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Lightweight Object Detection Networks for UAV Aerial Images Based on YOLO

Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第4期33卷 997-1009页

作者： Yanshan LI Jiarong WANG Kunhua ZHANG Jiawei YI Miaomiao WEI Lirong ZHENG Weixin XIE ATR National Key Laboratory of Defense Technology Shenzhen University Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen University

Existing high-precision object detection algorithms for UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle) aerial images often have a large number of parameters and heavy weight, which makes it difficult to be applied to mobile *** propose three YOLO-based lightweight object detection networks for UAVs, named YOLO-L, YOLO-S, and YOLO-M, respectively. In YOLO-L, we adopt a deconvolution approach to explore suitable upsampling rules during training to improve the detection accuracy. The convolution-batch normalization-Si LU activation function(CBS)structure is replaced with Ghost CBS to reduce the number of parameters and weight, meanwhile Maxpool maximum pooling operation is proposed to replace the CBS structure to avoid generating parameters and weight. YOLO-S greatly reduces the weight of the network by directly introducing CSPGhost Neck residual structures, so that the parameters and weight are respectively decreased by about 15% at the expense of 2.4% mAP. And YOLO-M adopts the CSPGhost Neck residual structure and deconvolution to reduce parameters by 5.6% and weight by 5.7%, while m AP only by 1.8%. The results show that the three lightweight detection networks proposed in this paper have good performance in UAV aerial image object detection task.

关键词： Training YOLO Deconvolution Accuracy Object detection Autonomous aerial vehicles Feature extraction

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A method of embedding a high-resolution image into a large field-of-view image

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第14期84卷 13037-13056页

作者： Dong, Yanmei Pei, Mingtao Jia, Yunde Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Graph Processing Tus College of Digit Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou545006 China Beijing Laboratory of Intelligent Information Technology School of Computer Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

Images captured by wide-angle cameras or fisheye cameras are with large Field-of-View (FOV) but low resolution, while images captured by conventional cameras are with high-resolution but limited FOV. To handle this contradiction, in this paper, we propose to improve the resolution of a large FOV image by embedding a high-resolution image into it. We present an image embedding method based on non-rigid transformations and mesh optimization. Without any radial distortion correction on large FOV images, we utilize non-rigid transformations to model the mathematical transformation relationship between the high-resolution image and the large FOV image. Meanwhile, we exploit mesh optimization to generate evenly distributed control points for maintaining the shape and content of the large FOV image. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we capture some image pairs from a conventional camera and a large FOV camera, and exploit several classic image alignment methods to implement four baseline methods. The experimental results show that our method preserves the shape and content of the original FOV image from 58% to 82%, which significantly outperforms all baseline methods. The results indicate that the proposed method can effectively embed a high-resolution image into a large FOV image as well as preserve the shape and content of the large FOV image. In other words, the resolution of a large FOV image can be improved via high-resolution image embedding. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Embeddings

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High-Throughput and Energy-Efficient FPGA-Based Accelerator for All Adder Neural Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 20357-20376页

作者： Zhang, Ning Ni, Shuo Chen, Liang Wang, Tong Chen, He Beijing Institute of Technology National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Space-Born Intelligent Information Processing Beijing100081 China

Neural networks have been extensively applied across various Internet of Things (IoT) applications, such as drone- and satellite-based remote sensing and autonomous driving. With the increasing resolution and amount of data captured by sensors, the demand for real-time response in IoT applications is markedly increasing. However, it is difficult for existing convolutional neural network (CNN) accelerators for IoT applications on field-programmable gate array (FPGA) platforms to achieve high throughput because of the inherent dense multiplication operations of CNNs, memory bandwidth limitations and inefficient mapping mechanisms. In this article, a high-throughput and energy-efficient all adder neural network (A2NN) accelerator for IoT applications on FPGA platform is proposed to solve this problem. First, a series of hardware-oriented algorithm optimization methods are proposed to simplify the processing flow of A2NN and further minimize its deployment overhead. Second, a novel hardware architecture based on the idea of near-memory computation (NMC) is proposed to eliminate off-chip memory access completely and accelerate the reconstructed A2NN in the pipeline. Third, a set of quantitative analysis methods for the proposed accelerator is presented to balance throughput and energy consumption, allowing the accelerator to adapt to the varying demands of different IoT application scenarios. Extensive experimental results on the AMD-Xilinx VC709 board demonstrate that the proposed accelerator achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of throughput, energy efficiency, and throughput efficiency. Moreover, experiments on the AMD-Xilinx KV260 board highlight the architecture’s exceptional scalability and energy efficiency, enabling a balance between speed and power consumption tailored to the specific requirements of IoT application scenarios. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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A Heuristic Radiomics Feature Selection Method Based on Frequency Iteration and Multi-Supervised Training Mode

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2277-2293页

作者： Zhigao Zeng Aoting Tang Shengqiu Yi Xinpan Yuan Yanhui Zhu School of Computer Hunan University of TechnologyZhuzhou412007China Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Perception and Processing Technology Zhuzhou412007China

