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A Novel Gradient Descent Least Squares (GDLS) Algorithm for Efficient SMV Gridless Line Spectrum Estimation with applications in Tomographic SAR Imaging

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Shi, Ruizhe Zhang, Zhe Qiu, Xiaolan Ding, Chibiao School of Electronic Electrical and Communication Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100190 China Suzhou Aerospace Information Research Institute Suzhou Key Laboratory of Intelligent Aerospace Big Data Application Technology Jiangsu Suzhou215123 China CAS Key Laboratory of Technology in Geo-spatial Information Processing and Application System Beijing100190 China

This paper presents a novel efficient method for gridless line spectrum estimation problem with single snapshot, namely the gradient descent least squares (GDLS) method. Conventional single snapshot (a.k.a. single measure vector or SMV) line spectrum estimation methods either rely on smoothing techniques that sacrifice the array aperture, or adopt the sparsity constraint and utilize compressed sensing (CS) method by defining prior grids and resulting in the off-grid problem. Recently emerged atomic norm minimization (ANM) methods achieved gridless SMV line spectrum estimation, but its computational complexity is extremely high;thus it is practically infeasible in real applications with large problem scales. Our proposed GDLS method reformulates the line spectrum estimations problem into a least squares (LS) estimation problem and solves the corresponding objective function via gradient descent algorithm in an iterative fashion with efficiency. The convergence guarantee, computational complexity, as well as performance analysis are discussed in this paper. Numerical simulations and real data experiments show that the proposed GDLS algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art methods e.g., CS and ANM, in terms of estimation performances. It can completely avoid the off-grid problem, and its computational complexity is significantly lower than ANM. Our method has been tested in tomographic SAR (TomoSAR) imaging applications via simulated and real experiment data. Results show great potential of the proposed method in terms of better cloud point performance and eliminating the gridding effect. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spectrum analysis

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Two-Stage Multi-modal Multi-objective Algorithm Based on Dynamic Niche Updating 11th

Two-Stage Multi-modal Multi-objective Algorithm Based on Dy...

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11th International Joint Conference on Rough Sets, IJCRS 2025

作者： Ji, Haonian Chen, Hongmei Mi, Yong Institute of Artificial Intelligence School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China National Engering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China Engering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Intelligent Transportation Ministry of Education Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China Manufacturing Industry Chains Collaboration and Information Support Technology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031927409

In solving multi-modal multi-objective optimization problems (MMOPs), objective and decision space changes need to be considered. However, many multi-modal multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MMOEAs) tend to prioritize diversity in the objective space during the optimization process, often leading to suboptimal diversity and distribution in the decision space. This study proposes the Dynamic-Niche-Based Two-Stage Evolution (DNTE) approach to address this issue. DNTE employs differential evolutionary strategies in two stages, utilizing dynamic niche to enhance solution viability and optimize decision space distribution at different phases. In the first stage, the dynamic niche is used to restrict the dominance range of Pareto domination. In contrast, in the second stage, it is integrated with differential evolution to refine the distribution of the decision space. Combining DNTE with DN-NSGA-II enhances the capability of solving MMOPs and demonstrates superior performance compared to other evolutionary algorithms on MMF and MMMOP benchmark functions. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Differential evolution Dynamic niche Multi-modal multi-objective optimization problem

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Incomplete Multi-view Clustering Based on Joint Concept Decomposition and Anchor Graph Learning 11th

Incomplete Multi-view Clustering Based on Joint Concept Dec...

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11th International Joint Conference on Rough Sets, IJCRS 2025

作者： Li, Zhuowen Chen, Hongmei Xiang, Biao Yuan, Zhong Luo, Chuan Li, Tianrui School of Computing and Artificial Intelligence Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China National Engineering Laboratory of Integrated Transportation Big Data Application Technology Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Urban Intelligent Transportation Ministry of Education Chengdu 611756 China Manufacturing Industry Chains Collaboration and Information Support Technology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Southwest Jiaotong University Chengdu 611756 China College of Computer Science Sichuan University Chengdu 610065 China

