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2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2023

作者： Wang, Xiaolei Tang, Xinyu Zhao, Wayne Xin Wang, Jingyuan Wen, Ji-Rong Gaoling School of Artificial Intelligence Renmin University of China China School of Information Renmin University of China China Beijing Key Laboratory of Big Data Management and Analysis Methods China School of Computer Science and Engineering Beihang University China

ISBN: (纸本)9798891760608

The recent success of large language models (LLMs) has shown great potential to develop more powerful conversational recommender systems (CRSs), which rely on natural language conversations to satisfy user needs. In this paper, we embark on an investigation into the utilization of ChatGPT for CRSs, revealing the inadequacy of the existing evaluation protocol. It might overemphasize the matching with ground-truth items annotated by humans while neglecting the interactive nature of CRSs. To overcome the limitation, we further propose an interactive Evaluation approach based on LLMs, named iEvaLM, which harnesses LLM-based user simulators. Our evaluation approach can simulate various system-user interaction scenarios. Through the experiments on two public CRS datasets, we demonstrate notable improvements compared to the prevailing evaluation protocol. Furthermore, we emphasize the evaluation of explainability, and ChatGPT showcases persuasive explanation generation for its recommendations. Our study contributes to a deeper comprehension of the untapped potential of LLMs for CRSs and provides a more flexible and realistic evaluation approach for future research about LLM-based CRSs. The code is available at https://***/RUCAIBox/iEvaLM-CRS. © 2023 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Computational linguistics

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Angiosperm Genus Classification by RBF-SVM 1

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11th International Conference on Frontiers of Intelligent Computing: Theory and Applications, FICTA 2023

作者： Chen, Shuwen Wang, Jiaji Ni, Yiyang Shao, Jiaqi Qu, Hui Wang, Ziyi School of Physics and Information Engineering Jiangsu Second Normal University Nanjing211200 China Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Basic Education Big Data Application Nanjing211200 China State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves Southeast University Nanjing210096 China

ISBN: (数字)9789819967063

ISBN: (纸本)9789819967056

Angiosperm genus classification performance has plateaued in the last few years. This paper proposed a novel method based on gray-level co-occurrence matrix and radial basis function kernel support vector machine for angiosperm genus classification. We collected a 300-image dataset, 100 are Hibiscus, 100 are Orchis, and the rest 100 are Prunus by digital camera. The results showed that our method achieved an accuracy of 84.73 ± 0.41%. In all, this method is promising in angiosperm genus classification. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Image recognition and empirical application of desert plant species based on convolutional neural network

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第12期14卷 1440-1455页

作者： LI Jicai SUN Shiding JIANG Haoran TIAN Yingjie XU Xiaoliang School of Economics and Management University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Knowledge Management Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Research Center on Fictitious Economy and Data Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

In recent years,deep convolution neural network has exhibited excellent performance in computer vision and has a far-reaching *** plant taxonomic identification requires high expertise,which is *** nature reserves have problems such as incomplete species surveys,inaccurate taxonomic identification,and untimely updating of status *** and accurate recognition of plant images can be achieved by applying convolutional neural network technology to explore the best network *** 24 typical desert plant species that are widely distributed in the nature reserves in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China as the research objects,this study established an image database and select the optimal network model for the image recognition of desert plant species to provide decision support for fine management in the nature reserves in Xinjiang,such as species investigation and monitoring,by using deep *** desert plant species were not included in the public dataset,the images used in this study were mainly obtained through field shooting and downloaded from the Plant Photo Bank of China(PPBC).After the sorting process and statistical analysis,a total of 2331 plant images were finally collected(2071 images from field collection and 260 images from the PPBC),including 24 plant species belonging to 14 families and 22 genera.A large number of numerical experiments were also carried out to compare a series of 37 convolutional neural network models with good performance,from different perspectives,to find the optimal network model that is most suitable for the image recognition of desert plant species in *** results revealed 24 models with a recognition Accuracy,of greater than 70.000%.Among which,Residual Network X_8GF(RegNetX_8GF)performs the best,with Accuracy,Precision,Recall,and F1(which refers to the harmonic mean of the Precision and Recall values)values of 78.33%,77.65%,69.55%,and 71.26%,*** t