Radiomics is a non-invasive method for extracting quantitative and higher-dimensional features from medical images for *** has received great attention due to its huge application prospects in recent *** can know that the number of features selected by the existing radiomics feature selectionmethods is basically about *** this paper,a heuristic feature selection method based on frequency iteration and multiple supervised training mode is *** on the combination between features,it decomposes all features layer by layer to select the optimal features for each layer,then fuses the optimal features to form a local optimal group layer by layer and iterates to the global optimal combination *** with the currentmethod with the best prediction performance in the three data sets,thismethod proposed in this paper can reduce the number of features fromabout ten to about three without losing classification accuracy and even significantly improving classification *** proposed method has better interpretability and generalization ability,which gives it great potential in the feature selection of radiomics.

关键词： Radiomics feature selection machine learning metaheuristic

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Secure data rate maximization for full-duplex UAV-enabled base station

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Digital Communications and Networks 2024年第5期10卷 1387-1393页

作者： Chunlong He Xinjie Li Yin Huang Jianzhen Lin Gongbin Qian Xingquan Li Guangdong Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Shenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory Southeast UniversityNanjing211189China Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology ShenzhenChina

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV)is an air base station featuring flexible deployment and *** can significantly improve the communication quality of the system due to its line-of-sight channel connection with ground ***,due to the openness of UAV-to-Ground channels,the communication between ground users'devices and UAV is easily *** this paper,we aim to improve the security of communication system by using full-duplex UAV as a mobile air base *** UAV sends interference signals to eavesdroppers and receives signals from ground *** jointly optimize the scheduling between the UAV and ground devices,the transmission power of the UAV and ground devices,as well as the trajectory of the UAV to maximize the minimum average security communication data *** optimization problem is mixed with integers and nonconvex ***,this problem is not a standard convex optimization problem,which can not be solved with standard *** this in mind,we propose an effective algorithm which solves this problem iteratively by applying Successive Convex Approximation(SCA),variable relaxation and ***,numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： UAV relay Physical layer security Full-duplex UAV Power optimization Trajectory optimization

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Metalens-based hybrid probe near-infrared endoscope objective

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Optics Express 2025年第3期33卷 5757-5768页

作者： Song, Yichen Mao, Shan Tang, Yufeng Zhao, Jianlin Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology School of Physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an710129 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Remote Sensing and Intelligent Information Processing Xi’an710119 China

Rapid large-area deep tissue imaging at long working distances is important for clinical diagnosis. A near-infrared metalens-based hybrid probe con-focal micro-endoscope (pCM) objective with a large field of view of 500 µm, a long working distance of 300 µm, and a small caliber of 2.2 mm was designed, which is compatible with conventional endoscopes to produce cell-resolution images of deep tissues. The performance of the metalens-based hybrid objective optical system was analyzed. Results show that the metalens-based hybrid pCM significantly improves the imaging quality of such optical systems under the premise of meeting the design accuracy requirements, which provides a new solution and an effective realization for the design of such optical systems. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Infrared devices

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Echo state network based symbol detection in chaotic baseband wireless communication

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Digital Communications and Networks 2023年第6期9卷 1319-1330页

作者： Huiping Yin Chao Bai Haipeng Ren Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Complex System Control and Intelligent Information Processing Xi'an University of TechnologyXi'an710048China Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment Xi'an Technological UniversityXi'an710021China

The Chaotic Baseband Wireless Communication System(CBWCS)is expected to eliminate the Inter-Symbol Interference(ISI)caused by multipath propagation by using the optimal decoding threshold that is the sum of the ISI caused by past decoded bits and the ISI caused by future transmitting ***,the current technique is only capable of removing partial effects of the ISI,because only past decoded bits are available for the suboptimal decoding threshold *** unavailability of the future information needed for the optimal decoding threshold is an obstacle to further improve the Bit Error Rate(BER)*** contrast to the previous method using Echo State Network(ESN)to predict one future bit,the proposed method in this paper predicts the optimal decoding threshold directly using *** proposed ESN-based threshold prediction method simplifies the symbol decoding operation by avoiding the iterative prediction of the output waveform points using ESN and accumulated error caused by the iterative *** this approach,the calculation complexity is reduced compared to the previous ESN-based *** proposed method achieves better BER performance compared to the previous *** reason for this superior result is ***,the proposed ESN is capable of using more future symbols information conveyed by the ESN input to obtain more accurate threshold rather than the previous method in which only one future symbol was ***,the proposed method here does not need to estimate the channel information using Least Squared(LS)method,which avoids the extra error caused by inaccurate channel information *** results and experiment based on a wireless open-access research platform under a practical wireless channel show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

关键词： Chaotic baseband wireless communication system(CBWCS) Inter-symbol interference(ISI) Echo state network(ESN) Threshold prediction

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Semi-supervised Speech Lie Detection Algorithm Based on Multiple Features and Adaptive Threshold

