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Advances in photosynthesis research: Unlocking the potential for food security, renewable energy, and environmental sustainability

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2025年第4期67卷 879-881页

作者： Wenqiang Yang Rongcheng Lin State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization and Key Laboratory of Photobiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences China National Botanical Garden University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Xianghu Laboratory Institute of Biotechnology

Photosynthesis is the most important biochemical process and the largest-scale process of matter and energy conversion on *** is the process by which plants,algae,and certain bacteria convert light energy into chemical *** photosynthesis,solar energy is used to transform carbon dioxide and water into organicmatter (such as glucose) and oxygen.

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Chloroplast protein translocation complexes and their regulation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2025年第4期 912-925页

作者： Jiale Xing Junting Pan Wenqiang Yang State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization and Key Laboratory of Photobiology Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory for Quality Assurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-di Herbs Artemisinin Research Center and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences China National Botanical Garden University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Chloroplasts, refined through more than a billion years of evolution in plants and algae, act as highly efficient and resilient converters of solar energy. Additionally, these organelles function as complex anabolic factories, synthesizing a wide array of primary and secondary *** functionality of chloroplasts is dependent on the involvement of more than 3,000 proteins, the majority of which are encoded by the nuclear genome. These nucleus-encoded proteins must cross the chloroplast double lipid membrane to become functional. This translocation process is facilitated by the translocons at the outer and inner envelope membranes of chloroplasts(the outer chloroplast [TOC] and the inner chloroplast[TIC] complexes, respectively) and is driven by an energy-providing motor. Despite decades of research, the composition of these complexes remains highly controversial, especially regarding the TIC and motor components. However, recent studies have provided valuable insight into the TOC/TIC complexes, while also raising new questions about their mechanisms. In this review,we explore the latest advancements in understanding the structure and function of these complexes. Additionally, we briefly examine the processes of protein quality control, retrograde signaling, and discuss promising directions for future research in this field.

关键词： chloroplast chloroplast protein translocation motor complex regulation of chloroplast protein import TIC–TOC complex

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TaDL interacts with TaB3 and TaNF-YB1 to synergistically regulate the starch synthesis and grain quality in bread wheat

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2025年第2期67卷 355-374页

作者： Guoyu Liu Runqi Zhang Ziyan Wu Jiazheng Yu Hongyao Lou Jun Zhu Jie Liu Jinying Gou Zhongfu Ni Qixin Sun Rongqi Liang Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding(MOE) Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization(MOE)and Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementCollege of Agronomy and BiotechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Starch biosynthesis is a critical factor in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)quality and ***,the full scope of its regulation is not fully *** we report that Ta DL interacts with TaB3 and TaNF-YB1 to synergistically regulate starch biosynthesis and quality in ***-edited tadl mutant lines had smaller and lighter grains with lower total starch and amylose contents compared to wild type(WT).Correspondingly,the transcript levels of starch biosynthesis-related genes,including TaSUS1,TaSUS2,TaAGPL2,TaSBEIIa,TaGBSSII,and TaSWEET2a,were markedly lower at 15d after flowering(DAF)in tadl *** DL physically interacted with TaB3 and TaNFYB1 and activated the transcription of TaSUS2 and TaAGPL2 through direct binding to their promoter regions.A null mutant of TaB3 also affected grain filling,with phenotypes similar to those of tadl mutants,whereas overexpression of TaNF-YB1 promoted grain *** study demonstrated that TaDL plays an essential role in starch biosynthesis and identified an elite allele(TaDL-BI)associated with starch content,providing insights into the underlying molecular mechanism of wheat grain filling,which may be useful in breeding of high-yielding wheat and quality improvement.