关键词： desert plants image recognition deep learning convolutional neural network Residual Network X_8GF(RegNetX_8GF) Mobile Network V2(MobileNetV2) nature reserves

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RSI-Mix: data Augmentation Method for Remote Sensing Image Classification 7

RSI-Mix: Data Augmentation Method for Remote Sensing Image C...

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7th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Signal Processing, ICSP 2022

作者： Lu, Xingshun Zhang, Chao Ye, Qihong Wang, Chao Yang, Chuansheng Wang, Quanqing Zhejiang Ocean University School of Information Engineering Zhoushan China Zhejiang Ocean University Key Laboratory of Oceanographic Big Data Mining and Application of Zhejiang Province Zhoushan China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665478571

data augmentation is a common strategy to improve the performance of computer vision tasks. Regrettably, current data augmentation methods are often designed for images in RGB format and few are studied for remote sensing images. In this paper, we find that the way in which remote sensing data are obtained provides a realistic possibility for cropping images to create new ones. Based on our analyses, we propose RSI-Mix for Sentinel-2 satellite image classification. RSI-Mix is designed to cut and paste two remote sensing images of the same category according to random masks. The key inspiration of RSI-Mix is that the classification of remote sensing images is not strictly based on image texture but based on band features. The information fusion of the same area from different sources is beneficial to make an area contain more band features. Experiments show that the model with RSI-Mix is more stable and has higher performance. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Image classification

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FIRE: combining multi-stage filtering with taint analysis for scalable recurring vulnerability detection 24

FIRE: combining multi-stage filtering with taint analysis fo...

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Proceedings of the 33rd USENIX Conference on Security Symposium

作者： Siyue Feng Yueming Wu Wenjie Xue Sikui Pan Deqing Zou Yang Liu Hai Jin National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Cluster and Grid Computing Lab and School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China Nanyang Technological University Singapore National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Cluster and Grid Computing Lab and School of Cyber Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and Technology China and Jinyinhu Laboratory China National Engineering Research Center for Big Data Technology and System Services Computing Technology and System Lab Hubei Key Laboratory of Distributed System Security Hubei Engineering Research Center on Big Data Security Cluster and Grid Computing Lab and School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology China

ISBN: (纸本)9781939133441

With the continuous development of software open-sourcing, the reuse of open-source software has led to a significant increase in the occurrence of recurring vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities often arise through the practice of copying and pasting existing vulnerabilities. Many methods have been proposed for detecting recurring vulnerabilities, but they often struggle to ensure both high efficiency and consideration of semantic information about vulnerabilities and patches. In this paper, we introduce FIRE, a scalable method for large-scale recurring vulnerability detection. It utilizes multi-stage filtering and differential taint paths to achieve precise clone vulnerability scanning at an extensive scale. In our evaluation across ten open-source software projects, FIRE demonstrates a precision of 90.0% in detecting 298 recurring vulnerabilities out of 385 ground truth instance. This surpasses the performance of existing advanced recurring vulnerability detection tools, detecting 31.4% more vulnerabilities than VUDDY and 47.0% more than MOVERY. When detecting vulnerabilities in large-scale software, FIRE outperforms MOVERY by saving about twice the time, enabling the scanning of recurring vulnerabilities on an ultra-large scale.

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An Exact Potential Game-Based End-Edge-Cloud Collaborative Task Offloading Approach 19

An Exact Potential Game-Based End-Edge-Cloud Collaborative T...

