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Stability analysis of determined blocks in the underground powerhouse of guandi hydropower station

Stability analysis of determined blocks in the underground p...

10th International Conference on Advances in Discontinuous Numerical Methods and Applications in Geomechanics and Geoengineering (ICADD)

作者： Lu, B. Ding, X. L. Dong, Z. H. Wu, A. Q. Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of the Ministry of Water Resources China

ISBN: (纸本)9780203114421;9780415684040

Guandi Hydropower project is located on the downstream of Yalong River. In the underground caverns area, no regional fault or large-scale weakness zone has been found. The rock masses are fresh and belong mainly to Class II of the Chinese rock mass classification system. However, joints and shear zones are relatively well developed. Then the stability of rock block became a major concern. Stability analysis of determined blocks has been conducted using Block theory. It can be seen that the combination of shear zones with gentle dip angles and big joints with steep angles formed the most common adverse combinations which define removable rock blocks. Considering current supported forces, the removable blocks identified are stable and there is still a certain safety margin.

关键词： Rocks

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Comparison of vibrations induced by excavation of deep-buried cavern and open pit with method of bench blasting

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Journal of Central South University 2011年第5期18卷 1709-1718页

作者：卢文波李鹏陈明周创兵舒大强 State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Wuhan University Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering Ministry of EducationWuhan University

The measured data of vibrations induced by excavation of deep-buried cavern and open pit with method of bench blasting were analyzed by Fourier Transform and Wavelet Transform,and the characteristics of vibrations induced under these two circumstances were *** is concluded that with the similar rock condition and drilling-blasting parameters,vibration induced by bench blasting in deep-buried cavern has a higher main frequency and more scattered energy distribution than that in open *** vibration induced by bench blasting in open pit is mainly originated from the blast load,while the vibration induced by bench blasting in deep-buried cavern is the superposition of vibrations induced by blast load and transient release of in-situ *** vibration induced by transient release of in-situ stress increases with the stress level.

关键词： deep-buried cavem open pit blasting vibration power spectra time-energy density in-situ stress

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Investigation of anisotropic strength criteria for layered rock mass

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Journal of Rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering 2024年第4期16卷 1289-1304页

作者： Shuling Huang Jinxin Zhang Xiuli Ding Chuanqing Zhang Gang Han Guoqi Yu Lulu Qu Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of the Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research InstituteWuhan430071China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Layered rock mass is a type of engineering rock mass with sound mechanical anisotropy,which is generally unfavorable to the stability of underground *** investigate the strength anisotropy of layered rock,the Mohr-Coulomb and Hoek-Brown criteria are introduced to establish the two transverse isotropic strength criteria based on Jaeger's single weak plane theory and maximum axial strain theory,and parameter determination ***,the sensitivity of strength parameters(K 1,K 2,and K 3)that are used to characterize the anisotropy strength of non-sliding failure involved in the strength criteria and confining pressure are *** results demonstrate that strength parameters K 1 and K 2 affect the strength of layered rock samples at all bedding angles except for the bedding angle of 90°and the angle range that can cause the shear sliding failure along the bedding *** strength of samples at any bedding angle decreases with increasing K 1,whereas the opposite is for K *** for bedding angles of 0°and 90°and the bedding angle range that can cause the shear sliding along the bedding plane,K 3 has an impact on the strength of rock samples with other bedding angles that the specimens'strength increases with increase of K *** addition,the strength of the rock sample increases as confining pressure ***,the uniaxial and triaxial tests of chlorite schist samples were carried out to verify and evaluate the strength criteria proposed in the *** shows that the predicted strength is in good agreement with the experimental *** test the applicability of the strength criterion,the strength data of several types of rock in the literature are ***,a comparison is made between the fitting effects of the two strength criteria and other available criteria for layered rocks.

