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Electromagnetic Scattering from a Three-dimensional Object using Physics-informed Neural Network

Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal 2025年第2期40卷 103-111页

作者： Zhang, Yuan Li, Renxian Tang, Huan Shi, Zhuoyuan Wei, Bing Gong, Shuhong Yang, Lixia Yan, Bing School of Physics Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Anhui University China School of Information and Communication Engineering North University of China 030051 China Shanxi Key Laboratory of Signal Capturing and Processing North University of China Shanxi Taiyuan030051 China

– Prediction of electromagnetic fields scattered from objects is of great significance in various fields. Traditional computational electromagnetic solvers, which are mesh-based, are expensive and time-consuming. The deep learning technique becomes an alternative method of the prediction of scattered fields with high efficiency. However, the data-driven deep learning method requires a large data set and lacks robustness. For complicated scattering problems, the construction of a large training data set is a hard task. By considering physics-constraints, physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) can solve the partial differential equation (PDE) problem with a small data set and also provide a physical explanation. In this paper, the PINNs are employed to solve the scattering of a plane wave by a three-dimensional object with Maxwell’s equations being physical constraints. In the calculation, a sphere and an ellipsoid are taken as examples, and the effects of the network parameters (including the number of hidden layers, and the number of data sets) are mainly discussed. The results have practical applications in many fields such as radar detection, biomedical imaging, and satellite navigation. © ACES.

关键词： Maxwell equations

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Dynamic Student Classification with Forgetting Mechanisms on Memory Networks for Knowledge Tracing 5

Dynamic Student Classification with Forgetting Mechanisms on...

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5th International Conference on intelligent computing and Human-Computer Interaction, ICHCI 2024

作者： Huang, Guimin Qin, Xiangqian School of Computer Science and Information Security Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guangxi Key Laboratory of Image and Graphic Intelligent Processing Guilin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368284

Knowledge Tracing (KT), a technique for modeling students' knowledge levels and predicting their future question-answering performance based on their historical answer data, is one of the key research areas to strengthen the ability of personalized education. In recent years, memory networks have received more and more attention and application in the field of KT, however, the current KT model based on memory networks ignores the effect of students' learning sequence on the level of forgetting, and fails to model the forgetting behavior of students in the process of learning by using the characteristics of time intervals in the interaction data. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a dynamic student classification with forgetting mechanisms on memory networks model (DSCFMN), which enhance the existing model by dynamically classifying students similar to their learning abilities at specified time intervals, incorporating forgetting factors and introducing a weight decay strategy. Experiments show that our model performs well on online education datasets, and the proposed model achieves better prediction results than existing knowledge tracking methods. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Contrastive Learning

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5th International Conference on Big Data and Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering, ICBASE 2024

作者： Zhou, Ya Chen, Chen Huang, Guimin Guilin University of Electronic Technology School of Computer Science and Information Security Guangxi Key Laboratory of Image and Graphic Intelligent Processing Guilin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506612

In the research methods of sentence similarity, sentence similarity is often calculated from the semantic aspect, while the influence of syntactic structure is ignored. We propose an enhanced knowledge language representation model (ExtKBRCNN) based on CNN and Bi-GRU, which effectively uses the fine-grained word relations in the knowledge base to evaluate semantic similarity and models the relationship between knowledge structure and text structure. In order to make full use of the syntactic information of the sentence, we also propose a dependency tree kernel-based method (Dep-SIF), which combines syntactic information and semantic features to evaluate syntactic similarity. Finally, we propose a comprehensive model that integrates semantic and syntactic information to comprehensively evaluate sentence similarity. Experimental results show that the accuracy of the model on the MRPC dataset is 77.63% and the F1 value is 83.90%. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Semantics

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Efficient DOA Estimation Based on Cauchy Loss Variable Step Size Algorithm 6

Efficient DOA Estimation Based on Cauchy Loss Variable Step ...

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6th IEEE International Conference on Electronic information and Communication Technology, ICEICT 2023

作者： Xu, Xingchao Li, Yingsong College of Information and Communications Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350399059

The Cauchy loss function is robust to large outliers and has successful applications in signal processing. In this paper, a DOA estimation algorithm based on adaptive zero technology is proposed, which updates the weight of the filter by applying the Cauchy loss function, and further improves the algorithm performance by using the variable step size method. The algorithm step size is adjusted by accumulating errors and establishing a nonlinear function with instantaneous errors. The DOA estimation ability, estimation error and accuracy of the improved Cauchy algorithm in the impulse noise environment are analyzed. The algorithm is verified by simulation experiments. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Impulse noise

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Privacy protection oriented on data stream computing

