A series of single hole devices are designed based on the different concentrations of FeCl3 doped in 4, 4'-Bis(9H-carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl (CBP). The hole mobilities of p-type doped CBP by FeCl3 with various doping ...
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A series of single hole devices are designed based on the different concentrations of FeCl3 doped in 4, 4'-Bis(9H-carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl (CBP). The hole mobilities of p-type doped CBP by FeCl3 with various doping concentrations are estimated by using space-charge-limited current model, and compared with the mobility of NPB which is a kind of hole transport material commonly used in organic electroluminescence devices. The results indicate that FeCl3 doped CBP has significantly improved hole mobility. The highest hole mobility is achieved when the concentration of FeCl3 is 12%. For an electric field of 0.5 MV/cm, the estimated hole mobility of FeCl3-doped CBP with doping concentration of 12% reaches 4.5×10-5 cm2/V · s. Even in zero electric field, the hole mobility can reach 2.2×10-5 cm2/V · s, which is nearly four times of that of NPB. High efficiency organic light-emitting device is fabricated by using CBP: 12% FeCl3 as the hole transport layer. The device shows a maximum luminance of 68468 cd/m2 and a maximum current efficiency of 31.1 cd/A, which are increased by 97% and 23% compared with those of the reference device, respectively. The improvements are attributed to the balanced charge carrier transport characteristic, which results in an increased charge carrier recombination probability and a decreased triplet-polaron (T-P) annihilation probability.
The effects of Ti additions and the heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AlCoCrFeNiTix （x = 0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5） high-entropy alloys （HEAs） were studied. The results show that the dendrite phase wit...
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The effects of Ti additions and the heat treatment on the mechanical properties of AlCoCrFeNiTix （x = 0, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5） high-entropy alloys （HEAs） were studied. The results show that the dendrite phase with a body-centered-cubic （bcc） structure transforms into the interdendrite phase with a new bcc structure. With the increase of the Ti contents and heat-treatment temperature, the average hardness and yield strengths are greatly improved, and the highest hardness and yielding strength are 583 HV and 2.07 GPa, respectively in the investigated HEA system. The as-cast and annealed HEAs exhibit excellent mechanical properties, combining with high yielding strength and plasticity. The solid solution strengthening mechanism of Ti additions is responsible for the strengthening effect of AlCoCrFeNiTix HEAs.
Employing density functional theory, we study the tensile and fracture processes of the phase interfaces in Mg–Li binary alloy. The simulation presents the strain–stress relationships, the ideal tensile strengths, a...
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Employing density functional theory, we study the tensile and fracture processes of the phase interfaces in Mg–Li binary alloy. The simulation presents the strain–stress relationships, the ideal tensile strengths, and the fracture processes of three phase interfaces. The results show that the α/α and α/β interfaces have larger tensile strength than that of β/β interface. The fractures of both α/α and β/β interfaces are ductile fractures, while the α/β fractures abruptly._Further analyses show that the fracture of the α/β occurs at the interface.
In this work, using (NH4)2S2O8/ NaHSO3 as redox initiator, an amphoteric polyacrylamide(p(AM-MADQUAT- NaAMPS)) was synthesized with acrylamide(AM), 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (MADQUAT) and sodi...
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In this work, using (NH4)2S2O8/ NaHSO3 as redox initiator, an amphoteric polyacrylamide(p(AM-MADQUAT- NaAMPS)) was synthesized with acrylamide(AM), 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyltrimethylammonium chloride (MADQUAT) and sodium-2-acrylamido-2-methyl- propanesulfonate (NaAMPS) by solution or inverse microemulsion polymerization at the same feed ratio. Starting from polymerization mechanism, we have investigated the composition distribution and sequence distribution of the two copolymers according to monomer reactivity ratios. Furthermore, we have studied the effect of polymer structure on floc seize and compressive yield stress of sludge. The correlation of the structure of amphoteric polyacrylamide and floc property was preliminary created.
Submicrometer-scale ZnO composite aggregate arrays of nanorods and nanoparticles were prepared by simple wet-chemical route and studied as dye-sensitized solar cells （DSSCs） photoanodes. The ZnO composite aggregate ...
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Submicrometer-scale ZnO composite aggregate arrays of nanorods and nanoparticles were prepared by simple wet-chemical route and studied as dye-sensitized solar cells （DSSCs） photoanodes. The ZnO composite aggregate arrays significantly improved the efficiency of DSSCs due to their relatively high surface area, fast electron transport, and enhanced light-scattering capability. A short current density （Jsc） of 11.7 mA/cm2 and an overall solar-to-electric energy conversion efficiency （η） of 3.17% were achieved for the ZnO composite aggregate DSSCs, which were much higher than those obtained for the monodisperse aggregate DSSCs （Jsc = 6.9 mA/cm2, r/= 1.51 %） and ZnO nanorod array DSSCs （Jsc = 4.2 mA/cm2, η= 0.61%）.
Mg/Al alloy multilayered composites were manufactured by accumulative roll-bonding with large number of cycles. Microstructure of the Mg/Al alloy multilayered composites during ARB process was investigated by optical ...
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Mg/Al alloy multilayered composites were manufactured by accumulative roll-bonding with large number of cycles. Microstructure of the Mg/Al alloy multilayered composites during ARB process was investigated by optical microscope (OM), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS). Tensile strength at ambient temperature was tested on a tensile testing machine and the fractograph was studied by means of scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the intermetallic compounds, which are formed and grown in the interface of Mg/Al alloy multilayered composites, are significantly refined, and the continuous multilayered morphology of intermetallic compounds is gradually observed with the increasing of the number of ARB cycles. Meanwhile, the bonding degree of layer interfaces is also improved. However, irregular change of the tensile strength is taken place during ARB process.
A nano-calcium carbonate/silane coupling agent (NCC/SCA) master batch was prepared by the reaction of a silane coupling agent (γ-aminopropyl triethoxy silane,trade name KH550) with the hydroxyl groups of the *** tran...
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A nano-calcium carbonate/silane coupling agent (NCC/SCA) master batch was prepared by the reaction of a silane coupling agent (γ-aminopropyl triethoxy silane,trade name KH550) with the hydroxyl groups of the *** transform infrared and thermal gravimetric analysis both indicated that the nanoparticles were grafted by the silane coupling *** epoxy resin was modified by adding the NCC/SCA master batch.A simple dipping test suggested that a better dispersion of the treated NCC in epoxy could be obtained than that of untreated ***, samples of epoxy nano-composites were prepared by a hot press *** compressive property of the epoxy nano-composites was *** results of the mechanical property tests revealed that the compressive strength, elastic modulus and the total fracture work of the epoxy matrix filled with the treated NCC were significantly improved relative to that filled with un-treated NCC.
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