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Study on Seepage Control Schemes and Their Effects in Typical Embankment Sections of the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

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ce/papers 2025年第2期8卷 1941-1949页

作者： Chen, Jiaxin Pei, Yi Cui, Haodong Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan430010 China

Piping is one of the most common emergencies in the Yangtze River embankment defense system and poses a significant threat to the safety of the embankment. Based on historical data and field investigations, this study takes the piping in the Changsun Embankment section of the Huangzhou section of the Yangtze River as an example. Utilizing a three-dimensional seepage finite element model for calculation, this study compares and analyzes the impact of the failure and normal functioning of relief wells on the seepage field, conducting an effectiveness study of relief well measures. At the same time, under the condition of no anti-seepage system, a comparative analysis of the vertical permeability gradient under different relief well spacing and well mouth elevation is carried out, leading to the following conclusions: (1) The drainage and decompression effect of the relief well is greatly influenced by the spacing between relief wells;as the spacing increases, the decompression effect gradually decreases;(2) The lower the well mouth elevation of the relief well, the better the effect. An optimal layout plan for relief wells is proposed according to the characteristics of the emergency, which can provide a reference for the layout of relief wells in similar geological strata with piping emergencies. © 2025 Ernst & Sohn GmbH.

关键词： Seepage

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A model LayerDFN for characterizing the inherent anisotropic rocks with large-scale and dense joints

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Journal of Rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering 2025年第3期17卷 1569-1584页

作者： Gang Han Shuling Huang Chuanqing Zhang Xiuli Ding Yuting Zhang Yang Gao Jun He Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of the Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research InstituteWuhan430010China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408China

Large-scale and heavily jointed rocks have inherent planes of anisotropy and secondary structural planes,such as dominant joint sets and random fractures,which result in significant differences in their failure mechanism and deformation behavior compared to other rock *** address this issue,inherent anisotropic rocks with large-scale and dense joints are considered to be composed of the rock matrix,inherent planes of anisotropy,and secondary structural *** a new implicit continuum model called LayerDFN is developed based on the crack tensor and damage tensor theories to characterize the mechanical properties of inherent anisotropic ***,the LayerDFN model is implemented in the FLAC3D software,and a series of numerical results for typical example problems is compared with those obtained from the 3DEC,the analytical solutions,similar classical models,laboratory uniaxial compression tests,and field rigid bearing plate *** results demonstrate that the LayerDFN model can effectively capture the anisotropic mechanical properties of inherent anisotropic rocks,and can quantitatively characterize the damaging effect of the secondary structural ***,the numerical method based on the LayerDFN model provides a comprehensive and reliable approach for describing and analyzing the behavior of inherent anisotropic rocks,which will provide valuable insights for engineering design and decision-making processes.

关键词： Inherent anisotropic rocks Secondary structural planes Constitutive model Crack tensor Damage tensor

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Ground Stress Characteristics of Underground Caverns in Yebatan Hydropower Station

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ce/papers 2025年第2期8卷 630-639页

作者： Zhang, Chong He, Jianhua Ding, Xiuli Huang, Shuling Yu, Peiyang Power China Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited Sichuan Chengdu610072 China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of the Ministry of Water Resources Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan430010 China

Ground stress is the primary load acting on the support structures of large underground engineering projects, directly affecting the stability of the cavern's surrounding rock. Therefore, determining the characteristics of ground stress is the main issue to be resolved in the design of underground engineering. To investigate the ground stress characteristics of underground caverns in Yebatan hydropower station, the aperture deforming method is adopted to measure the ground stress. The results show that the magnitude of maximum principal stress (i.e. σ1) is 16.51 - 37.57 MPa. And its orientation ranges from N82°E to N54°W, which is close to the direction of the regional tectonic principal compressive stress. Meanwhile, ground stress field of underground caverns is mainly horizontal tectonic stress. Furthermore, the formation of disk-shaped rock cores can be found in the drilling holes of PD08 exploratory adit, indicating that the underground caverns are located in high ground stress area. Finally, the location of spalling is concentrated in upstream spandrel, providing significant validation for the ground stress characteristics within the underground caverns of Yebatan hydropower station. © 2025 Ernst & Sohn GmbH.