关键词： Layered rock Strength anisotropy Strength criterion Experimental verification

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Energy dissipation and dilation processes of rock mass under incremental cyclic loading and unloading

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Scientific Reports 2025年第1期15卷 1-15页

作者： Wang, Bin Zhu, Jiebing Jin, Zhihao Xu, Dongdong Zhu, Yujie Guo, Zijin Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Hubei Wuhan 430010 China Ministry of Water Resources The Three Gorges Reservoir Area Unstable Rock Geological Disasters Observation and Research Station Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Hubei Wuhan 430010 China

The deterioration of the mechanical properties of rock mass in underground engineering due to energy dissipation and microfracture accumulation under cyclic loading and unloading (CLU) has become a hot research topic in recent years. In order to elucidate the relationship between energy dissipation and the dilation processes, an incremental CLU mode is proposed and employed in triaxial tests in this paper. First, the methods and the procedures of the test were proposed to enhance the success rate, and the triaxial tests under incremental CLU were performed at confining pressures ranging from 0 MPa to 50 MPa. Second, the damage variables were defined and calculated from the perspective of energy dissipation, and the relationships between the damage variables and the energy parameters, as well as principal strains (plastic strain and plastic shear strain) were analyzed in detail. Third, a two-parameter shear dilation angle model was established under different confining pressures. The results show that the failure mode is tensile failure in conventional uniaxial compression, and is X-type shear failure in the uniaxial test with incremental CLU, and is shear dilatation failure mode in the triaxial test with incremental CLU, due to volume dilatation and damage accumulation after significant energy dissipation. The energy dissipation rates for single loading and unloading showed a “U” shaped trend as the number of the CLU increased. The reason for this observation is that the energy dissipation rate is greater due to the particle compaction in the initial compaction stage and structural damage of rock material in failure stage. The dilation angle first experiences a nonlinear rapid increase to a certain peak value and then gradually decays, as the rock shear dilation and failure occur gradually with the accumulation and development of cracks. © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Damage variable Dilation angle Energy dissipation Incremental Cyclic loading and unloading Principal strain Rock mechanics Triaxial test

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Parametric modeling on spatial effect of excavation-damaged zone of underground cavern

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Journal of Central South University 2013年第4期20卷 1085-1093页

作者：刘会波肖明陈俊涛 State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science (Wuhan University) Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of Ministry of Education (Wuhan University)

Regarding excavation-damaged zone （EDZ） around underground opening as non-homogeneous rockmass with spatial deterioration effect on stuffiness and strength, a parametric model of EDZ using radius-displacement-dependent deformation modulus （RDDM） was proposed. Considering the nonlinearity characteristic of deformation and locality otherness of surrounding rock, deterioration parameter field of deformation modulus of rockmass around opening was quantitatively calculated through a given function. Applicability for multi-cavern condition and parameter sensibility of the model was analyzed by numerical experiments using synthetic data. Furthermore, the model was applied to identify EDZ of underground caverns of Pubugou hydropower station by calculating deterioration parameter field. Based on the parametric analysis of spatial effect and geological investigation, it is recognized that large radial deformation of deep fractured rock at the spandrel position and insufficient supporting bolts mainly result in great deformation pressure to act on the shotcrete and cause partial crack and spalling. It is shown that deterioration parameter field along the longitudinal axis of main powerhouse is evidently non-homogeneous in space and distributes exponentially along the radius from the opening. The model provides a simple and convenient way to identify the EDZ in the working state for rapid construction feedback analysis and support optimization of underground cavem from quantitative point of view and also aids in interpreting monitoring displacements and estimating support requirements.

关键词： underground cavern excavation-damaged zone spatial effect parametric modeling deformation modulus

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Scaling of capillary pressure-saturation curve in porous media under various wetting conditions

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Journal of Rock mechanics and geotechnical engineering 2025年

作者： Tian Lan Ran Hu Xi-Ning Su Zhibing Yang Yi-Feng Chen State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering of the Ministry of Education Wuhan University Wuhan 430072 China

The capillary pressure curve provides fundamental insights into the dynamics of fluid-fluid displacement and phase distributions. Capillary scaling is crucial for extrapolating capillary pressure-saturation data from laboratory tests to field applications. However, the classic scaling method fails to capture the effect of wettability as the pore surface approaches neutral wetting. Here, inspired by the role of pore-filling events in controlling fluid-fluid displacement, we perform a theoretical analysis of the burst events occurring during drainage processes. We find that the median threshold capillary pressure, which corresponds to the occurrence of burst events for the median pore throat, is closely correlated with the capillary pressure curve across various contact angles. Using this concept, we propose a new scaling method for capillary pressure curves under various wetting conditions. We conduct microfluidic experiments and pore-network modeling across different contact angles, porosities, and disorders to evaluate the new scaling methods, indicating that the new scaling method performs better than the Leverett J -function as the contact angle approaches 90°. We further perform geometry analysis on the critical radius of curvature for burst events in an ideal tetrahedral arrangement and extend the new scaling method to 3D (three-dimensional) porous media. Model evaluation shows that the 3D version of the scaling method also performs well but requires fewer parameters compared to the Leverett J -function. Our work enhances the prediction and interpretation of experimental data for capillary pressure curves under various wet conditions, and more importantly, establishes a methodology that relates Darcy-scale flow behavior to pore-scale fluid displacements.