IAENG International Journal of Computer Science

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IAENG International Journal of Computer Science 2025年第6期52卷 2015-2021页

作者： Zheng, Shuailong Tao, Huawei Yu, Hang Xi, Ji Zhu, Chunhua Wang, Xuemei Key Laboratory for Grain Information Processing and Control Henan Key Laboratory of Grain Storage Information Intelligent Perception and Decision Making Henan University of Technology Zhengzhou450001 China Computer Information Engineering Changzhou Institute of Technology Jiangsu213000 China

The limited number of labeled samples can significantly affect the accuracy of speech lie detection systems. However, semi-supervised algorithms have been shown to effectively improve detection performance under such constraints. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a semi-supervised speech lie detection algorithm that utilizes multiple features and adaptive thresholds. First, through comparative analysis, this paper identifies 312-dimensional acoustic features and 768-dimensional self-supervised features as the key elements of lie detection. Then, these acoustic features are processed using a bidirectional long short-term memory network (Bi-LSTM), which obtains comprehensive information by analyzing acoustic statistical features in both forward and backward directions. Subsequently, this paper develops a semi-supervised feature fusion module (BSFM) to extract deeper insights from basic features and achieves adaptive feature fusion through targeted training. In addition, based on a detailed analysis of the distribution characteristics of lie detection samples, this paper proposes an improved Freematch algorithm to better utilize unlabeled data. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms most existing methods on the self-built H-Wolf dataset and the Columbia/SRI/Colorado Corpus (CSC). © (2025), (International Association of Engineers). All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Semi-supervised learning

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Robust Self-Localization of Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第12期12卷 21646-21661页

作者： Wang, Xu Hu, De Liu, Rui Bao, Feilong Inner Mongolia University College of Computer Science National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Information Processing Technology for Mongolian Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Mongolian Information Processing Technology Hohhot010021 China

Wireless acoustic sensor networks (WASNs), or the so-called Internet of Audio Things (IoAuT), have attracted increasing attention in the Internet of Things community. As the geometric structure of WASNs is required in audio/speech processing tasks like source localization or acoustic beamforming, automatic self-localization of sensors is necessary. However, most of the existing approaches suffer from poor stability, as their constructed cost functions involve nonconvex programming. To address this issue, we investigate the robust self-localization (or geometry calibration) of WASNs in this article. Specifically, a rough self-localization (RSL) method is first presented based on measurements including Time-Difference-of-Arrivals (TDoAs), direction-of-arrivals (DoA), and energy-rates (ERs), and its closed-form solution is further derived. As ER estimates are sensitive to acoustic environments, the performance of the RSL method is somewhat limited. Therefore, a precise self-localization (PSL) method is then developed by building a weighted (and nonconvex) TDoA-DoA cost function, after regarding the RSL approach as an initialization step. As the RSL offers better initial values compared with existing initialization strategies, the combination of RSL and PSL methods (named as RSL-PSL method) shows stronger robustness and stability. In addition, computational complexity of both RSL and PSL methods is analyzed in detail. Finally, the Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB) of the PSL method is derived to show its theoretical lower bound. The proposed RSL-PSL method outperforms the state-of-the-arts in terms of stability and accuracy, which is confirmed by numerical real-world and simulation experiments. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Cost functions

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HOZ++: Versatile Hierarchical Object-to-Zone Graph for Object Navigation

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IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 2025年第7期47卷 5958-5975页

作者： Zhang, Sixian Song, Xinhang Yu, Xinyao Bai, Yubing Guo, Xinlong Li, Weijie Jiang, Shuqiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Beijing100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

The goal of object navigation task is to reach the expected objects using visual information in unseen environments. Previous works typically implement deep models as agents that are trained to predict actions based on visual observations. Despite extensive training, agents often fail to make wise decisions when navigating in unseen environments toward invisible targets. In contrast, humans demonstrate a remarkable talent to navigate toward targets even in unseen environments. This superior capability is attributed to the cognitive map in the hippocampus, which enables humans to recall past experiences in similar situations and anticipate future occurrences during navigation. It is also dynamically updated with new observations from unseen environments. The cognitive map equips humans with a wealth of prior knowledge, significantly enhancing their navigation capabilities. Inspired by human navigation mechanisms, we propose the Hierarchical Object-to-Zone (HOZ++) graph, which encapsulates the regularities among objects, zones, and scenes. The HOZ++ graph helps the agent to identify the current zone and the target zone, and computes an optimal path between them, then selects the next zone along the path as the guidance for the agent. Moreover, the HOZ++ graph continuously updates based on real-time observations in new environments, thereby enhancing its adaptability to new environments. Our HOZ++ graph is versatile and can be integrated into existing methods, including end-to-end RL and modular methods. Our method is evaluated across four simulators, including AI2-THOR, RoboTHOR, Gibson, and Matterport 3D. Additionally, we build a realistic environment to evaluate our method in the real world. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method. © 1979-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Digital elevation model

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