关键词： grain quality starch biosynthesis TaB3 TaDL TaNF-YB1 transcription factor wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

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Integrated multi-omics reveals contrasting epigenetic patterns in leaf and root morphogenesis in Aegilops speltoides

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The Crop Journal 2025年第1期13卷 292-298页

作者： Lingfeng Miao Zhe Chen Lifeng Gao Jizeng Jia Weilong Guo Guangyao Zhao Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding the National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic ImprovementInstitute of Crop SciencesChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and UtilizationBeijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic ImprovementChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Aegilops speltoides,the closest ancestor of the wheat B subgenome,has been well studied ***,the epigenetic landscape of *** and the effects of epigenetics on its growth and development remain poorly ***,we present a comprehensive multi-omics atlas of leaves and roots in ***,encompassing transcriptome,DNA methylation,histone modifications,and small RNA *** DNA methylation levels were detected between leaves and roots,and were associated with differences in accumulated 24-nt *** methylation changes in promoters and gene bodies showed strong connections with altered expression between leaves and *** regulatory networks(TRN)reconstructed between leaves and roots were driven by tissue-specific TF *** methylation and histone modification act together as switches that shape root and leaf morphogenesis by modulating the binding of tissue-specific TFs to their target *** TRNs in leaves and roots reshaped during wheat polyploidization were associated with alterations in epigenetic ***,these results not only shed light on the critical contribution of epigenetic regulation in the morphogenesis of leaves and roots in *** but also provide new insights for future investigations into the complex interplay of genetic and epigenetic factors in the developmental biology of common wheat.

关键词： Aegilops speltoides DNA methylation Histone modification Transcriptional regulatory network

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The OsSAPK10-OsPAL1 module contributes to rice blast resistance

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The Crop Journal 2025年第2期13卷 385-394页

作者： Zhijuan Diao Houli Zhou Xun Wang Bangsheng Wang Ling Lu Na Xia Fanyu Kong Kexin Ji Sirui Xie Shengping Li Dingzhong Tang State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for GeneticsBreeding and Multiple Utilization of CropsPlant Immunity CenterCollege of Life ScienceFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina

The SnRK2 gene family plays important roles in ABA mediated abiotic stress ***,the roles and functional mechanism of the SnRK2 gene family in plant immunity are largely *** this study,we report that OsSAPK10,a SnRK2 gene family protein in rice,positively regulates rice blast *** ossapk10 mutation reduced rice blast resistance and overexpression of OsSAPK10 increased ***,OsSAPK10 phosphorylates OsPAL1,a positive regulator of rice blast resistance,at Ser82 to stabilize *** out OsPAL1 also reduced rice blast *** together,our findings revealed that OsSAPK10 positively regulates rice immunity via phosphorylating and stabilizing OsPAL1,providing new insight into the functional mechanism of the SnRK2 gene family in biotic stress responses.

关键词： OsSAPK10 OsPAL1 Rice blast resistance Phosphorylation SnRK2

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TaGPAT6 enhances salt tolerance in wheat by synthesizing cutin and suberin monomers to form a diffusion barrier

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2025年第2期67卷 208-225页

作者： Wenlong Wang Menghan Chi Shupeng Liu Ying Zhang Jiawang Song Guangmin Xia Shuwei Liu Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology Ministry of EducationShandong Key Laboratory of Precision Molecular Crop Design and BreedingSchool of Life ScienceShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land Dongying 257345China State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology Shandong UniversityQingdao 266237China

One mechanism plants use to tolerate high salinity is the deposition of cutin and suberin to form apoplastic barriers that limit the influx of ***,the mechanism underlying barrier formation under salt stress is ***,we characterized the glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase(GPAT)family gene TaGPAT6,encoding a protein involved in cutin and suberin biosynthesis for apoplastic barrier formation in wheat(Triticum aestivum).TaGPAT6 has both acyltransferase and phosphatase activities,which are responsible for the synthesis of sn-2-monoacylglycerol(sn-2 MAG),the precursor of cutin and *** TaGPAT6 promoted the deposition of cutin and suberin in the seed coat and the outside layers of root tip cells and enhanced salt tolerance by reducing sodium ion accumulation within *** contrast,TaGPAT6 knockout mutants showed increased sensitivity to salt stress due to reduced cutin and suberin deposition and enhanced sodium ion ***-one-hybrid and electrophoretic mobility shift assays identified TaABI5 as the upstream regulator of ***5 knockout mutants showed suppressed expression of TaGPAT6 and decreased barrier formation in the seed *** results indicate that TaGPAT6 is involved in cutin and suberin biosynthesis and the resulting formation of an apoplastic barrier that enhances salt tolerance in wheat.