关键词： Caves

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Influence of material characteristics on the failure mode and process of landslide dam

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Journal of Mountain Science 2025年第1期22卷 89-109页

作者： HU Liang ZHONG Qiming CHEN Liang YANG Meng ZHANG Lucheng WU Hao College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Department of Geotechnical Engineering Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention Nanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Reservoir and Dam Safety of the Ministry of Water Resources Nanjing 210029China

Landslide dams,as frequent natural hazards,pose significant risks to human lives,property,and ecological *** grading characteristics and density of dam materials play a crucial role in determining the stability of landslide dams and the potential for dam *** explore the failure mechanisms and evolutionary processes of landslide dams with varying soil properties,this study conducted a series of flume experiments,considering different grain compositions and material *** results demonstrated that grading characteristics significantly influence landslide dam stability,affecting failure patterns,breach processes,and final breach ***-graded materials exhibited a sequence of surface erosion,head-cut erosion,and subsequent surface erosion during the breach process,while well-graded materials typically experienced head-cut erosion followed by surface *** coarse-graded dams,the high permeability of coarse particles allowed the dam to remain stable,as inflows matched *** dam breach model experiments also showed that increasing material density effectively delayed the breach and reduced peak breach flow ***,higher fine particle content led to a reduction in the residual dam height and the base slope of the final breach profile,although the relationship between peak breach discharge and the content of fine and coarse particles was *** better understand breach morphology evolution under different soil characteristics and hydraulic conditions,three key points were identified—erosion point,control point,and scouring *** study,by examining the evolution of failure patterns,breach processes,and breach flow discharges under various grading and density conditions,offers valuable insights into the mechanisms behind landslide dam failures.

关键词： Landslide dams Overtopping Grain size distribution Breaching process Outflow discharge

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Research on Early Warning Indicators of the Foundation Slope of the Hetaoshu Bridge on the Yiba Expressway

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ce/papers 2025年第2期8卷 682-692页

作者： Jia, Wei Liu, Xiaohong Lu, Bo Hubei Provincial Communications Investment West Hubei Expressway Construction Management CO LTD Enshi445000 China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan430010 China

Due to the limitations of terrain and geological conditions, the bridges and tunnels of expressways in western mountainous areas are relatively high, and the number of bridge projects crossing landslide areas or unstable slopes is increasing. The deformation of the slope directly affects the stability and safety of the upper bridge structure. A 3-year deformation monitoring and analysis work has been carried out to address the disease problem of the Hetaoshu Bridge of the Yiba Expressway. A systematic review has been conducted on the warning indicators and their thresholds for sliding slopes that have been reported in various literature. Based on the observation results of deep deformation of the bridge foundation slope over the past three years, considering the integrity, systematicity, and indicative nature of the deformation observation data of the Hetaoshu Bridge foundation slope, it is the preferred warning indicator. Based on deep mining of monitoring data, a classification and early warning index for the stability of the Hetaoshu bridge foundation slope has been proposed. engineering operation practice has shown that the proposed grading warning indicators are appropriate, which can provide an important reference for similar projects. © 2025 Ernst & Sohn GmbH.

关键词： Slope protection

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Effects of freezing–thawing cycles on mechanical properties of slurry-like mud treated by physicochemical combination method

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Bulletin of engineering Geology and the Environment 2025年第6期84卷 1-16页

作者： Gao, Yingchao Zhang, Rongjun Zheng, Junjie Chen, Binbo Xiao, Han School of Civil Engineering Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China

