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Hierarchical Alignment-enhanced Adaptive Grounding Network for Generalized Referring Expression Comprehension

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Wang, Yaxian Ding, Henghui He, Shuting Jiang, Xudong Wei, Bifan Liu, Jun School of Computer Science and Technology Xi'an Jiaotong University China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Intelligent Networks and Network Security Xi'an Jiaotong University China Institute of Big Data Fudan University China Shanghai University of Finance and Economics China Nanyang Technological University Singapore School of Continuing Education Xi'an Jiaotong University China Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Big Data Knowledge Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University China

In this work, we address the challenging task of Generalized Referring Expression Comprehension (GREC). Compared to the classic Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) that focuses on single-target expressions, GREC extends the scope to a more practical setting by further encompassing notarget and multi-target expressions. Existing REC methods face challenges in handling the complex cases encountered in GREC, primarily due to their fixed output and limitations in multi-modal representations. To address these issues, we propose a Hierarchical Alignment-enhanced Adaptive Grounding Network (HieA2G) for GREC, which can flexibly deal with various types of referring expressions. First, a Hierarchical Multi-modal Semantic Alignment (HMSA) module is proposed to incorporate three levels of alignments, including word-object, phrase-object, and text-image alignment. It enables hierarchical cross-modal interactions across multiple levels to achieve comprehensive and robust multi-modal understanding, greatly enhancing grounding ability for complex cases. Then, to address the varying number of target objects in GREC, we introduce an Adaptive Grounding Counter (AGC) to dynamically determine the number of output targets. Additionally, an auxiliary contrastive loss is employed in AGC to enhance object-counting ability by pulling in multi-modal features with the same counting and pushing away those with different counting. Extensive experimental results show that HieA2G achieves new state-of-the-art performance on the challenging GREC task and also the other 4 tasks, including REC, Phrase Grounding, Referring Expression Segmentation (RES), and Generalized Referring Expression Segmentation (GRES), demonstrating the remarkable superiority and generalizability of the proposed HieA2G. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electric grounding

Fuzzy Preference Completion with Ranked and Unranked Preferences

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Cognitive Computation 2025年第3期17卷 1-21页

作者： Li, Lei Liu, Pan Zhang, Renjie Tao, Zhenchao Wu, Xindong Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (the Ministry of Education of China) Hefei University of Technology Hefei China School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei China Department of Radiation Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Department of Radiation Oncology Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital Hefei China

As for social choice, all alternatives are ranked by agents to form preferences as linear orders. However, in applications, sometimes some alternatives cannot be ranked, or it is unnecessary to rank them, which leads to unranked alternatives. Hence, without loss of generality, by dividing the set of alternatives into three ranked and unranked subsets, including top-k alternatives, intermediate-r alternatives, and last-l alternatives, the Mallows model on ranked and unranked preferences can be analyzed systematically. Technically, a repeated insertion model is adopted during sampling, and probability distributions are derived for ranked and unranked preferences of alternatives. Experimental results verify the accuracy of the probability distributions for different ranked and unranked preferences of alternatives. Furthermore, in order to solve the preference completion problem where agents have multiple partial rankings, a fuzzy preference completion algorithm, Fuzzy-Multi-Rankings, is proposed, which introduces a fuzzy ranking to complete the target agent’s preference in addition to the traditional nearest-neighbor-based methods. Based on the three ranked and unranked preferences, seven cases can be classified and analyzed for fuzzy preference completion. Experiments on the synthetic datasets and MovieLens dataset confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed Fuzzy-Multi-Rankings algorithm and also verify the accuracy of the evaluated probability distributions for the proposed seven cases.

