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Caroli–de Gennes–Matricon Analogs in Full-Shell Hybrid Nanowires

Physical Review Letters 2025年第20期134卷 206302-206302页

作者： M. T. Deng Carlos Payá Pablo San-Jose Elsa Prada C. M. Marcus S. Vaitiekėnas Center for Quantum Devices Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen 2100 Copenhagen Denmark Institute for Quantum Information and State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology NUDT Changsha 410073 China Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM) CSIC 28049 Madrid Spain Materials Science and Engineering and Department of Physics University of Washington Seattle Washington 98195 USA

We report tunneling spectroscopy of Andreev subgap states in hybrid nanowires with a thin superconducting full shell surrounding a semiconducting core. The combination of the quantized fluxoid of the shell and the Andreev reflection at the superconductor-semiconductor interface gives rise to analogs of Caroli–de Gennes–Matricon states found in Abrikosov vortices in type-II superconductors. Unlike in metallic superconductors, Caroli–de Gennes–Matricon analogs in full-shell hybrid nanowires manifest as one-dimensional Van Hove singularities with energy spacings comparable to the superconducting gap and independent of the Fermi energy, making them readily observable. Evolution of these analogs with axial magnetic field, skewed within the Little-Parks lobe structure, is consistent with theory and yields information about the radial distribution and angular momenta of the corresponding subbands.

关键词： Nanowires

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Integrating lattice and gap plasmonic modes to construct dual-mode metasurfaces for enhancing light–matter interaction

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Science China Materials 2021年第12期64卷 3007-3016页

作者： Limin Lin Jiancai Xue Haofei Xu Qian Zhao Wenbo Zhang Yaqin Zheng Lin Wu Zhang-Kai Zhou State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies School of PhysicsSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Institute of High Performance Computing A*STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)1 Fusionopolis WayConnexisSingapore 138632Singapore

Photonic structures with optical resonances beyond a single controllable mode are strongly desired for enhancing light±matter interactions and bringing about advanced photonic devices. However, the realization of effective multimodal photonic structures has been restricted by the limited tunable range of mode manipulation, the spatial dispersions of electric fields or the polarization-dependent excitations. To overcome these limitations, we create a dualmode metasurface by integrating the plasmonic surface lattice resonance and the gap plasmonic modes;this metasurface offers a widely tunable spectral range, good overlap in the spatial distribution of electric fields, and polarization independence of excitation light. To show that such dual-mode metasurfaces are versatile platforms for enhancing light±matter interactions, we experimentally demonstrate a significant enhancement of second-harmonic generation using our design, with a conversion efficiency of 1±3 orders of magnitude larger than those previously obtained in plasmonic systems. These results may inspire new designs for functional multimodal photonic structures.

关键词： dual-mode metasurfaces gap plasmon surface lattice resonance independently dual-mode manipulation enhancement of light–matter interaction

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On Krylov subspace methods for skew-symmetric and shifted skew-symmetric linear systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Du, Kui Fan, Jia-Jun Sun, Xiao-Hui Wang, Fang Zhang, Ya-Lan School of Mathematical Sciences Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Mathematical Modeling and High Performance Scientific Computing Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China School of Mathematical Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen361005 China School of Mathematics and Statistics Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen361024 China

Krylov subspace methods for solving linear systems of equations involving skew-symmetric matrices have gained recent attention. Numerical equivalences among Krylov subspace methods for nonsingular skew-symmetric linear systems have been given in Greif et al. [SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl., 37 (2016), pp. 1071–1087]. In this work, we extend the results of Greif et al. to singular skew-symmetric linear systems. In addition, we systematically study three Krylov subspace methods (called S3CG, S3MR, and S3LQ) for solving shifted skew-symmetric linear systems. They all are based on Lanczos triangularization for skew-symmetric matrices, and correspond to CG, MINRES, and SYMMLQ for solving symmetric linear systems, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that studies S3LQ. We give some new theoretical results on S3CG, S3MR, and S3LQ. We also provide the relationship among the three methods and those based on Golub–Kahan bidiagonalization and Saunders–Simon–Yip tridiagonalization. Numerical examples are given to illustrate our theoretical findings. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Numerical methods

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Resilience of Quantum key Distribution Source against Laser-Damage Attack by a Variety of Lasers

Resilience of Quantum Key Distribution Source against Laser-...