The physicochemical combination method (PCCM) is a new integrated method for treating and reusing large volumes of slurry-like mud (MS). To study the effects of freezing–thawing (FT) cycles on the mechanical properties of MS treated by the PCCM, unconfined compression tests (UCTs) and microstructural tests are both conducted on PCCM-treated MS samples with different combinations of FT cycles, initial water contents (wei), and cementitious binder contents (wc). The experimental results indicate that the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and the elastic modulus (E) of PCCM-treated MS decrease exponentially when the FT cycles increase from 0 to 15. For the PCCM-treated MS samples subjected to 15 FT cycles, the reduction degree of their strength, as well as deformation resistance, is more sensitive to the variation of wc compared to that of wei. Meanwhile, the UCS and E of PCCM-treated MS samples are higher than those of the corresponding MS samples treated by the conventional cement solidification method (CCSM). The superior resistance to FT cycles of PCCM-treated MS is attributed to the presence of APAM, which not only facilitates the aggregation of soil particles but also enhances the dewatering efficiency of MS. Notably, the E/UCS value of CCSM-treated MS is 1.25 times larger than that of PCCM-treated MS, indicating the application of PCCM can significantly enhance the toughness of the treated MS. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Compressive strength

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Discriminating underground cavities by numerical simulation of ground penetrating radar and its application in the exploration of an airport apron

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Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 2025年第1期19卷

作者： Zhou, Liming Zhang, Yang Fu, Daiguang Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of the Ministry of Water Resources Wuhan China

Utility easements beneath roads are rich in electromagnetic signals. Under roads, these electromagnetic interference signals are readily manifest in the radargrams, making it difficult to detect urban underground cavities. Distinguishing interfering signals is important for improving underground cavity detection. In the present research, the joint use of the finite-difference time-domain method and the generalized S-transform method is proposed for the forward numerical simulation and time-frequency feature extraction of the models of underground cavities. The time-frequency resolution and frequency resolution of the generalized S-transform are improved by adjusting the value of parameters to make the generalized S-transform more applicable. The results indicate that the center frequency of the underground cavity area is concentrated within the low-frequency range, and the rest of the frequency components can be evenly distributed. There is no significant high-frequency attenuation of the ground penetrating radar signal in those underground areas without anomalies;however, the frequency from metal objects is distributed more dispersedly. This methodology was applied to study the underground cavity on the apron road of an airport in Henan Province, China. The results prove the reliability of the numerical simulation. Analysis of the power attenuation mechanism underpinning ground penetrating radar signals indicates that the instantaneous power attenuation characteristics of ground penetrating radar signals are different in different underground areas. The results show that the method has higher resolution compared with the conventional method. The use of the proposed method is helpful when assessing the shape and filling material of the cavity, extracting time-frequency attributes, and analyzing the instantaneous power attenuation characteristics of ground penetrating radar, and false alarms caused by electromagnetic interference arising from buried metal objects ben

关键词： Light interference

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Study on micromechanical behavior and energy evolution of granular material generated by latent diffusion model under rotation of principal stresses

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Particuology 2025年第1期96卷 71-83页

作者： Jichen Zhong Junxing Zheng Lin Gao Qixin Wu Zhenchang Guan Shuangping Li Dong Wang School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China School of Civil Engineering Wuhan UniversityWuhan430074China College of Civil Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou350116China Changjiang Spatial Information Technology Engineering Co. Ltd.Wuhan430074China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of the Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research InstituteWuhan430010China

In this study, advanced image processing technology is used to analyze the three-dimensional sand composite image, and the topography features of sand particles are successfully extracted and saved as high-quality image files. These image files were then trained using the latent diffusion model (LDM) to generate a large number of sand particles with real morphology, which were then applied to numerical studies. The effects of particle morphology on the macroscopic mechanical behavior and microscopic energy evolution of sand under complex stress paths were studied in detail, combined with the circular and elliptical particles widely used in current tests. The results show that with the increase of the irregularity of the sample shape, the cycle period and radius of the closed circle formed by the partial strain curve gradually decrease, and the center of the circle gradually shifts. In addition, the volume strain and liquefaction strength of sand samples increase with the increase of particle shape irregularity. It is particularly noteworthy that obvious vortex structures exist in the positions near the center where deformation is severe in the samples of circular and elliptical particles. However, such structures are difficult to be directly observed in sample with irregular particles. This phenomenon reveals the influence of particle morphology on the complexity of the mechanical behavior of sand, providing us with new insights into the understanding of the response mechanism of sand soil under complex stress conditions.