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PEJA:Progressive Energy-Efficient Join Processing for Sensor Networks

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2008年第6期23卷 957-972页

作者：赖永炫陈毅隆陈红 School of Information Renmin University of China Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education

Sensor networks are widely used in many applications to collaboratively collect information from the physical environment. In these applications, the exploration of the relationship and linkage of sensing data within multiple regions can be naturally expressed by joining tuples in these regions. However, the highly distributed and resource-constraint nature of the network makes join a challenging query. In this paper, we address the problem of processing join query among different regions progressively and energy-efficiently in sensor networks. The proposed algorithm PEJA （Progressive Energy-efficient Join Algorithm） adopts an event-driven strategy to output the joining results as soon as possible, and alleviates the storage shortage problem in the in-network nodes. It also installs filters in the joining regions to prune unmatchable tuples in the early processing phase, saving lots of unnecessary transmissions. Extensive experiments on both synthetic and real world data sets indicate that the PEJA scheme outperforms other join algorithms, and it is effective in reducing the number of transmissions and the delay of query results during the join processing.

关键词： progressive join minimal join set in-network processing sensor network

Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation Based on Frequency Domain Aware Stable Consistency Regularization

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Journal of imaging informatics in medicine 2025年 2025 Jan 22页

作者： Yihao Ouyang Peipei Li Haixiang Zhang Xuegang Hu Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (the Ministry of Education of China) Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 Anhui China. School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 Anhui China. School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 Anhui China. peipeili@***. Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui China. peipeili@***. Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM Anhui Medical University Hefei Anhui China. Computer Centre The Second People's Hospital of Hefei Hefei 230011 Anhui China. Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industry Safety and Emergency Technology Hefei University of Technology Hefei 230009 Anhui China.

With the advancement of deep learning models nowadays, they have successfully applied in the semi-supervised medical image segmentation where there are few annotated medical images and a large number of unlabeled ones. A representative approach in this regard is the semi-supervised method based on consistency regularization, which improves model training by imposing consistency constraints (perturbations) on unlabeled data. However, the perturbations in this kind of methods are often artificially designed, which may introduce biases unfavorable to the model learning in the handling of medical image segmentation. On the other hand, the majority of such methods often overlook the supervision in the Encoder stage of training and primarily focus on the outcomes in the later stages, potentially leading to chaotic learning in the initial phase and subsequently impacting the learning process of the model in the later stages. At the meanwhile, they miss the intrinsic spatial-frequency information of the images. Therefore, in this study, we propose a new semi-supervised medical image segmentation approach based on frequency domain aware stable consistency regularization. Specifically, to avoid the bias introduced by artificially setting perturbations, we first utilize the inherent frequency domain information of images, including both high and low frequencies, as the consistency constraint. Secondly, we incorporate supervision in the Encoder stage of model training to ensure that the model does not fail to learn due to the disruption of the original feature space caused by strong augmentation. Finally, extensive experimentation validates the effectiveness of our semi-supervised approach.

关键词： Consistency regularization Frequency domain Medical image segmentation Semi-supervision

SwimVG: Step-wise Multimodal Fusion and Adaption for Visual Grounding

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Shi, Liangtao Liu, Ting Hu, Xiantao Hu, Yue Yin, Quanjun Hong, Richang Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data Hefei University of Technology Hefei230009 China Ministry of Education and School of Computer Science and Information Engineering Hefei University of Technology Hefei230009 China School of systems engineering National University of Defense Technology Hunan Province Changsha410073 China Department of Computer Science and Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing210014 China

Visual grounding aims to ground an image region through natural language, which heavily relies on cross-modal alignment. Most existing methods transfer visual/linguistic knowledge separately by fully fine-tuning uni-modal pre-trained models, followed by a simple stack of visual-language transformers for multimodal fusion. However, these approaches not only limit adequate interaction between visual and linguistic contexts, but also incur significant computational costs. Therefore, to address these issues, we explore a step-wise multimodal fusion and adaption framework, namely SwimVG. Specifically, SwimVG proposes step-wise multimodal prompts (Swip) and cross-modal interactive adapters (CIA) for visual grounding, replacing the cumbersome transformer stacks for multimodal fusion. Swip can improve the alignment between the vision and language representations step by step, in a token-level fusion manner. In addition, weight-level CIA further promotes multimodal fusion by cross-modal interaction. Swip and CIA are both parameter-efficient paradigms, and they fuse the cross-modal features from shallow to deep layers gradually. Experimental results on four widely-used benchmarks demonstrate that SwimVG achieves remarkable abilities and considerable benefits in terms of efficiency. Our code is available at https://***/liuting20/SwimVG. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Visual languages

