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Privacy-Preserving Push-Pull Method for Decentralized Optimization via State Decomposition

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Cheng, Huqiang Liao, Xiaofeng Li, Huaqing Zhao, You Key Laboratory of Dependable Services Computing in Cyber Physical Society Ministry of Education College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Circuits and Intelligent Information Processing College of Electronic and Information Engineering Southwest University Chongqing400715 China

Distributed optimization is manifesting great potential in multiple fields, e.g., machine learning, control, and resource allocation. Existing decentralized optimization algorithms require sharing explicit state information among the agents, which raises the risk of private information leakage. To ensure privacy security, combining information security mechanisms, such as differential privacy and homomorphic encryption, with traditional decentralized optimization algorithms is a commonly used means. However, this would either sacrifice optimization accuracy or incur heavy computational burden. To overcome these shortcomings, we develop a novel privacy-preserving decentralized optimization algorithm, called PPSD, that combines gradient tracking with a state decomposition mechanism. Specifically, each agent decomposes its state associated with the gradient into two substates. One substate is used for interaction with neighboring agents, and the other substate containing private information acts only on the first substate and thus is entirely agnostic to other agents. For the strongly convex and smooth objective functions, PPSD attains a R-linear convergence rate. Moreover, the algorithm can preserve the agents’ private information from being leaked to honest-but-curious neighbors. Simulations further confirm the results. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Optimization

Phase behavior of symmetric diblock copolymers under 3D soft confinement

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arXiv 2024年

作者： He, Zhijuan Huang, Jin Jiang, Kai Shi, An-Chang School of Mathematics and Computational Science Xiangtan University Hunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing Ministry of Education 411105 China Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex Systems Ministry of Education School of Mathematical Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Department of Physics and Astronomy McMaster University HamiltonONL8S 4M1 Canada

The phase behavior of symmetric diblock copolymers under three-dimensional (3D) soft confinement is investigated using the self-consistent field theory. The soft confinement is realized in binary blends composed AB diblock copolymers and C homopolymers, where the copolymers self-assemble to form a droplet embedded in the homopolymer matrix. The phase behavior of the confined block copolymers is regulated by the degree of confinement and the selectivity of the homopolymers, resulting in a rich variety of novel structures. When the C homopolymers are neutral to the A- and B-blocks, stacked lamellae (SL) are formed where the number of layers increases with the droplet volume, resulting in a morphological transition sequence from Janus particle to square SL. When the C homopolymers are strongly selective to the B-blocks, a series of non-lamellar morphologies, including onion-, hamburger-, cross-, ring-, and cookie-like structures, are observed. A detailed free energy analysis reveals a first-order reversible transformation between SL and onion-like (OL) structures when the selectivity of the homopolymers is changed. Our results provide a comprehensive understanding of how various factors, such as the copolymer concentration, homopolymer chain length, degree of confinement, homopolymer selectivity, affect the self-assembled structures of diblock copolymers under soft 3D confinement. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Free energy

Super-Broadband Rectifier With Wide-band Resistance Compression Network and Harmonic Cycling for RF-Harvesting

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TechRxiv

TechRxiv 2022年

作者： Liu, Xin Zhang, Dawei Li, Yingsong Huang, Zhixiang College of Information and Communication Engineering Harbin Engineering University Harbin150001 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University Hefei230601 China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Target Recognition and Feature Extraction Lu'An230088 China

In this paper, a super-broadband (SBB) rectifier using a wideband resistance compression network (WRCN) and harmonic cycling is proposed, simulated, fabricated, measured and analyzed in detail for the harvesting of ambient Radio frequency (RF) energy. Meanwhile, impedance compression and matching are achieved to implement the SBB using WRCN and impedance operation networks. Additionally, harmonic cycling structure and bending technology are employed to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and reduce the size, respectively. For demonstration, a prototype of the proposed rectifier is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good accordance with the simulated ones, indicating that the rectifier can provide high efficiency and ultra-broadband rectification characteristics. A PCE over 50% is realized at 3.5 GHz with an input power range of 6–24 dBm, and a PCE of 75% is obtained at an input power of 18 dBm. The PCE is greater than 50% at 17 dBm with an input frequency of 2.7–4.6 GHz. This work can find significant applications in the development of RF-harvesting. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Harvesting

A C0-continuous nonconforming virtual element method for linear strain gradient elasticity

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Huang, Jianguo Yu, Yue School of Mathematical Sciences MOE-LSC Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai200240 China Hunan Key Laboratory for Computation and Simulation in Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing of Ministry of Education National Center for Applied Mathematics in Hunan School of Mathematics and Computational Science Xiangtan University Hunan Xiangtan411105 China

A robust C0-continuous nonconforming virtual element method (VEM) is developed for a boundary value problem arising from strain gradient elasticity in two dimensions, with the family of polygonal meshes satisfying a very general geometric assumption given in Brezzi et al. (2009) and Chen and Huang (2018). The stability condition of the VEMs is derived by establishing Korn-type inequalities and inverse inequalities. Some crucial commutative relations for locking-free analysis as in elastic problems are derived. The sharp and uniform error estimates with respect to both the microscopic parameter and the Lamé coefficient are achieved in the lowest-order case, which is also verified by numerical *** Codes 65N12, 65N15, 65N22, 65N30 © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Boundary value problems

A Note on the Conditional Fault-Tolerant Strong Menger Edge Connectivity of Regular Graphs∗

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SSRN

SSRN 2023年

作者： Li, Pingshan Xu, Min Cheng, Eddie Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing & Information Processing Ministry of Education School of Mathematics and Computational Science Xiangtan University Hunan Xiangtan411105 China Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex Systems Ministry of Education Beijing100875 China Department of Mathematics and Statistics Oakland University RochesterMI48309 United States