Privacy protection oriented on data stream computing

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2022 International Conference on Computer Application and information Security, ICCAIS 2022

作者： He, Renjie Zheng, Xianghan Wang, Gong School of Computer and Big Data Fuzhou University Fujian Fuzhou China The Fujian Key Laboratory of Network Computing and Intelligent Information Processing Fuzhou University Fujian Fuzhou China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510663459

Data security has always been one of the public concerns, and homomorphic encryption technology, as one of the effective means to ensure data security, has always been a hot topic of academic research. Traditional machine learning is trained in a batch environment. In practice, data owners tend to outsource data and model training tasks to third-party clouds with huge computing resources, but data outsourcing carries the risk of privacy leakage. Therefore, in order to prevent this situation, an effective method is to encrypt the data before the outsourcing, and the third-party cloud trains the machine model of the ciphertext data. This method has special requirements for encryption algorithms which should support computation directly on the ciphertext data. This paper presents a novel data flow computing privacy protection framework based on the homomorphic encryption algorithm CKKS and the flow data processing engine Flink, called SDPPF (Streaming Data Privacy Protection on Flink). The proposed framework supports the functions of data stream encryption, decryption and ciphertext computing, and expands the functions of vector point multiplication and array sum operation on the basic simultaneous operation supported by the original CKKS algorithm. This paper also selects a classical machine learning algorithm: KNN algorithm, combined with the homomorphic encryption algorithm CKKS to realize the privacy protection machine learning algorithm. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Cryptography

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Context-Aware Grammatical Error Correction Model 5

Context-Aware Grammatical Error Correction Model

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5th International Conference on Big Data and Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering, ICBASE 2024

作者： Lin, Jianxing Huang, Guimin Wang, JiaHao Guilin University of Electronic Technology School of Computer Science and Information Security Guangxi Key Laboratory of Image and Graphic Intelligent Processing Guilin China

ISBN: (纸本)9798331506612

The pursuit of accurate and fluent English communication is the cornerstone of global academic exchange and expression. The accuracy of written English is crucial for effective discourse;however, despite advancements in grammatical error correction (GEC) technology, these systems often fall short when analyzing coherent text. This paper delves into the complexities of English writing and the challenges posed by current GEC systems, advocating for a shift toward understanding document-level context in error correction. We propose a dual-encoder architecture within an encoder-decoder model, referred to as the Context-Aware Grammatical Error Correction (CAGEC) model. The CAGEC model employs an innovative dual-encoder structure, combining the encoder of the Transformer model with a Bi-GRU (Bidirectional Gated Recurrent Unit) neural network, and integrates encoding into the decoder through attention and gating mechanisms to achieve a deep understanding of the source sentence and its context. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Decoding

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A prompt-based approach to adversarial example generation and robustness enhancement

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2024年第4期18卷 85-96页

作者： Yuting YANG Pei HUANG Juan CAO Jintao LI Yun LIN Feifei MA Key Lab of Intelligent Information Processing of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) Institute of Computing TechnologyCASBeijing 100190China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Computer Science Stanford UniversityCA 94305USA School of Computing National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Laboratory of Parallel Software and Computational Science Institute of SoftwareChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Recent years have seen the wide application of natural language processing(NLP)models in crucial areas such as finance,medical treatment,and news media,raising concerns about the model robustness and *** find that prompt paradigm can probe special robust defects of pre-trained language *** prompt texts are first constructed for inputs and a pre-trained language model can generate adversarial examples for victim models via *** results show that prompt paradigm can efficiently generate more diverse adversarial examples besides synonym ***,we propose a novel robust training approach based on prompt paradigm which incorporates prompt texts as the alternatives to adversarial examples and enhances robustness under a lightweight minimax-style optimization *** on three real-world tasks and two deep neural models show that our approach can significantly improve the robustness of models to resist adversarial attacks.

关键词： robustness adversarial example prompt learning pre-trained language model

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FUZZY ALIGNMENTS IN DIRECTED ACYCLIC GRAPH FOR NON-AUTOREGRESSIVE MACHINE TRANSLATION 11

FUZZY ALIGNMENTS IN DIRECTED ACYCLIC GRAPH FOR NON-AUTOREGRE...