ISBN: (纸本)9783031927430

The main objective of incomplete multi-view clustering is to effectively utilize the existing view information to fill in the missing data and to mine the complementary information and potential associations between multiple views to effectively group samples. The existing primary means for recovering missing information are classified into two parts: one uses matrix decomposition or low-rank constraints to fill in the missing views, and the other constructs multiple graph structures and uses graph regularization to recover the corresponding missing parts. However, the two methods are relatively independent and are not used jointly to improve the model performance. This paper proposes an incomplete multi-view clustering method with complete clustering metrics and complete anchor graphs (CFAG). Specifically, each view’s missing samples are recovered by a matrix of consistent clustering metrics and represented by an anchor graph. The recovered complete data performs anchor graph construction and anchor learning and utilizes the orthogonal variation principle to learn the consistency structure of multiple anchor graphs to mine the complementary information among multiple views. The clustering metrics are obtained based on the consistency structure, and the consistency of the clustering metrics is also considered to obtain the final clustering results. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified on multiple datasets. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2025.

关键词： Anchor graph Incomplete multi-view clustering Missing views recovery

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Synergies quantification and evolution on air pollutant and CO2 emissions driven by different socio-economic effects

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Fan, Yu Jing, Siyu Zhan, Min Zhang, Jian School of Economics and Management Beijing Information Science and Technology University Beijing100192 China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Decision Making for Green Development Beijing100192 China School of Digital Media Engineering and Humanities Hunan University of Technology and Business Changsha410205 China Xiangjiang Laboratory School of Business Central South University Changsha410083 China Beijing International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Intelligent Decision and Big Data Application Beijing100192 China

Realizing a synergistic reduction of air pollutant and CO2 emissions (APCE) is an important approach to promote a green socio-economic transformation in China, and it can provide a solid foundation for the achievement of clean energy production and climate action under a sustainable development goal framework. The objective of this study is to explore the quantitative relationship and evolution of synergies between APCE in industrial sectors driven by different socio-economic effects from 2007 to 2020 in China. The results show the main sectors of pollutant emissions had consistency, however, large differences in the reduction efficiency of emissions exist among pollutants. The efficiency in reducing CO2 emissions was about 48% lower when compared with reductions of SO2 (95%), NOX (86%), and smoke and dust (83%) emissions from 2007 to 2020. The effects of improved technology were the main contributor to a reduction in pollutant emissions, but the synergies between APCE driving by it were not achieved. While the synergies between APCE driven by structure and final demand effects were significant. The synergies between NOX and CO2 emissions were stronger driven by final effects structure and types, with correlation coefficients of 1.06 and 1.13, respectively. Besides, the degree of synergistic reduction between APCE in most industrial sectors was around zero. Therefore, the efficiency of synergistic pollution reduction should be improved with the development of a synergistic governance system for industrial sectors. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Economic and social effects

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Fast extraction of winter wheat planting area in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain using high-resolution satellite imagery on a cloud computing platform

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第1期15卷 241-250页

作者： Dongyan Zhang Mengru Zhang Fenfang Lin Zhenggao Pan Fei Jiang Liang He Hang Yang Ning Jin National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis&Application Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions(Henan University) Ministry of EducationKaifeng 475004HenanChina School of Informatics and Engineering Suzhou UniversitySuzhou 234000AnhuiChina National Meteorological Center Beijing 100081China Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of ScienceBeijing 100101China

To extract regional winter wheat planting area using higher-resolution satellite imagery still faces many challenges due to large data size and long processing time in traditional remote sensing *** Earth Engine(GEE),a cloud computing analysis platform based on global geospatial analysis,provides a new opportunity for rapid analysis of remote sensing *** this study,high-quality Landsat-8 imagery was used to extract the winter wheat planting area from the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in *** random forest algorithm was used to identify and map the winter wheat sown in 2019 and harvested in 2020,and Sentinel-2 imagery was used to verify the *** spectral indices,texture,and terrain features of the image were derived,and their contribution to the classification accuracy of winter wheat was evaluated by *** the top nine features were selected to form an optimal feature *** the set of thirty-four features and the optimized feature subset as the input variables of the random forest classifier,the results show that the accuracy difference between the two feature classification schemes is small,but the classification effect of all feature sets is slightly better than the optimal feature *** overall classification accuracy of sample plots verification was 86%-95%,the Kappa coefficient was between 0.7 and 0.85,and the percentage error of the total area was 5.42%.The research demonstrates a reliable method for mapping a wide range of winter wheat planting area,and provides a good prospect for exploring the precise mapping of other crops,which is of great significance to crop monitoring and agricultural development.