A graph G is said to be strongly Menger edge-connected (SM-λ for short) if for every two of its vertices u and v, there are min{dG(u),dG(v)}) edge-disjoint paths between them, where dG(u) is the degree of u in G. The maximum conditional edge-fault-tolerant number of order r with respect to the SM-λ property of G, denoted by smrλ(G), is the maximum integer m such that G − F remains SM-λ for every edge set F with |F| ≤ m and δ(G − F) ≥ r. So far, most of the exact values of smrλ(G) are for the case when r ≤ 2 for special class of graphs. In this paper, we give a sufficient condition to give a bound of smrλ(G) for general r on regular graphs. As an application,we determine the exact value of) for 1 ≤ r ≤ n − 2 where AQn is the n-dimensional augmented cube. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphic methods

Stfi: Structure-Aware and Time-Frequency Domain Interaction Network for Deformable Medical Image Registration

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SSRN

SSRN 2025年

作者： Hu, Rui Wang, Nian Zhang, Yuxin Li, Teng Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Anhui University Hefei230601 China Advanced Imaging Research Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center 5323 Harry Hines Blvd Dallas75390 United States School of Cyber Science and Engineering Southeast University No.2 Southeast University Road Nanjing211189 China

Deformable image registration is crucial in medical image analysis. Recently, unsupervised methods using intensity matching have shown promising results without labeled data. However, these methods still face challenges: (1) They often encounter local optima when handling anatomical structures with significant variations in intensity distribution;(2) Time domain convolution in decoders leads to loss of high-frequency fine features, limiting the effectiveness of generating fine deformation vector fields. To address these issues, we propose a novel structure-aware and time-frequency domain interaction (STFI) network. STFI integrates a structure-aware frequency domain loss and a time-frequency domain interaction module. The former leverages principal structural information from the weighted phase spectrum to guide the registration process, thereby reducing the risk of local optima. The latter processes and amalgamates information from both the time and frequency domains, effectively preserving high-frequency details. The efficacy and adaptability of our approach have been demonstrated on two types of data, offering a new perspective on exploiting time-frequency domain information for medical image registration. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image registration

A quaternary analogue of Tang-Ding codes

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Shi, Minjia Tao, Sihui Kim, Jon-Lark Solé, Patrick The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing Signal Processing Ministry of Education School of Mathematical Sciences Anhui University Hefei230601 China State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks Xidian University Xi’an710071 China Department of Mathematics Sogang University Seoul Korea Republic of Aix Marseille Univ CNRS Centrale Marseille I2M Marseille France

In a recent paper, Tang and Ding introduced a class of binary cyclic codes of rate close to one half with a designed lower bound on their minimum distance. The definition involves the base 2 expansion of the integers in their defining set. In this paper we propose an analogue for quaternary codes. In addition, the performances of the subfield subcode and of the trace code (two binary cyclic codes) are investigated. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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A Wideband Circularly Polarized Folded Transmitarray Antenna With Linearly Polarized Feed

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A Wideband Circularly Polarized Folded Transmitarray Antenna...

IEEE International Conference on Electronic Information and Communication Technology (ICEICT)

作者： Xiangdong Sun Xulong Guo Yin Li Yongliang Zhang Yingsong Li School of Electronic Information Engineering Inner Mongolia University Hohhot China Inner Mongolia Branch of National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of China Inner Mongolia University Hohhot China Peng Cheng Laboratory Shenzhen China School of Transportation Institute Inner Mongolia University Hohhot China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing Ministry of Education Anhui University China

ISBN: (数字)9798350384437

ISBN: (纸本)9798350384444

A low-profile, high-gain, wideband circularly polarized folded transmitarray antenna (CPFTA) is proposed, and a polarization-selective linear-to-circular polarization (LP-CP) conversion element is introduced. The CPFTA consists of a linearly polarized (LP) magnetoelectric dipole antenna and a circularly polarized (CP) helical patch antenna. The CPFTA demonstrates excellent performance with a 3dB gain bandwidth of 29.5% and a 3dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of 40.9%.

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Size-Invariance Matters: Rethinking Metrics and Losses for Imbalanced Multi-object Salient Object Detection 41

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Size-Invariance Matters: Rethinking Metrics and Losses for I...

41st International Conference on Machine Learning, ICML 2024

作者： Li, Feiran Xu, Qianqian Bao, Shilong Yang, Zhiyong Cong, Runmin Cao, Xiaochun Huang, Qingming Institute of Information Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Cyber Security University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Computer Science and Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Information Science Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China School of Control Science and Engineering Shandong University Jinan China Key Laboratory of Machine Intelligence and System Control Ministry of Education Jinan China School of Cyber Science and Tech. Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen Campus China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

This paper explores the size-invariance of evaluation metrics in Salient Object Detection (SOD), especially when multiple targets of diverse sizes co-exist in the same image. We observe that current metrics are size-sensitive, where larger objects are focused, and smaller ones tend to be ignored. We argue that the evaluation should be size-invariant because bias based on size is unjustified without additional semantic information. In pursuit of this, we propose a generic approach that evaluates each salient object separately and then combines the results, effectively alleviating the imbalance. We further develop an optimization framework tailored to this goal, achieving considerable improvements in detecting objects of different sizes. Theoretically, we provide evidence supporting the validity of our new metrics and present the generalization analysis of SOD. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. The code is available at https://***/Ferry-Li/SI-SOD. Copyright 2024 by the author(s)

关键词： Object detection