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International Conference on information, Communications and Signal processing

作者： Jie Chen Ling-Yu Duan Bing Li Rongrong Ji Wen Gao Institute of Digital Media School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Peking University Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781457700293

We propose a novel locality sensitive vocabulary coding scheme to extract compact descriptors for low bit rate visual search. We employ Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to learn the topic vocabularies of lower dimension to generate compact descriptors. To deal with diverse datasets, LDA model is introduced to subdivide a dataset into groups of images with a topic model, where the code word distributions in each group produce coherent statistics from generative learning. Moreover, our empirical study has shown that the original Bag-of-Word (BoW) is sparse, and the occurrences of non-zero words is coherent within a topic. Our proposed topic-wise vocabulary learning yields a more compact yet discriminative codebook to search images. Given a query image, multiple topics are determined, which is fed into the topic vocabularies to generate more compact topical descriptor. Comparison experiments show our topic-wise locality sensitive vocabulary coding produces more compact and discriminative descriptors than the state-of-the-arts.

关键词： Vocabulary Visualization Encoding Mobile communication Image coding Histograms Bit rate

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Shape-based web image clustering for unsupervised object detection?

Shape-based web image clustering for unsupervised object det...

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME)

作者： Wei Zheng Changhu Wang Xilin Chen Graduate School Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China Microsoft Research Asia Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781612843483

Automatic object detection for an arbitrary class is an important but very challenging problem, due to the countless kinds of objects in the world and the large amount of labeling work for each object. In this work, we target at solving the problem of automatic object detection for an arbitrary class without the laborious human effort. Motivated by the explosive growth of Web images and the phenomenal success of search techniques, we develop an unsupervised object detection framework by automatically training the object detector on the top returns of certain image search engine queried by the name of the object class. In order to automatically isolate the objects from the Web images for training, only clipart images with simple background are used, which preserve most of the shape information of the objects. A two-stage shape-based clustering algorithm is proposed to mine typical shapes of the object, in which the inner-class variance of object shapes is considered and undesired images are filtered out. In order to reduce the gap between clipart images and real-world images, we introduce an efficient algorithm to synthesize the real-world images from clipart images, and only shape feature is used in the detector training part. Finally, the synthetic images could be used to train object detectors by an off-the-shelf discriminative algorithm, e.g., boosting or SVM. Extensive experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed framework on objects with simple and representative shapes, and the proposed framework could be considered as a good beginning of solving this challenging problem.

关键词： Shape Clustering algorithms Training Detectors Image edge detection Object detection Image color analysis

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Context constrained facial landmark localization based on discontinuous Haar-like feature

Context constrained facial landmark localization based on di...

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International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition

作者： Xiaowei Zhao Xiujuan Chai Zhiheng Niu Cherkeng Heng Shiguang Shan Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China Panasonic Singapore Laboratories Private Limited (PSL) Singapore

Facial landmark localization is well known as one of the bottlenecks in face recognition. This paper proposes a novel facial landmark localization method, which introduces facial context constrains into cascaded AdaBoost framework. The motivation of our method lies in the basic human physiology observation that not only the local texture information but also the global context information is used together for human to realize the landmark location task. Therefore, in our solution, a novel type of Haar-like feature, called discontinuous Haar-like feature, is proposed to characterize the facial context, i.e. the cooccurrence relationship between target facial landmark and other local texture patterns within face region (including other landmarks, facial organs and also smoothing regions). For the locating task, traditional Haar-like features (characterizing local texture information) and discontinuous Haar-like features (characterizing context constrains in global sense) are combined together to form more powerful representations. Through Real AdaBoost learning, distinctive features are selected automatically and used for facial landmark detection. Our experiments on BioID and Cohn-Kanade databases have validated the proposed method by comparing with other state-of-the-art results.