关键词： Google Earth Engine regional scale winter wheat rapid mapping

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WiViPose: A Video-aided Wi-Fi Framework for Environment-Independent 3D Human Pose Estimation

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Zhang, Lei Ning, Haoran Tang, Jiaxin Chen, Zhenxiang Zhong, Yaping Han, Yahong Tianjin University College of Intelligence and Computing the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Network Technology and Application Tianjin300050 China Key Laboratory of Computing Power Network and Information Security Ministry of Education China University of Jinan Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Intelligent Computing the School of Information Science and Engineering Jinan250022 China Wuhan Sports University Sports Big-data Research Center Wuhan430079 China Tianjin University College of Intelligence and Computing the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Machine Learning Tianjin300350 China

The inherent complexity of Wi-Fi signals makes video-aided Wi-Fi 3D pose estimation difficult. The challenges include the limited generalizability of the task across diverse environments, its significant signal heterogeneity, and its inadequate ability to analyze local and geometric information. To overcome these challenges, we introduce WiViPose, a video-aided Wi-Fi framework for 3D pose estimation, which attains enhanced cross-environment generalization through cross-layer optimization. Bilinear temporal-spectral fusion (BTSF) is initially used to fuse the time-domain and frequency-domain features derived from Wi-Fi. Video features are derived from a multiresolution convolutional pose machine and enhanced by local self-attention. Cross-modality data fusion is facilitated through an attention-based transformer, with the process further refined under a supervisory mechanism. WiViPose demonstrates effectiveness by achieving an average percentage of correct keypoints (PCK)@50 of 91.01% across three typical indoor environments. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency domain analysis

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Two-Stage OD Flow Prediction for Emergency in Urban Rail Transit

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IEEE Transactions on intelligent Transportation Systems 2024年第1期25卷 920-928页

作者： Zhu, Guangyu Ding, Jiacun Wei, Yun Yi, Yang Xu, Sendren Sheng-Dong Wu, Edmond Q. Beijing Jiaotong University Key Lab. of Transport Industry of Big Data Application Technologies for Comprehensive Transport The Beijing Research Center of Urban Traffic Information Sensing and Service Technologies Beijing100044 China Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Corporation Ltd. Beijing100014 China Yangzhou University College of Information Engineering Yangzhou225127 China National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Automation and Control Center The Graduate Institute of Automation and Control Taipei106335 Taiwan Shanghai Jiao Tong University Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing Ministry of Education of China The Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Department of Automation Shanghai200240 China

Urban rail transit (URT) is vulnerable to natural disasters and social emergencies including fire, storm and epidemic (such as COVID-19), and real-time origin-destination (OD) flow prediction provides URT operators with important information to ensure the safety of URT system. However, hindered by the high dimensionality of OD flow and the lack of supportive information reflecting the real-time passenger flow changes, study in this area is at the beginning stage. A novel model consisting of two stages is proposed for OD flow prediction. The first stage predicts the inflows of all stations by Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) in real time, where the dimension is reduced compared with predicting OD flows directly. In the second stage, the notion of separation rate, namely, the proportion of inbound passengers bounding for another station, is estimated. Finally, The OD flow is predicted by multiplying the inflow and separation rate. Experiments based on Hangzhou Metro dataset show the proposed model outperforms the contrast model in weighted mean average error (WMAE) and weighted mean square error (WMSE). Results also suggest that the proposed prediction model performs better on weekdays than on weekends, and with greater accuracy on larger OD flows. © 2000-2011 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

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Online Q&A for Machine Learning Courses Based on Formula Recognition

Online Q&A for Machine Learning Courses Based on Formula Rec...

