structure is concurrent, and the local features and global representations are fused under different resolutions to maximize the complementary of features. Furthermore, we explore a progressive strategy and window-based transformer block to reduce the parameter and computational complexity. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the dedicated transformer-based architecture for compressive sensing, which achieves superior performance compared to state-of-the-art methods on different datasets. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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Energy Efficiency and Delay Tradeoff in an MEC-Enabled Mobile IoT Network

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Hu, Han Song, Weiwei Wang, Qun Hu, Rose Qingyang Zhu, Hongbo Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003 China Engineering Research Center of Health Service System Based on Ubiquitous Wireless Networks Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Utah State University LoganUT United States

Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has recently emerged as a promising technology in the 5G era. It is deemed an effective paradigm to support computation intensive and delay critical applications even at energy-constrained and computation-limited Internet of Things (IoT) devices. To effectively exploit the performance benefits enabled by MEC, it is imperative to jointly allocate radio and computational resources by considering non-stationary computation demands, user mobility, and wireless fading channels. This paper aims to study the tradeoff between energy efficiency (EE) and service delay for multi-user multi-server MEC-enabled IoT systems when provisioning offloading services in a user mobility scenario. Particularly, we formulate a stochastic optimization problem with the objective of minimizing the long-term average network EE with the constraints of the task queue stability, peak transmit power, maximum CPU-cycle frequency, and maximum user number. To tackle the problem, we propose an online offloading and resource allocation algorithm by transforming the original problem into several individual subproblems in each time slot based on Lyapunov optimization theory, which are then solved by convex decomposition and submodular methods. Theoretical analysis proves that the proposed algorithm can achieve a [O(1/V), O(V)] tradeoff between EE and service delay. Simulation results verify the theoretical analysis and demonstrate our proposed algorithm can offer much better EE-delay performance in task offloading challenges, compared to several baselines. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Internet of things

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MetaFruit Meets Foundation Models: Leveraging a Comprehensive Multi-Fruit Dataset for Advancing Agricultural Foundation Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Jiajia Lammers, Kyle Yin, Xunyuan Yin, Xiang He, Long Lu, Renfu Li, Zhaojian Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State University East LansingMI United States School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore Department of Automation Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering Pennsylvania State University United States United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service East LansingMI United States Department of Mechanical Engineering Michigan State University East LansingMI United States

Fruit harvesting poses a significant labor and financial burden for the industry, highlighting the critical need for advancements in robotic harvesting solutions. Machine vision-based fruit detection has been recognized as a crucial component for robust identification of fruits to guide robotic manipulation. Despite considerable progress in leveraging deep learning and machine learning techniques for fruit detection, a common shortfall is the inability to swiftly extend the developed models across different orchards and/or various fruit species. Additionally, the limited availability of pertinent data further compounds these challenges. In this work, we introduce MetaFruit, the largest publicly available multi-class fruit dataset, comprising 4,248 images and 248,015 manually labeled instances across diverse U.S. orchards. Furthermore, this study proposes an innovative open-set fruit detection system leveraging advanced Vision Foundation Models (VFMs) for fruit detection that can adeptly identify a wide array of fruit types under varying orchard conditions. This system not only demonstrates remarkable adaptability in learning from minimal data through few-shot learning but also shows the ability to interpret human instructions for subtle detection tasks. The performance of the developed foundation model is comprehensively evaluated using several metrics, which outperforms the existing state-of-the-art algorithms in both our MetaFruit dataset and other open-sourced fruit datasets, thereby setting a new benchmark in the field of agricultural technology and robotic harvesting. The MetaFruit dataset (https://***/datasets/jiajiali/metafruit) and detection framework (https://***/JiajiaLi04/FMFruit) are open-sourced to foster future research in vision-based fruit harvesting, marking a significant stride toward addressing the urgent needs of the agricultural sector. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Fruits

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Metafruit Meets Foundation Models: Leveraging a Comprehensive Multi-Fruit Dataset for Advancing Agricultural Foundation Models

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

Fruit harvesting poses a significant labor and financial burden for the industry, highlighting the critical need for advancements in robotic harvesting solutions. Machine vision-based fruit detection has been recognized as a crucial component for robust identification of fruits to guide robotic manipulation. Despite considerable progress in leveraging deep learning and machine learning techniques for fruit detection, a common shortfall is the inability to swiftly extend the developed models across different orchards and/or various fruit species. Additionally, the limited availability of pertinent data further compounds these challenges. In this work, we introduce MetaFruit, the largest publicly available multi-class fruit dataset, comprising 4,248 images and 248,015 manually labeled instances across diverse U.S. orchards. Furthermore, this study proposes an innovative open-set fruit detection system leveraging advanced Vision Foundation Models (VFMs) for fruit detection that can adeptly identify a wide array of fruit types under varying orchard conditions. This system not only demonstrates remarkable adaptability in learning from minimal data through few-shot learning but also shows the ability to interpret human instructions for subtle detection tasks. The performance of the developed foundation model is comprehensively evaluated using several metrics, which outperforms the existing state-of-the-art algorithms in both our MetaFruit dataset and other open-sourced fruit datasets, thereby setting a new benchmark in the field of agricultural technology and robotic harvesting. The MetaFruit dataset and detection framework are open-sourced to foster future research in vision-based fruit harvesting, marking a significant stride toward addressing the urgent needs of the agricultural sector. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Fruits

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