关键词： cutin and suberin glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase(GPAT) salt tolerance wheat

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Boosting microalgae-based carbon sequestration with the artificial CO₂ concentration system

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Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 2025年 1-19页

作者： Hou, Yuyong Wang, Wenqiao Liu, Zhiyong Yu, Longjiang Zhao, Lei State Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-carbon Manufacturing Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Sciences Tianjin China State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology Tianjin China

Global warming caused by CO2 emissions has been considered as one of the major challenges of this century. In an endeavor to control and reduce CO2 emissions, a series of Carbon dioxide Capture, utilization, and Stora... 详细信息

Global warming caused by CO₂ emissions has been considered as one of the major challenges of this century. In an endeavor to control and reduce CO₂ emissions, a series of Carbon dioxide Capture, utilization, and Storage (CCUS) technologies have been developed specifically for the sequestration of CO₂ from atmospheric air. Microalgae, as versatile and universal photosynthetic microorganisms, represent a promising avenue for biological CO₂ sequestration. Nevertheless, further advancements are necessary to optimize microalgae-based carbon sequestration technology in terms of light reaction and dark reaction. This review discusses the current status of microalgae-based artificial CO₂ sequestration technique, with a particular focus on the selection of CO₂-resistant species, optimization of cultivation for CO₂ sequestration, design of carbon concentration reactor, and the potential of synthetic biology to enhance CO₂ solubility and biofixation efficiency. Furthermore, a discussion of Life cycle assessment and Techno-economic analysis regarding microalgae-based carbon capture was performed. The aim of this comprehensive review is to stimulate further research into microalgae-based CO₂ sequestration, addressing challenges and opportunities for future development. © 2025 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： artificial CO2 concentration bicarbonate carbon dioxide carbon sequestration Climate action hybrid system life cycle assessment microalgae synthetic biology

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Mitigating enteric methane emissions: An overview of methanogenesis, inhibitors and future prospects

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Animal Nutrition 2025年 21卷 84-96页

作者： Xie, Xin Cao, Yurong Li, Qiushuang Li, Qi Yang, Xingze Wang, Rong Zhang, Xiumin Tan, Zhiliang Lin, Bo Wang, Min College of Animal Science and Technology Guangxi University Nanning 530004 China Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical Agriculture State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-by-Design and Utilization Chinese Academy of Sciences Changsha 410125 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Limited-liability Company Hohhot 011500 China

Enteric methane emissions account for approximately 17% of global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and represent 2% to 12% of energy losses from energy intake in ruminants. To reduce these emissions and accelerate the achievement of carbon neutrality, it is critical to understand the factors driving methanogenesis in the rumen and develop effective methane mitigation strategies. Methanogenesis inhibitors, when used in conjunction with nutritional and breeding management strategies, are widely regarded as effective additives for optimizing rumen function, enhancing nutrient utilization and reducing enteric methane emissions. The field of inhibitor development is evolving rapidly under increasing mitigation pressure, necessitating continual review to guide the understanding of their mechanisms of action, effectiveness, risk and potential for widespread use in ruminant production systems. This review compiles data from 78 peer-reviewed in vivo studies conducted over the past 5 years, focusing on 10 inhibitors, which demonstrates 5% to 75% in daily methane emission reduction, 2% to 70% in methane yield reduction, and 11% to 74% in methane intensity reduction. Among the inhibitors, macroalgae are the most effective, achieving 22% to 75% of methane reductions, followed by small targeted molecule inhibitors 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) with 13% to 62% of methane reductions. Additionally, this review discusses the mechanisms underlying these mitigation strategies, their impact on animal productivity performance, the barriers to their widespread adoption, and directions for future research. Special attention is given to the effects of these inhibitors on rumen hydrogen partial pressure and other metabolic pathways, as improper use may adversely affect nutrient utilization, overall metabolism and animal performance. Future mitigation efforts should focus on the developing next-generation inhibitors that precisely target methanogenic archaea and the methanogenesis pathway.

