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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Wen, Xinlong Guo, Yifei Wei, Shuoying Long, Wenhan Zhu, Lida Zhu, Rongbo College of Informatics Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan430070 China Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health Huazhong Agricultural University Shenzhen518000 China Shenzhen Branch Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shenzhen518000 China Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology for Agriculture Ministry of Education Hubei Wuhan430074 China Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

Molecular representation learning is widely used in the field of drug discovery, due to its ability to accurately capture the complex features of compounds in high-dimensional space. However, existing molecular representation learning models are prone to be influenced by spurious parts during distribution shifts (also known as out-of-distribution, or OOD), which results in models mistakenly treating these spurious parts as crucial features of molecules, thereby limiting the generalization capability of the models. To tackle this issue, a novel invariant molecular representation learning model, called Causal Invariant Hierarchical Molecular Representation Graph Neural Networks (CHiMoGNN), is proposed for OOD molecular property prediction. In CHiMoGNN, a Feature Enhancement (FE) module is designed to leverage the multi-level molecular parts to enhance the expression of invariant features, thereby enhancing the model's capability to capture key molecular information. In addition, a Cartesian Product based Environmental Impact (EI) module is adopted to generate counterfactual samples with environmental diversity. Consequently, these samples are utilized to train a classifier that maintains consistent performance across various environments. Extensive experiments on seven real-world datasets demonstrate that CHiMoGNN outperforms 9 state-of-the-art models, achieving a 5.73% increase in average ROC-AUC, and the results also show that CHiMoGNN can effectively maintain generalization in various distribution shifts. Code and datasets are available at https://***/Chertuion/CHiMoGNN. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Large Language Models are Few-shot Generators: Proposing Hybrid Prompt Algorithm To Generate Webshell Escape Samples

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Ma, Mingrui Han, Lansheng Zhou, Chunjie School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Image Processing and Intelligent Control School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Hubei Wuhan430074 China

The frequent occurrence of cyber-attacks has made webshell attacks and defense gradually become a research hotspot in the field of network security. However, the lack of publicly available benchmark datasets and the over-reliance on manually defined rules for webshell escape sample generation have slowed down the progress of research related to webshell escape sample generation and artificial intelligence (AI)-based webshell detection. To address the drawbacks of weak webshell sample escape capabilities, the lack of webshell datasets with complex malicious features, and to promote the development of webshell detection, we propose the Hybrid Prompt algorithm for webshell escape sample generation with the help of large language models. As a prompt algorithm specifically developed for webshell sample generation, the Hybrid Prompt algorithm not only combines various prompt ideas including Chain of Thought, Tree of Thought, but also incorporates various components such as webshell hierarchical module and few-shot example to facilitate the LLM in learning and reasoning webshell escape strategies. Experimental results show that the Hybrid Prompt algorithm can work with multiple LLMs with excellent code reasoning ability to generate high-quality webshell samples with high Escape Rate (88.61% with GPT-4 model on VirusTotal detection engine) and Survival Rate (54.98% with GPT-4 model). Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Network security

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A Study on Application of Artificial intelligence in College English Teaching Management and Evaluation 3

A Study on Application of Artificial Intelligence in College...

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3rd International Conference on Electronic InformationTechnology and Smart Agriculture, ICEITSA 2023

作者： Feng, Tao Deng, Jianjie Liu, Yiwen Gao, Yanxia Peng, Ling Fu, Jinrong School of Foreign Languages Huaihua University Hunan Huaihua418000 China School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Huaihua University Hunan Huaihua418000 China Key Laboratory of Wuling-Mountain Health Big Data Intelligent Processing and Application in Hunan Province Universities Hunan Huaihua418000 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Control Technology for Wuling-Mountain Ecological Agriculture in Hunan Province Hunan Huaihua418000 China School of Computing Science University of Glasgow GlasgowG12 8QQ United Kingdom

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716775

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, AI technology has been widely applied in various industries, including education. In English teaching, AI technology provides teachers with objective and instructive feedback, offers students a more personalized learning experience, helping them improve their English language skills, etc., and brings new development opportunities and challenges to English teaching as well. However, there are still some problems that need to be solved in college English teaching in our university. For this reason, based on the application of AI technology in college English teaching, this paper mainly explores the impact and application countermeasures of AI on college English teaching from the following four aspects: individuals with differences, teaching management, classroom teaching and teaching evaluation. In addition, the profound integration of college English education and AI will foster the advancement and transformation of college English instruction, ultimately serving as a catalyst for its reform. © 2023 ACM.