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11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023

作者： Ma, Zhengrui Shao, Chenze Gui, Shangtong Zhang, Min Feng, Yang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences China Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen China

Non-autoregressive translation (NAT) reduces the decoding latency but suffers from performance degradation due to the multi-modality problem. Recently, the structure of directed acyclic graph has achieved great success in NAT, which tackles the multi-modality problem by introducing dependency between vertices. However, training it with negative log-likelihood loss implicitly requires a strict alignment between reference tokens and vertices, weakening its ability to handle multiple translation modalities. In this paper, we hold the view that all paths in the graph are fuzzily aligned with the reference sentence. We do not require the exact alignment but train the model to maximize a fuzzy alignment score between the graph and reference, which takes captured translations in all modalities into account. Extensive experiments on major WMT benchmarks show that our method substantially improves translation performance and increases prediction confidence, setting a new state of the art for NAT on the raw training data. © 2023 11th International Conference on Learning Representations, ICLR 2023. All rights reserved.

关键词： Benchmarking

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Audio-Driven Identity Manipulation for Face Inpainting 24

Audio-Driven Identity Manipulation for Face Inpainting

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32nd ACM International Conference on Multimedia, MM 2024

作者： Sun, Yuqi Lin, Qing Tan, Weimin Yan, Bo Shanghai Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai China Singapore Nanyang Technological University Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)9798400706868

Recent advances in multimodal artificial intelligence have greatly improved the integration of vision-language-audio cues to enrich the content creation process. Inspired by these developments, in this paper, we first integrate audio into the face inpainting task to facilitate identity manipulation. Our main insight is that a person's voice carries distinct identity markers, such as age and gender, which provide an essential supplement for identity-aware face inpainting. By extracting identity information from audio as guidance, our method can naturally support tasks of identity preservation and identity swapping in face inpainting. Specifically, we introduce a dual-stream network architecture comprising a face branch and an audio branch. The face branch is tasked with extracting deterministic information from the visible parts of the input masked face, while the audio branch is designed to capture heuristic identity priors from the speaker's voice. The identity codes from two streams are integrated using a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) to create a virtual unified identity embedding that represennts comprehensive identity features. In addition, to explicitly exploit the information from audio, we introduce an audio-face generator to generate an 'fake' audio face directly from audio and fuse the multi-scale intermediate features from the audio-face generator into face inpainting network through an audio-visual feature fusion (AVFF) module. Extensive experiments demonstrate the positive impact of extracting identity information from audio on face inpainting task, especially in identity preservation. © 2024 ACM.

关键词： Visual languages

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UAV-Assisted Dynamic Avatar Task Migration for Vehicular Metaverse Services: A Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第2期11卷 430-445页

作者： Jiawen Kang Junlong Chen Minrui Xu Zehui Xiong Yutao Jiao Luchao Han Dusit Niyato Yongju Tong Shengli Xie IEEE School of Automation Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China 111 Center for Intelligent Batch Manufacturing based on IoT Technology Guangzhou 510006China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and System Integration of IoT Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China School of Computer Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingaporeSingapore Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and DesignSingaporeSingapore College of Communication Engineering Army Engineering University of PLANanjing 210007China National Natural Science Foundation of China Beijing 100085China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Detection and IoT in Manufacturing Ministry of EducationGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Key Laboratory of IoT Information Technology Guangzhou 510006China

Avatars, as promising digital representations and service assistants of users in Metaverses, can enable drivers and passengers to immerse themselves in 3D virtual services and spaces of UAV-assisted vehicular Metaverses. However, avatar tasks include a multitude of human-to-avatar and avatar-to-avatar interactive applications, e.g., augmented reality navigation,which consumes intensive computing resources. It is inefficient and impractical for vehicles to process avatar tasks locally. Fortunately, migrating avatar tasks to the nearest roadside units(RSU)or unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV) for execution is a promising solution to decrease computation overhead and reduce task processing latency, while the high mobility of vehicles brings challenges for vehicles to independently perform avatar migration decisions depending on current and future vehicle status. To address these challenges, in this paper, we propose a novel avatar task migration system based on multi-agent deep reinforcement learning(MADRL) to execute immersive vehicular avatar tasks dynamically. Specifically, we first formulate the problem of avatar task migration from vehicles to RSUs/UAVs as a partially observable Markov decision process that can be solved by MADRL algorithms. We then design the multi-agent proximal policy optimization(MAPPO) approach as the MADRL algorithm for the avatar task migration problem. To overcome slow convergence resulting from the curse of dimensionality and non-stationary issues caused by shared parameters in MAPPO, we further propose a transformer-based MAPPO approach via sequential decision-making models for the efficient representation of relationships among agents. Finally, to motivate terrestrial or non-terrestrial edge servers(e.g., RSUs or UAVs) to share computation resources and ensure traceability of the sharing records, we apply smart contracts and blockchain technologies to achieve secure sharing management. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed approach

关键词： Avatar blockchain metaverses multi-agent deep reinforcement learning transformer UAVs

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