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A method of embedding a high-resolution image into a large field-of-view image

Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第14期84卷 13037-13056页

作者： Dong, Yanmei Pei, Mingtao Jia, Yunde Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Graph Processing Tus College of Digit Guangxi University of Science and Technology Liuzhou545006 China Beijing Laboratory of Intelligent Information Technology School of Computer Science Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing100081 China

Images captured by wide-angle cameras or fisheye cameras are with large Field-of-View (FOV) but low resolution, while images captured by conventional cameras are with high-resolution but limited FOV. To handle this contradiction, in this paper, we propose to improve the resolution of a large FOV image by embedding a high-resolution image into it. We present an image embedding method based on non-rigid transformations and mesh optimization. Without any radial distortion correction on large FOV images, we utilize non-rigid transformations to model the mathematical transformation relationship between the high-resolution image and the large FOV image. Meanwhile, we exploit mesh optimization to generate evenly distributed control points for maintaining the shape and content of the large FOV image. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we capture some image pairs from a conventional camera and a large FOV camera, and exploit several classic image alignment methods to implement four baseline methods. The experimental results show that our method preserves the shape and content of the original FOV image from 58% to 82%, which significantly outperforms all baseline methods. The results indicate that the proposed method can effectively embed a high-resolution image into a large FOV image as well as preserve the shape and content of the large FOV image. In other words, the resolution of a large FOV image can be improved via high-resolution image embedding. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Embeddings

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Metalens-based hybrid probe near-infrared endoscope objective

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Optics Express 2025年第3期33卷 5757-5768页

作者： Song, Yichen Mao, Shan Tang, Yufeng Zhao, Jianlin Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology School of Physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an710129 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Remote Sensing and Intelligent Information Processing Xi’an710119 China

Rapid large-area deep tissue imaging at long working distances is important for clinical diagnosis. A near-infrared metalens-based hybrid probe con-focal micro-endoscope (pCM) objective with a large field of view of 500 µm, a long working distance of 300 µm, and a small caliber of 2.2 mm was designed, which is compatible with conventional endoscopes to produce cell-resolution images of deep tissues. The performance of the metalens-based hybrid objective optical system was analyzed. Results show that the metalens-based hybrid pCM significantly improves the imaging quality of such optical systems under the premise of meeting the design accuracy requirements, which provides a new solution and an effective realization for the design of such optical systems. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Infrared devices

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Hybrid meta-optics facilitate an athermal continuous zoom optical system

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Optics Express 2025年第8期33卷 17121-17135页

作者： Tang, Yufeng Mao, Shan Song, Yichen Zhao, Jianlin Key Laboratory of Light Field Manipulation and Information Acquisition Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Information Technology School of Physical Science and Technology Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an710129 China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optical Remote Sensing and Intelligent Information Processing Xi’an710119 China

To meet the demand for continuous zoom capabilities in compact lenses over a wide temperature range, we designed a compact continuous zoom optical system based on hybrid meta-optics. This system can achieve thermal stability without additional heating or cooling across a broad temperature range, utilizing commonly available optical glass. It features a total length of just 9∼12 mm and comprises only 4 lenses. By incorporating metalens, the system effectively corrects chromatic aberration and off-axis distortion, while leveraging the thermal stability of these lenses to achieve passive thermal management. Analytical results demonstrate that the system is structurally compact, capable of smooth continuous zooming from -20∼+60 ℃ with a focal length range of 4.9∼9.8 mm, and maintains excellent imaging quality throughout (with a modulation transfer function greater than 0.5 at 100 lp/mm). Additionally, the zoom and tolerances are highly feasible. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Aberrations

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HRAM-VITON: High-Resolution Virtual Try-On with Attention Mechanism

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第2期82卷 2753-2768页

作者： Yue Chen Xiaoman Liang Mugang Lin Fachao Zhang Huihuang Zhao College of Computer Science and Technology Hengyang Normal UniversityHengyang421002China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Application Hengyang421002China

The objective of image-based virtual try-on is to seamlessly integrate clothing onto a target image, generating a realistic representation of the character in the specified attire. However, existing virtual try-on methods frequently encounter challenges, including misalignment between the body and clothing, noticeable artifacts, and the loss of intricate garment details. To overcome these challenges, we introduce a two-stage high-resolution virtual try-on framework that integrates an attention mechanism, comprising a garment warping stage and an image generation stage. During the garment warping stage, we incorporate a channel attention mechanism to effectively retain the critical features of the garment, addressing challenges such as the loss of patterns, colors, and other essential details commonly observed in virtual try-on images produced by existing methods. During the image generation stage, with the aim of maximizing the utilization of the information proffered by the input image, the input features undergo double sampling within the normalization procedure, thereby enhancing the detail fidelity and clothing alignment efficacy of the output image. Experimental evaluations conducted on high-resolution datasets validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results demonstrate significant improvements in preserving garment details, reducing artifacts, and achieving superior alignment between the clothing and body compared to baseline methods, establishing its advantage in generating realistic and high-quality virtual try-on images.