关键词： Artificial intelligence

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Efficient separation and quantitative sleep evaluation of phospholipids and glycerides of Antarctic krill

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Food Chemistry 2025年 486卷 144529页

作者： Liang, Yuxuan Jiang, Kaiyu Tu, Juncai Liu, Zhengqi Hu, Yuanyuan Gong, Wei Li, Jinjin Dong, Xiuping Hardiman, Gary Guo, Xiaoming Zhu, Beiwei Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health GuangDong Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Food Processing and Safety Control College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering and Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Medical School Shenzhen518060 China State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing and Safety Control Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian116034 China National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian116034 China The Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological Sciences Queen's University Belfast BelfastBT7 1NN United Kingdom

Glycerides and phospholipids are the primary constituents of Antarctic krill lipids. This study aimed to efficiently separate these components using ethanol, water and n-hexane, and further evaluated the effects on sleep-improvement. Based on hydrophilic-lipophilic balance differences and solvent phase equilibria, the extraction process yielded two distinct layers. The ethanol-water (E-W) layer was rich in phospholipids (92 %), while the n-hexane (N[sbnd]H) layer primarily consisted of glycerides (74 %). Lipidomics analysis identified 995 lipids across five major classes, including glycerides, phospholipids, free fatty acids, ceramides and cholesterol esters. Drosophila activity monitoring revealed that N[sbnd]H and E-W layers improved sleep parameters in insomnia flies, with E-W exhibiting more significant effects. This difference in efficacy can be attributed to E-W's regulation of both nicotinic cholinergic and dopaminergic activity, while N[sbnd]H only regulated nicotinic cholinergic activity. This study elucidated the distinct composition and bioactivity during the extraction of Antarctic krill lipids, providing a scientific basis for their high-value applications in functional foods. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Lecithin

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BokehMe: When Neural Rendering Meets Classical Rendering

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Peng, Juewen Cao, Zhiguo Luo, Xianrui Lu, Hao Xian, Ke Zhang, Jianming Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Adobe Research

We propose BokehMe, a hybrid bokeh rendering framework that marries a neural renderer with a classical physically motivated renderer. Given a single image and a potentially imperfect disparity map, BokehMe generates high-resolution photo-realistic bokeh effects with adjustable blur size, focal plane, and aperture shape. To this end, we analyze the errors from the classical scattering-based method and derive a formulation to calculate an error map. Based on this formulation, we implement the classical renderer by a scattering-based method and propose a two-stage neural renderer to fix the erroneous areas from the classical renderer. The neural renderer employs a dynamic multi-scale scheme to efficiently handle arbitrary blur sizes, and it is trained to handle imperfect disparity input. Experiments show that our method compares favorably against previous methods on both synthetic image data and real image data with predicted disparity. A user study is further conducted to validate the advantage of our method. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Rendering (computer graphics)

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RHNet: A Real-Time High-Resolution Network for Surface Defect Detection

RHNet: A Real-Time High-Resolution Network for Surface Defec...

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第43届中国控制会议

作者： Yijie Wang Zhigang Ren Jianpu Cai Zongze Wu Shengli Xie School of Automation Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT Ministry of EducationGuangdong University of Technology Guangdong-HongKong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Smart Discrete Manufacturing Guangdong University of Technology College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering Guangdong Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Digital Economy (SZ)Shenzhen University Key Laboratory of Intelligent Detection and The Internet of Things in Manufacturing (GDUT) Ministry of Education

ISBN: (数字)9789887581581

ISBN: (纸本)9798350366907

In the industrial domain, surface defect detection after multiple processing steps is crucial for improving the outgoing quality of products. However, due to the characteristics of surface defects, such as low contrast, irregular shapes, small and elongated features, and significant noise. To address these issues, this paper proposes a novel real-time high-resolution network(RHNet). Unlike previous models, RHNet emphasizes the importance of modeling spatial information to capture small ***, the output feature maps of each module are maintained at 1/4 resolution of the original image. We introduce a short-term dual-branch module(SDBM) to handle real-time processing of high-resolution feature maps. Additionally, FPAPPM is proposed for swift extraction of deep information and multi-scale context. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that our proposed model exhibits robust defect modeling capabilities and detection performance while still meeting real-time requirements.

关键词： Surface defect inspection Anomaly detection Semantic segmentation Deep learning Pattern recognition

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A Decoupling Paradigm with Prompt Learning for Remote Sensing Image Change Captioning

TechRxiv

引用

TechRxiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Chenyang Zhao, Rui Chen, Jianqi Qi, Zipeng Zou, Zhengxia Shi, Zhenwei Rhe Image Processing Center School of Astronautics The Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Media The State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems Beihang University Beijing100191 China The Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai200232 China The Department of Guidance Navigation and Control School of Astronautics Beihang University Beijing100191 China Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Shanghai200232 China