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2023 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe and European Quantum Electronics Conference, CLEO/Europe-EQEC 2023

作者： Ruzhitskaya, Daria Zhluktova, Irina Ponosova, Anastasiya Trefilov, Daniil Chaiwongkhot, Poompong Huang, Anqi Kamynin, Vladimir Makarov, Vadim Russian Quantum Center Skolkovo Moscow121205 Russia NTI Center for Quantum Communications National University of Science and Technology MISiS Moscow119049 Russia Prokhorov General Physics Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow119991 Russia MIREA - Russian Technological University Moscow119454 Russia Vigo Quantum Communication Center University of Vigo VigoE-36310 Spain Department of Physics Faculty of Science Mahidol University Bangkok10400 Thailand Institute for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha410073 China Shanghai Branch National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China Shanghai201315 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345995

Quantum key distribution (QKD) systems provide quantum-safe key exchange. Therefore, complete security analysis of implementations of QKD protocols is in the focus of interest of a worldwide information-security community. For today, a number of QKD loopholes are closed by countermeasures, which are also considered in emerging QKD security evaluation and certification [1-3]. However, new threats to practical QKD implementations are still found, such as the laser-damage attack, which is a powerful hacking strategy. In investigations, CW laser radiation is most often used, but in contrast to it, the interaction of pulsed laser radiation with optical materials may lead to a wide range of effects, like nonlinear effects, dielectric breakdown, etc. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Continuous wave lasers

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Variational Entanglement-Assisted Quantum Process Tomography with Arbitrary Ancillary Qubits

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Physical Review Letters 2022年第13期129卷 133601-133601页

作者： Shichuan Xue Yizhi Wang Junwei Zhan Yaxuan Wang Ru Zeng Jiangfang Ding Weixu Shi Yong Liu Yingwen Liu Anqi Huang Guangyao Huang Chunlin Yu Dongyang Wang Xiang Fu Xiaogang Qiang Ping Xu Mingtang Deng Xuejun Yang Junjie Wu Institute for Quantum Information & State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology Changsha 410073 China China Greatwall Research Institute China Greatwall Technology Group CO. LTD. Shenzhen 518057 China National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology AMS Beijing 100071 China

Quantum process tomography is a pivotal technique in fully characterizing quantum dynamics. However, exponential scaling of the Hilbert space with the increasing system size extremely restrains its experimental implementations. Here, we put forward a more efficient, flexible, and error-mitigated method: variational entanglement-assisted quantum process tomography with arbitrary ancillary qubits. Numerically, we simulate up to eight-qubit quantum processes and show that this tomography with m ancillary qubits (0≤m≤n) alleviates the exponential costs on state preparation (from 4n to 2n−m), measurement settings (at least a 1 order of magnitude reduction), and data postprocessing (efficient and robust parameter optimization). Experimentally, we first demonstrate our method on a silicon photonic chip by rebuilding randomly generated one-qubit and two-qubit unitary quantum processes. Further using the error mitigation method, two-qubit quantum processes can be rebuilt with average gate fidelity enhanced from 92.38% to 95.56%. Our Letter provides an efficient and practical approach to process tomography on the noisy quantum computing platforms.

关键词： Integrated optics Quantum entanglement Quantum tomography Tomography Variational approach

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Synergizing Symbolic Execution and Fuzzing By Function-level Selective Symbolization

Synergizing Symbolic Execution and Fuzzing By Function-level...