关键词： Capillary pressure curve Capillary scaling Threshold capillary pressure Microfluidic experiments

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Microdynamic mechanical properties and fracture evolution mechanism of monzogabbro with a true triaxial multilevel disturbance method

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2024年第3期34卷 385-411页

作者： Zhi Zheng Bin Deng Hong Liu Wei Wang Shuling Huang Shaojun Li State Key Laboratory of Featured Metal Materials and Life-cycle Safety for Composite Structures Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Structural Safety of Ministry of EducationCollege of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureGuangxi UniversityNanning 530004China State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Institute of Rock and Soil MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430071China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Mechanics and Engineering of Ministry of Water Resources Changjiang River Scientific Research InstituteWuhan 430015China

The far-field microdynamic disturbance caused by the excavation of deep mineral resources and underground engineering can induce surrounding rock damage in high-stress conditions and even lead to ***,the mechanical properties and damage/fracture evolution mechanisms of deep rock induced by microdynamic disturbance under three-dimensional stress states are ***,a true triaxial multilevel disturbance test method is proposed,which can completely simulate natural geostress,excavation stress redistribution(such as stress unloading,concentration and rotation),and subsequently the microdynamic disturbance triggering damaged rock *** on a dynamic true triaxial test platform,true triaxial microdynamic disturbance tests under different frequency and amplitudes were carried out on *** results show that increasing amplitude or decreasing frequency diminishes the failure strength of *** modulus gradually decreases during disturbance *** frequency and amplitude increase,the degradation rate of deformation modulus decreases slightly,disturbance dissipated energy increases significantly,and disturbance deformation anisotropy strengthens obviously.A damage model has been proposed to quantitatively characterize the disturbance-induced damage evolution at different frequency and amplitude under true triaxial *** disturbance failure,the micro-tensile crack mechanism is dominant,and the micro-shear crack mechanism increases significantly at *** the increase of amplitude and frequency,the micro-shear crack mechanism *** approaching disturbance failure,the acoustic emission fractal dimension changes from a stable value to local large oscillation,and finally increases sharply to a high value at ***,the disturbance-induced failure mechanism of surrounding rock in deep engineering is clearly elucidated.

关键词： True triaxial disturbance test Mechanical properties Fracture evolution mechanism Disturbance-induced damage evolution Failure mechanism and precursor

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Elastic-plastic solution and experimental study on critical water pressure inducing hydraulic fracturing in soil

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Journal of Central South University 2015年第11期22卷 4347-4354页

作者：朱俊高吉恩跃温彦锋张辉 Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering Hohai University Geotechnical Institute of Hohai University Department of Geotechnical Engineering China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Shanghai Jianke Engineering Consulting Co. Ltd

It is widely believed that hydraulic fracturing will occur in the clay core of an earth-rockfill dam if the water pressure in the core increases to levels that are high enough to allow a fracture to form. An elastic-plastic solution to critical water pressure inducing hydraulic fracturing(fracture initiation pressure) in soil is derived based on Mohr-Coulomb shear failure criterion and the theory of cavity expansion. In order to verify the applicability of the criteria presented and study the relations among fracture initiation pressure, tensile strength and stress state of soil, laboratory tests are performed on compacted cuboid specimens by true triaxial apparatus. According to the test results, the cracks of hydraulic fracturing existed perpendicular to the minor principal stress plane. The hydraulic fracturing pressure pf increases with the increase of dry density of specimen, pf shows good linear relationship with σ2 and σ3. The prediction from presented equation is compared with test results and other three predictions, of which two are tensile failure(TS) criterion, and the other is Mohr-Coulomb(M-C) criterion. The presented solution is verified, and the other three approaches for pf are evaluated. The comparison indicates that the predicted values from the presented equations agree well with the test values for specimens of low dry density, and the error of the prediction is larger for those of high dry density, especially in lower minor stress states. The predicted average relative error of absolute value Ra from TS1 criterion is 13.3% for all specimens of different dry densities, and each prediction is lower than the test data. On the contrary, most of the predicted values from M-C criterion are greater than the test data, but the average relative error from the presented equation is the minimum. Considering the safety of soil works, an equation from TS1 criterion is suggested to evaluate the occurrence of hydraulic fracturing in earth-rockfill dam designi

