This paper investigates leaderless consensus (LLC) and leader-follower consensus (LFC) issues of multiple Euler-Lagrange systems (MELSs) with uncertain system parameters and input disturbances. Firstly, by utilizing e...
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Protein design has become a critical method in advancing significant potential for various applications such as drug development and enzyme engineering. However, protein design methods utilizing large language models ...
Genetic algorithms have been widely used in intelligent test paper generation systems. However, traditional genetic algorithms cannot ensure that the difficulty of test questions is normally distributed, and are prone...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350368284
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350368291
Genetic algorithms have been widely used in intelligent test paper generation systems. However, traditional genetic algorithms cannot ensure that the difficulty of test questions is normally distributed, and are prone to falling into local optimal solutions. To address the above problems, we proposed an intelligent test paper generation algorithm that combines normal distribution and parallel genetic algorithms. In the population initialization stage, we use the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the normal distribution to initialize the population. In the subsequent genetic operations, we designed a directed mutation mechanism and added KL divergence as a penalty number in the design of the fitness function to ensure that the difficulty of the test questions is normally distributed. At the same time, in order to speed up the efficiency of the algorithm and escape from the local optimal solution, an adaptive migration strategy was introduced. Experimental results show that the difficulty of the test questions generated by this algorithm is normally distributed, and the algorithm performance is better than other algorithms.
We show that crowd counting can be viewed as a decomposable point querying process. This formulation enables arbitrary points as input and jointly reasons whether the points are crowd and where they locate. The queryi...
We show that crowd counting can be viewed as a decomposable point querying process. This formulation enables arbitrary points as input and jointly reasons whether the points are crowd and where they locate. The querying processing, however, raises an underlying problem on the number of necessary querying points. Too few imply underestimation; too many increase computational overhead. To address this dilemma, we introduce a decomposable structure, i.e., the point-query quadtree, and propose a new counting model, termed Point quEry Transformer (PET). PET implements decomposable point querying via data-dependent quadtree splitting, where each querying point could split into four new points when necessary, thus enabling dynamic processing of sparse and dense regions. Such a querying process yields an intuitive, universal modeling of crowd as both the input and output are interpretable and steerable. We demonstrate the applications of PET on a number of crowd-related tasks, including fully-supervised crowd counting and localization, partial annotation learning, and point annotation refinement, and also report state-of-the-art performance. For the first time, we show that a single counting model can address multiple crowd-related tasks across different learning paradigms. Code is available at https://***/cxliu0/PET.
The traditional experimental teaching method is single, and students lack learning initiative and creativity, which leads to the problem of insufficient teaching quality. Therefore, this paper proposes a virtual exper...
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In the research methods of sentence similarity, sentence similarity is often calculated from the semantic aspect, while the influence of syntactic structure is ignored. We propose an enhanced knowledge language repres...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798331506612
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331506629
In the research methods of sentence similarity, sentence similarity is often calculated from the semantic aspect, while the influence of syntactic structure is ignored. We propose an enhanced knowledge language representation model (ExtKBRCNN) based on CNN and Bi-GRU, which effectively uses the fine-grained word relations in the knowledge base to evaluate semantic similarity and models the relationship between knowledge structure and text structure. In order to make full use of the syntactic information of the sentence, we also propose a dependency tree kernel-based method (Dep-SIF), which combines syntactic information and semantic features to evaluate syntactic similarity. Finally, we propose a comprehensive model that integrates semantic and syntactic information to comprehensively evaluate sentence similarity. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the model on the MRPC dataset is 77.63% and the F1 value is 83.90%.
Knowledge Tracing (KT), a technique for modeling students' knowledge levels and predicting their future question-answering performance based on their historical answer data, is one of the key research areas to str...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350368284
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350368291
Knowledge Tracing (KT), a technique for modeling students' knowledge levels and predicting their future question-answering performance based on their historical answer data, is one of the key research areas to strengthen the ability of personalized education. In recent years, memory networks have received more and more attention and application in the field of KT, however, the current KT model based on memory networks ignores the effect of students' learning sequence on the level of forgetting, and fails to model the forgetting behavior of students in the process of learning by using the characteristics of time intervals in the interaction data. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a dynamic student classification with forgetting mechanisms on memory networks model (DSCFMN), which enhance the existing model by dynamically classifying students similar to their learning abilities at specified time intervals, incorporating forgetting factors and introducing a weight decay strategy. Experiments show that our model performs well on online education datasets, and the proposed model achieves better prediction results than existing knowledge tracking methods.
Knowledge tracing is fundamental to intelligent educational systems, as it predicts future learning outcomes by analyzing learners' historical performance related to specific knowledge concepts. While advancements...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798331528829
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331528836
Knowledge tracing is fundamental to intelligent educational systems, as it predicts future learning outcomes by analyzing learners' historical performance related to specific knowledge concepts. While advancements have been made through deep learning techniques in the knowledge tracing domain, traditional research faces two significant limitations: insufficient consideration of temporal factors, which impacts the accurate depiction of knowledge retention and mastery dynamics; and the assumption of a one-to-one correspondence between practice and a single knowledge concept, disregarding the complexity of coexisting multiple knowledge concepts. To address these issues, this paper proposes the MulTKT model, which integrates response intervals, response durations, and the synergistic effects of multiple knowledge concepts, while incorporating a temporal decay factor into the self-attention mechanism to precisely capture learning dynamics. Experimental results indicate that MulTKT more accurately represents knowledge states and predicts student performance.
With the prevalence of various intelligent educational systems, it is imperative to uncover learners' proficiency in mastering knowledge points through their prior practice circumstances. Knowledge tracking is an ...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798350369151
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350369168
With the prevalence of various intelligent educational systems, it is imperative to uncover learners' proficiency in mastering knowledge points through their prior practice circumstances. Knowledge tracking is an extremely beneficial instrument in this regard. Among them, Convolutional Knowledge Tracking (CKT) has demonstrated excellent performance in numerous KT tasks, while it does not take into account the phenomenon of forgetting and the interconnection between knowledge points. In order to tackle these problems, we propose a model called FGE-CKT, which integrates forgetting behavior and graph embedding with CKT. Our model addresses the drawbacks of forgetting characteristics by modelling three key factors affecting students' forgetting behaviors through a fully connected neural net: repeated knowledge learning times, adjacent learning interval and interval between visits to repeat knowledge. At the same time, convolutional neural networks are used to simultaneously extract and incorporate connections between knowledge points into the model's input portion. It was confirmed by experiments on two well-established datasets that FGE-CKT achieved significant improvements in AUC performance.
Producing traversability maps and understanding the surroundings are crucial prerequisites for autonomous navigation. In this paper, we address the problem of traversability assessment using point clouds. We propose a...
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