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Asia-Pacific Conference on Software Engineering

作者： Guofeng Zhang Zhenbang Chen Ziqi Shuai Yufeng Zhang Ji Wang College of Computer National University of Defense Technology ChangSha China State Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing National University of Defense Technology Changsha China College of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering Hunan University Changsha China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665455381

Constraint solving and environment modeling are two challenging problems for symbolic execution. When a program contains non-linear expressions, it is difficult for symbolic execution to explore the program’s whole path space due to the high complexity of the constraint solving for the nonlinear constraints. Besides, when the program uses a third-party library and the source code of the library is not available, the symbolic execution of the program often under-approximates the analysis by concrete execution or over-approximates by introducing new symbolic variables, which may fail to explore the whole path space or introduce false alarms, respectively. This paper proposes FUSE, a framework of synergizing symbolic execution and fuzzing by function-level selective symbolization to tackle these problems. First, FUSE collects the path constraints of each function selectively and introduces symbolic function invocation expressions for the complex or third-party functions. Then, FUSE combines SMT solving and fuzzing to solve the path constraints. We have implemented FUSE on the start-of-theart symbolic execution engine KLEE. The experimental results demonstrate that FUSE effectively and efficiently improves the code coverage. Compared with the state-of-the-art, FUSE achieves 6. 6x speedups for achieving the same code coverage.

关键词： Codes Fuses Source coding Semantics Fuzzing Benchmark testing Libraries

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PARTIAL REGULARITY FOR STATIONARY NAVIER-STOKES SYSTEMS BY THE METHOD OF A-HARMONIC APPROXIMATION

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2020年第3期40卷 835-854页

作者： Yichen DAI Zhong TAN School of Mathematical Sciences Xiamen UniversityFujian 361005China School of Mathematical Science and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory on Mathematical Modeling and High Performance Scientific Computing Xiamen UniversityFujian 361005China

In this article,we prove a regularity result for weak solutions away from singular set of stationary Navier-Stokes systems with subquadratic growth under controllable growth *** proof is based on the A-harmonic approximation *** this article,we extend the result of Shuhong Chen and Zhong Tan[7]and Giaquinta and Modica[18]to the stationary Navier-Stokes system with subquadratic growth.

关键词： Stationary Navier-Stokes systems controllable growth condition partial regularity A-harmonic approximation

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An Automata-Theoretic Approach to Synthesizing Binarized Neural Networks

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tao, Ye Liu, Wanwei Song, Fu Liang, Zhen Wang, Ji Zhu, Hongxu College of Computer Science and Technology National University of Defense Technology China School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech University China Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Automotive Software Innovation Center China Institute for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory for High Performance Computing National University of Defense Technology China

Deep neural networks, (DNNs, a.k.a. NNs), have been widely used in various tasks and have been proven to be successful. However, the accompanied expensive computing and storage costs make the deployments in resource-constrained devices a significant concern. To solve this issue, quantization has emerged as an effective way to reduce the costs of DNNs with little accuracy degradation by quantizing floating-point numbers to low-width fixed-point representations. Quantized neural networks (QNNs) have been developed, with binarized neural networks (BNNs) restricted to binary values as a special case. Another concern about neural networks is their vulnerability and lack of interpretability. Despite the active research on trustworthy of DNNs, few approaches have been proposed to QNNs. To this end, this paper presents an automata-theoretic approach to synthesizing BNNs that meet designated properties. More specifically, we define a temporal logic, called BLTL, as the specification language. We show that each BLTL formula can be transformed into an automaton on finite words. To deal with the state-explosion problem, we provide a tableau-based approach in real implementation. For the synthesis procedure, we utilize SMT solvers to detect the existence of a model (i.e., a BNN) in the construction process. Notably, synthesis provides a way to determine the hyper-parameters of the network before training. Moreover, we experimentally evaluate our approach and demonstrate its effectiveness in improving the individual fairness and local robustness of BNNs while maintaining accuracy to a great extent. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep neural networks