关键词： hydraulic fracturing gravelly soil true triaxial t

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Investigation of blasting-induced rock fracturing process under an arcuate free face

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engineering Fracture mechanics 2025年 323卷

作者： Zhou, Chao Yan, Peng Liu, Xiao Lu, Wenbo Wang, Xiangfeng Gao, Qiaoyu Lu, Ang State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management Wuhan University Hubei Wuhan430072 China Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering Ministry of Education Wuhan University Wuhan430072 China

In the process of shaft construction by raise boring combined with drilling and blasting for shaft expansion, the arcuate free face of the pilot shaft has exerted a significant influence on the effectiveness of blasting-induced rock fragmentation. This study combines a combination of experimental tests and numerical simulations to investigate the rock fracturing process induced by blasting under arcuate free face conditions. Initially, single-hole blasting experiments were conducted under were conducted under different curvature conditions of the arcuate free face and blasting burdens. The blasting-induced fracturing process and dynamic response of the rock were monitored and recorded using a high-speed camera and a strain wave acquisition system. Subsequently, PFC2D discrete element simulations were performed to reproduce the crack propagation process, failure morphology, and dynamic strain evolution of rock blasting under arcuate free face conditions. The research results show that as the curvature of the free face increases, the range and intensity of stress wave reflection on the arcuate free face decrease, leading to a gradual reduction in the total number of cracks, the extent of crack development on the free face side, and the overall fracture zone of the rock mass. Under arcuate free face conditions, the total number of cracks, the extent of crack propagation on the free face side, and the fracture zone of the rock mass initially increase and then decrease with increasing burden, reaching a maximum. when the ratio of the burden to the curvature radius of the free face, referred to as the Burden Curvature Coefficient (BCC), is 0.57. Furthermore, a larger burden results in a more distinct separation between the tensile failure zone near the free face and the radial fracture zone. The research findings provide a reference for the optimized design of blasting parameters for pilot shaft enlargement. © 2025

关键词： High speed cameras

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An effective thermal conductivity model for unsaturated compacted bentonites with consideration of bimodal shape of pore size distribution

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2015年第2期58卷 369-380页

作者： CHEN Yi Feng WANG Min ZHOU Song HU Ran ZHOU Chuang Bing State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science Wuhan University Key Laboratory of Rock Mechanics in Hydraulic Structural Engineering (Ministry of Education) Wuhan University School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Nanchang University

An effective thermal conductivity model was proposed for unsaturated compacted bentonites with consideration of the bimodal shape of pore size distribution curves. The pores of soils were grouped into two dominant pore size modes corresponding to the intra- and inter-particle pores, and were simulated with randomly distributed spheroidal inclusions of different aspect ratios. With the assumption of preferential invasion of the wetting fluid （water） into pores of smaller sizes and by virtue of the analyt- ical solution to the inhomogeneous inclusion problem in heat conduction, the model was developed using the Mori-Tanaka （MT）, Ponte Castafieda-Willis （PCW） and self-consistent （SC） homogenization approaches for different considerations of the interactions between pores and the solid phase. The proposed model is functions of the thermal conductivities of the solid, liq- uid and gas phases, porosity, the degree of saturation, the aspect ratios of pores and/or soil particles, and the fraction of the smaller group of pores. The proposed model was validated against five sets of laboratory measurement data on the MX-80, FEBEX, KunigeI-V1 and GMZ01 bentonites, showing a good agreement between the model predictions and the laboratory measurements. The responses of the model with respect to the geometries of pores and solid particles were examined. Com- pared to series-parallel structural models, the proposed model may overall exhibit better performance if proper homogenization schemes are adopted, but as an advantage, the model has clearer physical mechanisms and a smaller number of parameters.

关键词： thermal conductivity homogenization schemes compacted bentonite unsaturated soil pore size distribution three-phase media

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