关键词： Pattern recognition Latent diffusion model(LDM) DEM Principal stress rotation(PSR) Mechanical response

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Research on a closed-form solution for safe burial depth range (SDB-RS) of hard rock compressed air energy storage chambers based on no plastic zone criterion

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Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-resources 2025年第1期11卷 1-19页

作者： Zhao, Cheng Sun, Zeyuan Luo, Qinyuan Qian, Yuan Niu, Jialun Wei, Chao Xing, Jinquan Department of Geotechnical Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Hubei Wuhan430010 China

Determining the safe burial depth is crucial for ensuring the long-term stability of compressed air energy storage chambers throughout their operational cycle. This study proposes a safe burial depth solution based on elastic and elastoplastic theories, with the safety criterion being the prevention of plastic zone formation in the surrounding rock. An approximate method is used to calculate the boundary of the plastic zone, and a closed-form safe burial depth range solution is determined by ensuring that the plastic zone remains contained within the chamber boundary. The study demonstrates that both overly shallow and overly deep burial depths can result in the formation of plastic zones, whereas no plastic zone occurs in the surrounding rock when the burial depth is within the range solution. The validation through comparison with previous physical model experiments and numerical simulation methods proves the effectiveness of the solution. The study further reveals that the range of safe burial depths is wider and more suitable for air storage when the lateral pressure coefficient is closer to 1 and the shear strength of the surrounding rock is higher. The solution is applicable to surrounding rocks of Class II and above, and can be quickly solved using the maximum air pressure determined by engineering requirements and the geomechanical parameters of the rock mass obtained from geotechnical investigations. The solution provides high computational efficiency and accuracy and offers significant engineering value for site selection and the design of burial depth in CAES chambers. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Burial depth CAES chambers Closed-form solution Elastic–plastic theory Numerical simulation SBD-RS

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A Quantitative Method for Predicting the Fragmentation Range in Rock Blasting Based on the Dynamic Coupling Effect of in Situ Stress and Explosive Load

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International Journal of Geomechanics 2025年第7期25卷

作者： Zhu, Jin Yan, Peng Liu, Xiao Zhang, Xiangyu Lu, Wenbo Chen, Ming Wang, Gaohui Huang, Shuling State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan Univ. Wuhan430072 China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Wuhan430010 China

The rock blasting crush zone and fracture zone develop in the direction of major principal stress under the influence of in situ stress. However, there is still a lack of an accurate calculation method for predicting the dynamic influence of in situ stress on the range of these two zones. This paper examined the failure process of the crush zone and fracture zone under dynamic load through the dynamic stress paths of a rock mass. A novel quantitative method for the size of these two zones based on the dynamic coupling effect of in situ stress and explosive load was proposed. Its effectiveness was verified by single-hole blast cracking experiments. The results showed that the method can quantitatively describe the blast damage zone under coupled loading. The accurate determination of the attenuation coefficient (α) of the blast wave in the rock mass is the key to realizing the quantification. In this paper, the inverse proportional function relationship between α and proportional distance (r/a) can be well used to describe this relationship. As the in situ stress increases, the area of the crush zone and the fracture zone produced by the explosion gradually reduces. As the unit in situ stress increases, the degree of reduction in these two zones also reduces. However, due to the difference between r/a and α, this rule is more obvious in the fracture zone. According to the calculation, the radius limit of the fracture zone is lowered by around 50% and the normal stress increases to approximately one times the dynamic tensile strength when the rock mass with a tensile strength of 10.8 MPa is blasted by an emulsion explosive. As the explosion damage range in the low-in situ stress ( © 2025 American Society of Civil Engineers.

关键词： Cracks

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