关键词： Context Face Feature extraction Mouth Databases Pixel Accuracy

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Roughness in vector spaces

Roughness in vector spaces

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IEEE International Conference on Granular Computing (GRC)

作者： Mingfen Wu Xiangyun Xie School of Computer Science Wuyi University Guangdong China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China School of Mathematics and Computational Science Wuyi University China

Rough set theory proposed by Pawlak, is a complementary generalization of classical set theory. The relations between rough sets and algebraic systems endowed with two binary operations such as rings, groups and semigroups have been already considered. Wu, Xie and Cao defined a pair of rough approximation operators based on a sub-space. In this paper we do the further study about the upper (lower)approximations. We propose concepts of W-upper(lower) rough subspaces in an approximation space and give some properties of the upper(lower) and rough subspaces. Some characterizations of the upper(lower) rough subspace are expressed with addition and intersection operations of subspaces. At the same time, some counterexamples are offered to illustrate the relevant results.

关键词： Approximation methods Rough sets Vectors Educational institutions Laboratories

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Visual saliency detection by spatially weighted dissimilarity

Visual saliency detection by spatially weighted dissimilarit...

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Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)

作者： Lijuan Duan Chunpeng Wu Jun Miao Laiyun Qing Yu Fu College of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China School of Information Science and Engineering Chinese Academy and Sciences Beijing China Department of Computing University of Surrey Guildford Surrey UK

In this paper, a new visual saliency detection method is proposed based on the spatially weighted dissimilarity. We measured the saliency by integrating three elements as follows: the dissimilarities between image patches, which were evaluated in the reduced dimensional space, the spatial distance between image patches and the central bias. The dissimilarities were inversely weighted based on the corresponding spatial distance. A weighting mechanism, indicating a bias for human fixations to the center of the image, was employed. The principal component analysis (PCA) was the dimension reducing method used in our system. We extracted the principal components (PCs) by sampling the patches from the current image. Our method was compared with four saliency detection approaches using three image datasets. Experimental results show that our method outperforms current state-of-the-art methods on predicting human fixations.

关键词： Humans Color Visualization Image color analysis Principal component analysis Correlation Computational modeling

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Assessment of genetically modified food security-first results

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Journal of information and Computational Science 2011年第12期8卷 2493-2500页

作者： Chai, Jie Wu, Jiyi Cong, Jiang Sun, Xiaohong Kang, Bingyi Deng, Yong School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Hangzhou Key Laboratory of E-Business and Information Security Hangzhou Normal University Zhejiang 310036 China College of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 China Key Subject Laboratory of National Defense for Radioactive Waste and Environmental Security Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 China College of Computer and Information Sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China

With the development of Genetically Modified (GM) food, security issue is being paid increasing attention. In this paper, a comprehensive model taking account factors which influencing GM food security is proposed. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to derive the weight of each attribute in different levels according to their importance. Basic Probability Assignment (BPA) function is generated by the safety degree of each element, then we use BPA function of the Dempster-Shafer evidence to represent the inclination of the elements. The safety degree of GM food will be get when weight was used as the discount factor and each attribute data was combined based on discount combination rule. 1548-7741/Copyright © 2011 Binary information Press.

关键词： Safety factor

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Degradation of AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors with Different AlGaN Layer Thicknesses under Strong Electric Field

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Chinese Physics Letters 2010年第2期27卷 243-245页

作者：杨凌马晶晶朱诚郝跃马晓华 Key Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Material and Device Institute of Microelectronics Xidian University Xi'an 710071 Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding (Ministry of Education) Institute of Intelligent Information Processing Xidian University Xi'an 710071 National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Antennas and Microwaves Xidian University Xi'an 710071

The degradation of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors （HEMTs） has a close relationship with a model of traps in AlGaN barriers as a result of high electric field. We mainly discuss the impacts of strong electrical field on the AlGaN barrier thickness of AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. It is found that the device with a thin AlGaN barrier layer is more easily degraded. We study the degradation of four parameters, i.e. the gate series resistance RGate, channel resistance R channel, gate current IG,off at VGS=-5 and VDS=0.1 V, and drain current ID,max at VGS=2 and VDS=5 V. In addition, the degradation mechanisms of the device electrical parameters are also investigated in detail.