关键词： Greenhouse gas emission Hydrogen metabolism Methane mitigation Rumen microbiome

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Dietary selection of distinct gastrointestinal microorganisms drives fiber utilization dynamics in goats

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Microbiome 2025年第1期13卷 1-16页

作者： Zhang, Xiaoli Zhong, Rongzhen Wu, Jian Tan, Zhiliang Jiao, Jinzhen State Key Laboratory of Forage Breeding-By-Design and Utilization Institute of Subtropical Agriculture Chinese Academy of Sciences Hunan Changsha 410125 China College of Animal Science and Technology Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China Jilin Province Feed Processing and Ruminant Precision Breeding Cross Regional Cooperation Technology Innovation Center Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130102 China Yuelushan Laboratory Hunan Changsha 410128 China

Background: Dietary fiber is crucial to animal productivity and health, and its dynamic utilization process is shaped by the gastrointestinal microorganisms in ruminants. However, we lack a holistic understanding of the metabolic interactions and mediators of intestinal microbes under different fiber component interventions compared with that of their rumen counterparts. Here, we applied nutritional, amplicon, metagenomic, and metabolomic approaches to compare characteristic microbiome and metabolic strategies using goat models with fast-fermentation fiber (FF) and slow-fermentation fiber (SF) dietary interventions from a whole gastrointestinal perspective. Results: The SF diet selected fibrolytic bacteria Fibrobacter and Ruminococcus spp. and enriched for genes encoding for xylosidase, endoglucanase, and galactosidase in the rumen and cecum to enhance cellulose and hemicellulose utilization, which might be mediated by the enhanced microbial ATP production and cobalamin biosynthesis potentials in the rumen. The FF diet favors pectin-degrading bacteria Prevotella spp. and enriched for genes encoding for pectases (PL1, GH28, and CE8) to improve animal growth. Subsequent SCFA patterns and metabolic pathways unveiled the favor of acetate production in the rumen and butyrate production in the cecum for SF goats. Metagenomic binning verified this distinct selection of gastrointestinal microorganisms and metabolic pathways of different fiber types (fiber content and polysaccharide chemistry). Conclusions: These findings provide novel insights into the key metabolic pathways and distinctive mechanisms through which dietary fiber types benefit the host animals from the whole gastrointestinal perspective. ^{1P2tFt8L2oWLTooVpsN9XfVideo Abstract} © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Cobalamin biosynthesis Fiber types Fiber utilization process Gastrointestinal microorganisms Short-chain fatty acids

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Post-translational cleavage generates truncated IgY forms in the snake Elaphe taeniura

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Zoological Research 2025年第2期46卷 277-284页

作者： Ming Zhang Long Hua Tang-Yuan Xie Tao Wang Li-Juan Du Di Yu Han-Wei Cao Jin-Cheng Zhong Geng-Sheng Cao Xiang Ding Hai-Tang Han Yao-Feng Zhao Tian Huang Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization Sichuan Province and Ministry of EducationSouthwest Minzu UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Henan Province Livestock Gene Editing Biotechnology Breeding Engineering Center School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifengHenan 475000China State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding College of Biological SciencesNational Engineering Laboratory for Animal BreedingFrontiers Science Center for Molecular Design BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Laboratory of Proteomics Institute of BiophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

While variable regions of immunoglobulins are extensively diversified by V(D)J recombination and somatic hypermutation in vertebrates,the constant regions of immunoglobulin heavy chains also utilize certain mechanisms to produce diversity,including class switch recombination(CSR),subclass differentiation,and alternative expression of the same *** species of birds,reptiles,and amphibians express a truncated isoform of immunoglobulin Y(IgY),termed IgY(ΔFc),which lacks theυCH3 andυCH4 *** Anseriformes,IgY(ΔFc)arises from alternative transcriptional termination sites within the sameυgene,whereas in some turtles,intact IgY and IgY(ΔFc)are encoded by distinct *** from the previously reported IgY(ΔFc)variants,this study identified a truncated IgY in the snake Elaphe taeniura,characterized by the loss of only a portion of the CH4 *** blotting and liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry confirmed that this truncated IgY is generated by post-translational cleavage at N338 within the IgY heavy chain constant(CH)***,both human and snake asparaginyl endopeptidase were shown to cleave snake IgY in *** findings reveal a novel mechanism for the production of shortened IgY forms,demonstrating that the immunoglobulin CH region undergoes diversification through distinct strategies across vertebrates.

关键词： Truncated IgY Post-translational cleavage Asparaginyl endopeptidase

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