Remote sensing image change captioning (RSICC) is a novel task that aims to describe the differences between bitemporal images by natural language. Previous methods ignore a significant specificity of the task: the difficulty of RSICC is different for unchanged and changed image pairs. They process the unchanged and changed image pairs in a coupled way, which usually causes confusion for change captioning. In this paper, we decouple the task into two issues to ease it: whether and what changes have occurred. An image-level classifier performs binary classification to address the first issue. A feature-level encoder contributes to extracting discriminative features to help the caption generation module address the second issue. Besides, for caption generation, we utilize prompt learning to introduce pre-trained large language models (LLMs) into the RSICC task. A multi-prompt learning strategy is proposed to generate a set of unified prompts and a class-specific prompt conditioned on the image-level classifier’s results. The strategy can prompt a pre-trained LLM to know whether changes exist and generate captions. Finally, the multiple prompts and the visual features of the feature-level encoder are fed into a frozen LLM for language generation. Compared with previous methods, our method can leverage the powerful abilities of the pre-trained LLM in language to generate plausible captions, which is free of training. Extensive experiments show that our method is effective and achieves state-of-the-art performance. Besides, an additional experiment demonstrates that our decoupling paradigm is more promising than the previous coupled paradigm for the RSICC task. We will make our codebase publicly available to facilitate future research at https://***/Chen-Yang-Liu/PromptCC © 2023, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Learning systems

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A Graph-Convolutional-Network based Prototype Mixing Model for Few-shot Segmentation 11

A Graph-Convolutional-Network based Prototype Mixing Model f...

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11th International Conference on Information Technology in Medicine and Education, ITME 2021

作者： Gu, Zhibo Luo, Zhiming Huang, Min Cai, Yuanzheng Li, Shaozi Xiamen University Department of Artificial Intelligence Xiamen China Minjiang University Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Information Processing and Intelligent Control Fuzhou China College of Humanities Xiamen University Xiamen China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665406796

Over the past few years, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) based semantic segmentation methods reached the state-of-the-art performance. To train a model with the ability to know a concept, a lot of pixel level annotated images are required, which is time consuming and hard to cover unseen object categories. Thus, few-shot semantic segmentation has been developed to implement segmentation with a few annotation images. In this paper, we proposed a novel prototype mixing model for few shot segmentation. Different with other works which only produce prototypes form support set, our proposed model learn a group of concept-specific prototypes from support set and then generate prototypes from query set. With prototypes from both query set and support set, we proposed a GCN(Graphic Convolutional Network) module to generate mixing prototypes for better utilizing of informations from different categories. We also proposed a clustering module to produce multi-prototypes for representing different parts of a single semantic class, which reach better performance than single prototype. Our model achieve 48.8% and 55.9%mIoU score on PASCAL-5i for 1-shot and 5-shot settings respectively. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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Tracing Intricate Cues in Dialogue: Joint Graph Structure and Sentiment Dynamics for Multimodal Emotion Recognition

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Jiang Wang, Xiaoping Zeng, Zhigang The School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The Institute of Artificial Intelligence Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The Hubei Key Laboratory of Brain-Inspired Intelligent Systems Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan430074 China The Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Huazhong University of Science and Technology Ministry of Education Wuhan430074 China

Multimodal emotion recognition in conversation (MERC) has garnered substantial research attention recently. Existing MERC methods face several challenges: (1) they fail to fully harness direct inter-modal cues, possibly leading to less-than-thorough cross-modal modeling;(2) they concurrently extract information from the same and different modalities at each network layer, potentially triggering conflicts from the fusion of multi-source data;(3) they lack the agility required to detect dynamic sentimental changes, perhaps resulting in inaccurate classification of utterances with abrupt sentiment shifts. To address these issues, a novel approach named GraphSmile is proposed for tracking intricate emotional cues in multimodal dialogues. GraphSmile comprises two key components, i.e., GSF and SDP modules. GSF ingeniously leverages graph structures to alternately assimilate inter-modal and intra-modal emotional dependencies layer by layer, adequately capturing cross-modal cues while effectively circumventing fusion conflicts. SDP is an auxiliary task to explicitly delineate the sentiment dynamics between utterances, promoting the model’s ability to distinguish sentimental discrepancies. Furthermore, GraphSmile is effortlessly applied to multimodal sentiment analysis in conversation (MSAC), forging a unified multimodal affective model capable of executing MERC and MSAC tasks. Empirical results on multiple benchmarks demonstrate that GraphSmile can handle complex emotional and sentimental patterns, significantly outperforming baseline models. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Emotion Recognition

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Two-stage Train Components Defect Detection Based on Prior Knowledge

Two-stage Train Components Defect Detection Based on Prior K...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： Gang Peng Zhiyong Li Shaowei Wan Zhang Deng Key Laboratory of Image Processing and Intelligent Control Ministry of Education School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Wuhan Lisai Technology Co. Ltd. Wuhan China

The existing method of detecting defects in train components, which relies on visual identification, requires extensive involvement from inspectors and presents certain limitations. In this study, a two-stage defect detection based on prior knowledge was developed, which first detects the types and positions of components, and then conducts targeted detection of possible existing defect types. The algorithm introduces the prior knowledge of the relative spatial position relationship of components and optimizes the detection of sub-components by cascaded convolutional neural networks and local scale-up. In this study, three methods were used, including deep learning, template matching, and quantitative evaluation based on prior knowledge, to perform targeted detection of defect types that may occur in components. Experiments have verified the adaptability and accuracy of the method, demonstrating its high value for engineering applications.

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