关键词： Virtual try-on attention mechanism high-resolution image generation

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Advanced porous thermoelectric materials:Design,construction,and application

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Nano Research 2025年第4期18卷 469-492页

作者： Ruoyan Li Bangzhi Ge Chongjian Zhou State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing and Key Laboratory of Radiation Detection Materials and Devices Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China

Thermoelectric(TE)technology,capable of converting heat directly into electricity,holds great promise for applications requiring efficient energy output,such as wearable devices and aerospace ***,the widespread use of traditional TE materials is limited by challenges such as high density,brittleness,and coupling of thermoelectric *** TE materials offer a potential solution by enabling lightweight,enhancing mechanical flexibility,and reducing thermal conductivity by rational design and precise control of the pore *** review examined recent advances in the construction of optimized pore structures,including the size,distribution,and *** summarized the state-of-the-art synthesis and classification for porous TE materials,highlighting methods for tuning pore configurations to enhance TE ***,we also collected the cutting-edge device ensemble strategies and demonstrated their application such as aerospace,temperature management,and medical ***,we took an outlook on the rational and intelligent design of pore structures and their integration into systems for energy *** review provides new understanding of mechanisms and designs for porous TEs,and also offers valuable guidance for the development of next-generation materials and their application in innovative self-powered systems.

关键词： thermoelectric pores synthesis methods mechanical properties applications

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Beyond Performance of Learning Control Subject to Uncertainties and Noise: A Frequency-Domain Approach Applied to Wafer Stages

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 198-214页

作者： Fazhi Song Ning Cui Shuaiqi Chen Kai Zhang Yang Liu Xinkai Chen Jiubin Tan IEEE the Center of Ultra-precision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology the Key Laboratory of Ultra-Precision Intelligent Instrumentation Ministry of Industry and Information Technology the State Key Laboratory of Precision Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment Guangdong University of Technology the Center of Ultraprecision Optoelectronic Instrument Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology the Key Laboratory of UltraPrecision Intelligent Instrumentation Ministry of Industry and Information Technology the Department of Electronic and Information Systems Shibaura Institute of Technology

The increasingly stringent performance requirement in integrated circuit manufacturing, characterized by smaller feature sizes and higher productivity, necessitates the wafer stage executing a extreme motion with the accuracy in terms of nanometers. This demanding requirement witnesses a widespread application of iterative learning control(ILC), given the repetitive nature of wafer scanning. ILC enables substantial performance improvement by using past measurement data in combination with the system model knowledge. However, challenges arise in cases where the data is contaminated by the stochastic noise, or when the system model exhibits significant uncertainties, constraining the achievable performance. In response to this issue, an extended state observer(ESO) based adaptive ILC approach is proposed in the frequency *** being model-based, it utilizes only a rough system model and then compensates for the resulting model uncertainties using an ESO, thereby achieving high robustness against uncertainties with minimal modeling effort. Additionally, an adaptive learning law is developed to mitigate the limited performance in the presence of stochastic noise, yielding high convergence accuracy yet without compromising convergence speed. Simulation and experimental comparisons with existing model-based and data-driven inversion-based ILC validate the effectiveness as well as the superiority of the proposed method.

关键词： Extended state observer learning control model uncertainties motion control stochastic noise

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Facial micro-expression recognition based on dual-stream fusion network

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-14页

作者： Sun, Jiacheng Chen, Changhong Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Communication Technology Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications No.66 Xin Mofan RD Nanjing210003 China

Micro-expressions(MEs) have emerged as a viable strategy for affective estimation due to their high reliability in emotion detection. In recent years, deep learning methods have been successfully applied to the field of micro-expression recognition. However, extracting and learning features from MEs presents challenges due to their brief duration and subtle intensity. To address these challenges, we propose the dual-stream fusion network (DSFNet). Specifically, we design shallow tokens-to-token vision transformers (T2T-ViT) to effectively capture comprehensive spatial position information. We also fine-tuned the number of ViT encoders and heads to enhance overall model performance. Additionally, the proposed multiscale convolution block (MCB) and attention mechanism modules (AMM) facilitate the effective extraction of detailed and valuable multiscale features from MEs. By employing various sizes of convolutional kernels and attention mechanisms, our approach captures higher-level image information, thereby improving MER accuracy. Finally, we integrate the information obtained from both branches. Performance evaluations on three mainstream ME datasets-SMIC, CASME II, and SAMM-demonstrate that the proposed framework significantly outperforms other advanced methods in micro-expression classification. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Deep learning