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Information Science and Education (ICISE-IE), International Conference on

作者： Xiaoke Zhu Xiaopan Chen Minghao Li Tianxiang Zhang School of Computer and Information Engineering Henan University Kaifeng China Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology and Application Henan University Kaifeng China Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Henan University Kaifeng China

Mathematical formulas are ubiquitous in courses such as Machine Learning. Understanding these formulas is the primary challenge for studying of students. If a searchable knowledge base can be built for these formulas, it will help students learn. Accurate identification of these formulas is an important step in building and querying the knowledge base. However, mathematical formulas have complex two-dimensional and nested structures, which makes them inconvenient to search like ordinary text. This paper employs Faster R-CNN to detect regions containing mathematical formulas and improves its backbone network, anchor box dimensions, and pre-training network to make it more accurate and efficient in identifing these formulas. Furthermore, in order to enhance the features and meaningful representation of mathematical formulas in the input image, we introduce the distance transformation. Finally, comparative experiments were conducted on the publicly dataset GTDB. Our proposed approach achieved recognition rates of 91.22% and 85.74% for isolated and hybrid formulas detection.

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Enhancing Online Teaching Effectiveness Through Hand-Raising Detection

Enhancing Online Teaching Effectiveness Through Hand-Raising...

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Information Science and Education (ICISE-IE), International Conference on

作者： Xiaoke Zhu Zhiwei Dong Xiaopan Chen Yufeng Shi Henan Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Technology and Application Henan University Kaifeng China School of Computer and Information Engineering Henan University Kaifeng China Henan Key Laboratory of Big Data Analysis and Processing Henan University Kaifeng China

After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, online teaching has gradually emerged as an indispensable component of education. Despite its convenience, online education lacks the immediate interactive experience inherent in traditional classrooms. This paper presents a meticulously designed DS-YOLOv8 network model, specifically tailored for real-time recognition of students raising their hands under cameras. On our proprietary dataset, this network model exhibits exceptional accuracy in hand-raising detection, showcasing a 1.3% improvement in the AP50 index compared to the baseline YOLOv8 model. Our focus lies on the application of hand-raising detection within online classrooms with an objective to provide enhanced support for teachers by promptly identifying students raising their hands and thereby improving teaching efficiency while enriching the interactive experience of students in virtual learning environments.

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APKGC: Noise-enhanced Multi-Modal Knowledge Graph Completion with Attention Penalty 39

APKGC: Noise-enhanced Multi-Modal Knowledge Graph Completion...

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39th Annual AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, AAAI 2025

作者： Jian, Yue Luo, Xiangyu Li, Zhifei Zhang, Miao Zhang, Yan Xiao, Kui Hou, Xiaoju School of Computer Science Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China Hubei Key Laboratory of Big Data Intelligent Analysis and Application (Hubei University) Wuhan 430062 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing System and Security (Hubei University) Ministry of Education Wuhan 430062 China School of Cyber Science and Technology Hubei University Wuhan 430062 China Institute of Vocational Education Guangdong Industry Polytechnic University Guangzhou 510300 China

ISBN: (纸本)157735897X

Multimodal knowledge graphs (MMKG) store structured world knowledge enriched with multimodal descriptive information. However, MMKG often faces the challenge of incompleteness. The primary objective of multimodal knowledge graph completion (MMKGC) is to predict missing entities within MMKG. Current MMKGC methods struggle with addressing the issue of over-trust attention and how to enhance the robustness of the model. To overcome these problems, we introduce APKGC, a noise-enhanced multimodal method for knowledge graph completion with attention penalty. APKGC effectively adjusts the attention scores in the language model and alleviates over-trust attention through a specifically designed attention penalty module. Additionally, an adaptive noise sampling module is proposed to supplement the entity’s multimodal information, thereby enhancing the model’s robustness. Experimental evaluation demonstrates that APKGC excels in overcoming these challenges. Compared to the existing state-of-the-art MMKGC model, APKGC improves Hit@1 by 3.3% on the DB15K dataset and by 3.4% on the MKG-W dataset. Copyright © 2025, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (***). All rights reserved.

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