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2022 IEEE SmartWorld, 19th IEEE International Conference on Ubiquitous Intelligence and Computing, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Autonomous and Trusted Vehicles Conference, 22nd IEEE International Conference on Scalable Computing and Communications, 2022 IEEE International Conference on Digital Twin, 8th IEEE International Conference on Privacy Computing and 2022 IEEE International Conference on Metaverse, SmartWorld/UIC/ATC/ScalCom/DigitalTwin/PriComp/Metaverse 2022

作者： Shen, Yue Liu, Bowen Dai, Fei Dou, Wanchun Nanjing University State Key Laboratory for Novel Software Technology Nanjing China Shenzhen China Southwest Forestry University College of Big Data and Intelligent Engineering Kunming China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350346558

With the development of Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT), massive industrial devices produce a large number of delay-sensitive and computing-intensive tasks. Offloading tasks under the end-edge-cloud collaboration mode can improve the efficiency of completing tasks. However, on the one hand, tasks need to be finished before corresponding deadlines and pay for consuming resources, so delay and cost constitute the main factors affecting task offloading decisions. On the other hand, limited real-time resources in the system may not meet the needs of all devices, so we should ensure that as many devices can complete tasks on time as possible while optimizing task delay and cost of each device. To tackle the challenges, we propose an end-edge-cloud collaborative task offloading approach based on exact potential game. Aiming at optimizing delay-cost of each device and task completion rate of the whole system, the end-edge-cloud collaborative task offloading problem is modeled as an exact potential game and solved. Extensive experiments show that the approach can improve the task completion rate of the system while optimizing the delay-cost of each device. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Edge computing

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Learning Group-Disentangled Representation for Interpretable Thoracic Pathologic Prediction

Learning Group-Disentangled Representation for Interpretable...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2022

作者： Li, Hao Wu, Yirui Hu, Hexuan Lu, Hu Lai, Yong Wan, Shaohua Hohai University Key Laboratory of Water Big Data Technology of Ministry of Water Resources China College of Computer and Information Hohai University China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University China School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering Jiangsu University China Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study University of Electronic Science and Technology of China China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468190

Deep learning methods have shown significant performance in medical image analysis tasks. However, they generally act like 'black box' without explanations in both feature extraction and decision processes, leading to lack of clinical insights and high risk assessments. To aid deep learning in envisioning diseases with visual clues, we propose Representation Group-Disentangling Network (RGD-Net), which can completely disentangle feature space of input X-ray images into several independent feature groups, each corresponding to a specific disease. Taking several semantically related and labeled X-ray images as input, RGD-Net firstly extracts completely group-disentangled representations of diseases through Group-Disentangle Module, which applies group-swap and linking operations to construct latent space by enforcing semantic consistency of attributes. To prevent learning degenerate representations defined as shortcut problem, we further introduce adversarial constricts on mapping from features to diseases, thus avoiding model collapse with former free-form disentanglement. Experiments on chestxray-14 and ChestXpert datasets demonstrate that RGD-Net are effective in predicting diseases with remarkable advantages, which leverage potential factors contributing to different diseases, thus enhancing interpretability in working patterns of deep learning methods. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Forecasting

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SGSH: Stimulate Large Language Models with Skeleton Heuristics for knowledge Base Question Generation

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Guo, Shasha Liao, Lizi Zhang, Jing Wang, Yanling Li, Cuiping Chen, Hong School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education China Singapore Management University Singapore Zhongguancun Laboratory China