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A Novel Stacked Network Method for Enhancing the Performance of Side-Channel Attacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2025年第4期83卷 1001-1022页

作者： Zhicheng Yin Lang Li Yu Ou College of Computer Science and Technology Hengyang Normal UniversityHengyang421002China Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Application HengyangNormal UniversityHengyang421002China

The adoption of deep learning-based side-channel analysis(DL-SCA)is crucial for leak detection in secure *** previous studies have applied this method to break targets protected with *** the increasing number of studies,the problem of model *** research mainly focuses on exploring hyperparameters and network architectures,while offering limited insights into the effects of external factors on side-channel attacks,such as the number and type of *** paper proposes a Side-channel Analysis method based on a Stacking ensemble,called *** our method,multiple models are deeply *** the extended application of base models and the meta-model,Stacking-SCA effectively improves the output class probabilities of the model,leading to better ***,this method shows that the attack performance is sensitive to changes in the number of ***,five independent subsets are extracted from the original ASCAD database as multi-segment datasets,which are mutually *** method shows how these subsets are used as inputs for Stacking-SCA to enhance its attack *** experimental results show that Stacking-SCA outperforms the current state-of-the-art results on several considered datasets,significantly reducing the number of attack traces required to achieve a guessing entropy of ***,different hyperparameter sizes are adjusted to further validate the robustness of the method.

关键词： Side-channel analysis deep learning stacking ensemble learning model generalization

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Online Fault-Tolerant Tracking Control With Adaptive Critic for Nonaffine Nonlinear Systems

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 215-227页

作者： Ding Wang Lingzhi Hu Xiaoli Li Junfei Qiao IEEE the School of Information Science and Technology Beijing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence and Intelligent SystemBeijing Laboratory of Smart Environmental Protection and Beijing Institute of Artificial Intelligence Beijing University of Technology

In this paper, a fault-tolerant-based online critic learning algorithm is developed to solve the optimal tracking control issue for nonaffine nonlinear systems with actuator ***, a novel augmented plant is constructed by fusing the system state and the reference trajectory, which aims to transform the optimal fault-tolerant tracking control design with actuator faults into the optimal regulation problem of the conventional nonlinear error system. Subsequently, in order to ensure the normal execution of the online learning algorithm, a stability criterion condition is created to obtain an initial admissible tracking policy. Then, the constructed model neural network(NN) is pretrained to recognize the system dynamics and calculate trajectory control. The critic and action NNs are constructed to output the approximate cost function and approximate tracking control,respectively. The Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation of the error system is solved online through the action-critic framework. In theoretical analysis, it is proved that all concerned signals are uniformly ultimately bounded according to the Lyapunov *** tracking control law can approach the optimal tracking control within a finite approximation error. Finally, two experimental examples are conducted to indicate the effectiveness and superiority of the developed fault-tolerant tracking control scheme.

关键词： Adaptive critic control neural network (NN) nonaffine nonlinear systems online fault-tolerant tracking design uniform ultimate boundedness

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Energy injection, transport, and dissipation in Earth's magnetosphere

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Science China Earth Sciences 2025年第2期68卷 363-388页

作者： Huishan FU Jinbin CAO School of Space and Earth Sciences Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Space Environment Monitoring and Information Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100191China

The Earth's magnetosphere is a region occupied by many artificial satellites, and also is a region that spacecraft must cruise during the deep-space exploration. In this sense, the Earth's magnetosphere is closely related to human activity and is a candidate for us to expand our living space. Generally, the Earth's magnetosphere can preclude most energetic particles from the Sun and the interstellar space, effectively protecting human beings on the Earth from being attacked and thus making the Earth to be a habitable planet. However, in some conditions, the Earth's magnetosphere becomes dynamic and energetic, and consequently may damage the artificial satellites, threaten the astronauts' health, and disrupt the ground infrastructure, which leads to a decline in the national economy. Therefore, investigating how energy is injected into the magnetosphere, how it is transported in the magnetosphere, and how it is ultimately dissipated in the magnetosphere are the key issues in space physics. Targeting these key issues, in this paper, we review the recent progress on them. Particularly, we introduce the relevant scientific questions,models, methods, and spacecraft missions, for better building a physical link among the energy injection, transport, and dissipation in the magnetosphere, present an energy chain of the magnetosphere, reveal the relationship between such energy chain and the space weather events, and discuss the forecasting and warning methods for energetic-particle events in the magnetosphere. The magnetospheric energy chain discussed in this paper will help us reveal the mechanisms of space weather events, establish the models of space environment, and forecast the disastrous space weather events.

关键词： Earth's magnetosphere Energy injection Energy transport Energy dissipation

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