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RIESZ TYPE THEOREMS FOR κ-PLURIHARMONIC MAPPINGS, INVARIANT HARMONIC QUASIREGULAR MAPPINGS AND HARMONIC QUASIREGULAR MAPPINGS

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Chen, Shaolin Huang, Manzi College of Mathematics and Statistics Hengyang Normal University Hunan Hengyang421002 China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Application 421002 China Key Laboratory of High Performance Computing and Stochastic Information Processing College of Mathematics and Statistics Hunan Normal University Hunan Changsha410081 China

The main purpose of this paper is to develop some methods to improve and generalize the main results in a recent paper by Liu and Zhu (Adv. Math., 2023, i.e., [19]). The paper consists of two parts. In the first part, we discuss the Riesz type theorem in the setting of n-dimensional complex spaces for all n ≥ 1. In this part, we first introduce the family of κ-pluriharmonic mappings of the n-dimensional complex unit ball. Then we establish two Riesz type theorems for these mappings, which are the n-dimensional versions of Theorems 1.1 and 1.2 in [19], respectively. Furthermore, even when n = 1, our first result shows that the assumption of the real parts of the mappings not being negative (or being negative) in [19, Theorem 1.1] is redundant;and our second result illustrates that the assumption of "quasiconformality" on the mappings in [19, Theorem 1.2] can be replaced by the weaker one of "quasiregularity". In the second part, we investigate the Riesz type theorem in the setting of n-dimensional real spaces for all n ≥ 2. In this part, first, we prove a Riesz type theorem for invariant harmonic quasiregular mappings of the unit n-dimensional real ball. Our result indicates that (i) the range of the parameter p discussed in [19, Theorem 1.3] can be changed from (1, 2) to (1, ∞);(ii) the assumption of the first coordinate functions of the mappings being non-zero in [19, Theorem 1.3] is redundant. In this way, we complete the discussions carried out in [19, Theorems 1.3 and 1.4]. Second, we obtain a Riesz type theorem for harmonic K-quasiregular mappings of the unit n-dimensional real ball. Our result demonstrates that the range of the parameter p discussed in [15, Theorem 2.1] can be changed from (1, 2) to (1, ∞).MSC Codes 30H10, 30C62 Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Harmonic analysis

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Parallel Optimization of Computational Fluid Dynamics Application code_saturne Based on Next Generation Sunway Supercomputer

Parallel Optimization of Computational Fluid Dynamics Applic...

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International Symposium on Parallel Architectures, Algorithms and Programming (PAAP)

作者： Anjun Liu Yin Liao Xihao Xu YanYan Chen Hongjun Zhong Jianming Wu Bo Kong Alexander Raikov Meng Guo Jinan Key Laboratory of High Performance Industrial Software Jinan Institute of Supercomputing Technology Jinan China Jinan Supercomputing-Zhejiang Yuansuan Industrial Simulation System Joint Laboratory Zhejiang Yuansuan Technology Co. Ltd Hangzhou China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education Shandong Computer Science Center (National Supercomputer Center in Jinan ) Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Networks Shandong Fundamental Research Center for Computer Science Jinan China

code_saturne is an open-source general large-scale computational fluid dynamics software independently developed by Electricite de France since 1997. Due to its high computing performance, code_saturne has been widely used in the nuclear industry, heavy fuel and biomass combustion, particle tracking and other computational fluid dynamics fields. In this work, we implemented code_saturne on the new generation Sunway supercomputer (SW26010pro) at the first time. By applying the data value-taking technology of double cache, combined with Sunway shared memory technology, we have adapted the data structure and Modular programming of code_saturne conducively to the new generation Sunway supercomputer (SW26010pro) and accelerated the software hotspots the software hotspots by 1–2 times. After optimizing and porting, this software has successfully served in the numerical simulation of the lateral flow of fuel assemblies in the nuclear industry.

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