关键词： Chinese climate network complex systems small world community

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A method for translating belief function models to probability models

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Journal of information and Computational Science 2011年第10期8卷 1817-1823页

作者： Xu, Peida Wu, Jiyi Li, Ya Cong, Jiang Sun, Xiaohong Kang, Bingyi Deng, Yong School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China Hangzhou Key Laboratory of E-Business and Information Security Hangzhou Normal University Zhejiang 310036 China College of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306 China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Computing and Information Processing of Ministry of Education Xiangtan University Hunan 411105 China Key Subject Laboratory of National defense for Radioactive Waste and Environmental Security Southwest University of Science and Technology Mianyang 621010 China College of Computer and Information Sciences Southwest University Chongqing 400715 China

One of the key issues in the applications of Dempster-Shafer evidence theory is how to make a decision based on Basic Probability Assignment (BPA). The conventional method is Pignistic Probability Transformation (PPT), which transforms BPA to probability distribution with equally assignment. To solve the existing problems of pignistic probability transformation, a new transformation method using an optimization algorithm based on the conflict coefficient k is proposed in this paper. The obtained probability has the minimum conflict coefficient with the original BPA. Numerical examples are used to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method. © 2011 by Binary information Press.

关键词： Decision making

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An improved neural architecture for gaze movement control in target searching

An improved neural architecture for gaze movement control in...

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International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)

作者： Jun Miao Lijuan Duan Laiyun Qing Yuanhua Qiao Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Beijing China College of Computer Science and Technology Beijing University of Technology Beijing China School of Information Science and Engineering Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China College of Applied Science Beijing University of Technology Beijing China

This paper presents an improved neural architecture for gaze movement control in target searching. Compared with the four-layer neural structure proposed in [14], a new movement coding neuron layer is inserted between the third layer and the fourth layer in previous structure for finer gaze motion estimation and control. The disadvantage of the previous structure is that all the large responding neurons in the third layer were involved in gaze motion synthesis by transmitting weighted responses to the movement control neurons in the fourth layer. However, these large responding neurons may produce different groups of movement estimation. To discriminate and group these neurons' movement estimation in terms of grouped connection weights form them to the movement control neurons in the fourth layer is necessary. Adding a new neuron layer between the third layer and the fourth lay is the measure that we solve this problem. Comparing experiments on target locating showed that the new architecture made the significant improvement.

关键词： Neurons Visualization Image coding Encoding Context Feature extraction Equations

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Computing importance of 2D contour parts by reconstructability

Computing importance of 2D contour parts by reconstructabili...

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International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCV Workshops)

作者： Ge Guo Yizhou Wang Tingting Jiang Alan Yuille Wen Gao Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing Institute of Computing Technology CAS Beijing China National Engineering Laboratory for Video Technology Schl of EECS Peking University Beijing China Department of Statistics University of California Los Angeles CA USA

Part-based representation has become an essential representation for objects. Different parts of a shape have various importance to shape perception. Concerned by the contributions of local parts to the perception of global shapes, we introduce an importance measure of shape parts from the viewpoint of their “reconstructability”. Given one shape part as a local observation, we estimate the global object shapes through a proposed novel shape reconstruction method. The reconstruction quality is determined by part geometry variation and part uniqueness. Then a conditional entropy formulation is introduced to measure the part importance considering the reconstruction quality, part uniqueness and variation. Extensive experiments demonstrate the benefit of the proposed part importance to object detection applications. Moreover, psychological experiments are conducted to further support the consistency of our importance measure with human perception towards shape parts.

关键词： Shape Entropy Computational modeling Image reconstruction Object detection Shape measurement Psychology

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