knowledge base question generation (KBQG) aims to generate natural language questions from a set of triplet facts extracted from KB. Existing methods have significantly boosted the performance of KBQG via pre-trained language models (PLMs) thanks to the richly endowed semantic knowledge. With the advance of pre-training techniques, large language models (LLMs) (e.g., GPT-3.5) undoubtedly possess much more semantic knowledge. Therefore, how to effectively organize and exploit the abundant knowledge for KBQG becomes the focus of our study. In this work, we propose SGSH — a simple and effective framework to Stimulate GPT-3.5 with Skeleton Heuristics to enhance KBQG. The framework incorporates "skeleton heuristics", which provides more fine-grained guidance associated with each input to stimulate LLMs to generate optimal questions, encompassing essential elements like the question phrase and the auxiliary verb. More specifically, we devise an automatic data construction strategy leveraging ChatGPT to construct a skeleton training dataset, based on which we employ a soft prompting approach to train a BART model dedicated to generating the skeleton associated with each input. Subsequently, skeleton heuristics are encoded into the prompt to incentivize GPT-3.5 to generate desired questions. Extensive experiments demonstrate that SGSH derives the new state-of-the-art performance on the KBQG tasks. The code is now available on Github1 Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Analysis on the causes of massive stranding of Yellow Sea green tide on Lianyungang and Rizhao coasts in 2022

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2024年第3期42卷 816-830页

作者： Lingjuan WU Juan HUANG Yi DING Guiyan LIU Shuai HUANG Song GAO Chao YUAN Jiangling XU Ping WU Rui HUANG Ruobing WEN Jie MEI North China Sea Marine Forecasting and Hazard Mitigation Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266061China Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Qingdao 266061China National Engineering Laboratory for Integrated Aero-Space-Ground-Ocean Big Data Application Technology Xi’an 710129China East China Sea Marine Forecasting and Hazard Mitigation Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesShanghai 200136China North China Sea Ecological Center Ministry of Natural ResourcesQingdao 266033China

In 2022,Yellow Sea green tide caused by Ulva prolifera reached a historic minimum and the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula were less ***,the largest amount of seaweed biomass has been washed ashore on Lianyungang and Rizhao coasts since *** studied the development pattern of Yellow Sea green tide in 2022,and analyzed the key environmental factors on the growth and drifting,then discussed the possible reasons that resulted in the massive stranding of green tide biomass in Lianyungang and *** show under the combined influence of the east to southeast winds and currents with shoreward anomalies,green tide drifted to the coastal waters between Shandong and Jiangsu provinces and the distribution areas located westward compared with previous years(2008–2021).Floating *** rafts from the coastal waters of Binhai and Sheyang drifted continuously into the coastal waters of Lianyungang and Rizhao,providing important supplements for Yellow Sea green *** green tide in 2022 distributed close to the coastal waters,the abundant nutrients might support their continuous high growth *** addition,the amount of rainfall around Shandong Peninsula from late June to early July were significantly higher than in previous years,which might promote the development of green tide to some extent.

关键词： Yellow Sea green tide stranding biomass development pattern environmental factor

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A Query Optimization Method Utilizing Large Language Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yao, Zhiming Li, Haoyang Zhang, Jing Li, Cuiping Chen, Hong School of Information Renmin University of China Beijing China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering MOE China Engineering Research Center of Database and Business Intelligence MOE China

Query optimization is a critical task in database systems, focused on determining the most efficient way to execute a query from an enormous set of possible strategies. Traditional approaches rely on heuristic search methods and cost predictions, but these often struggle with the complexity of the search space and inaccuracies in performance estimation, leading to suboptimal plan choices. This paper presents LLMOpt, a novel framework that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to address these challenges through two innovative components: (1) LLM for Plan Candidate Generation (LLMOpt(G)), which eliminates heuristic search by utilizing the reasoning abilities of LLMs to directly generate high-quality query plans, and (2) LLM for Plan Candidate Selection (LLMOpt(S)), a list-wise cost model that compares candidates globally to enhance selection accuracy. To adapt LLMs for query optimization, we propose fine-tuning pre-trained models using optimization data collected offline. Experimental results on the JOB, JOB-EXT, and Stack benchmarks show that LLMOpt(G) and LLMOpt(S) outperform state-of-the-art methods, including PostgreSQL, BAO, and HybridQO. Notably, LLMOpt(S) achieves the best practical performance, striking a balance between plan quality and inference efficiency. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Structured Query Language

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