Big data challenge： a data management perspective

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2013年第2期7卷 157-164页

作者： Jinchuan CHEN Yueguo CHEN Xiaoyong DU Cuiping LI Jiaheng LU Suyun ZHAO Xuan ZHOU Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering School of Information Renmin University of China China Beijing 100872

There is a trend that, virtually everyone, rang- ing from big Web companies to traditional enterprisers to physical science researchers to social scientists, is either al- ready experiencing or anticipating unprecedented growth in the amount of data available in their world, as well as new op- portunities and great untapped value. This paper reviews big data challenges from a data management respective. In partic- ular, we discuss big data diversity, big data reduction, big data integration and cleaning, big data indexing and query, and fi- nally big data analysis and mining. Our survey gives a brief overview about big-data-oriented research and problems.

关键词： big data performance databases

DeepSeek: Paradigm Shifts and Technical Evolution in Large AI Models

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第5期12卷 841-858页

作者： Xiong, Luolin Wang, Haofen Chen, Xi Sheng, Lu Xiong, Yun Liu, Jingping Xiao, Yanghua Chen, Huajun Han, Qing-Long Tang, Yang Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Process System Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Smart Manufacturing in Energy Chemical Process Shanghai 200237 China College of Design and Innovation Tongji University Shanghai 200092 China School of Computer Science Fudan University Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science Shanghai 200433 China School of Software Beihang University Beijing 100191 China School of Information Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China College of Computer Science and Technology Zhejiang University AZFT Joint Laboratory for Knowledge Engine Hangzhou Innovation Center Hangzhou 310058 China School of Science Computing and Engineering Technologies Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne 3122 VIC Australia

DeepSeek, a Chinese artificial intelligence (AI) startup, has released their V3 and R1 series models, which attracted global attention due to their low cost, high performance, and open-source advantages. This paper begins by reviewing the evolution of large AI models focusing on paradigm shifts, the mainstream large language model (LLM) paradigm, and the DeepSeek paradigm. Subsequently, the paper highlights novel algorithms introduced by DeepSeek, including multi-head latent attention (MLA), mixture-of-experts (MoE), multi-token prediction (MTP), and group relative policy optimization (GRPO). The paper then explores DeepSeek's engineering breakthroughs in LLM scaling, training, inference, and system-level optimization architecture. Moreover, the impact of DeepSeek models on the competitive AI landscape is analyzed, comparing them to mainstream LLMs across various fields. Finally, the paper reflects on the insights gained from DeepSeek's innovations and discusses future trends in the technical and engineering development of large AI models, particularly in data, training, and reasoning. © 2014 Chinese Association of Automation.

关键词： DeepSeek large AI models reasoning capability reinforcement learning test-time scaling

Joint Optimization of UAV-Carried IRS for Urban Low Altitude mmWave Communications with Deep Reinforcement Learning

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Xie, Wenwen Sun, Geng Liu, Bei Li, Jiahui Wang, Jiacheng Du, Hongyang Niyato, Dusit Kim, Dong In The College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore The College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore The Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong Kong 999077 Hong Kong The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon16419 Korea Republic of

Emerging technologies in sixth generation (6G) of wireless communications, such as terahertz communication and ultra-massive multiple-input multiple-output, present promising prospects. Despite the high data rate potential of millimeter wave communications, millimeter wave (mmWave) communications in urban low altitude economy (LAE) environments are constrained by challenges such as signal attenuation and multipath interference. Specially, in urban environments, mmWave communication experiences significant attenuation due to buildings, owing to its short wavelength, which necessitates developing innovative approaches to improve the robustness of such communications in LAE networking. In this paper, we explore the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-carried intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) to support low altitude mmWave communication. Specifically, we consider a typical urban low altitude communication scenario where a UAV-carried IRS establishes a line-of-sight (LoS) channel between the mobile users and a source user (SU) despite the presence of obstacles. Subsequently, we formulate an optimization problem aimed at maximizing the transmission rates and minimizing the energy consumption of the UAV by jointly optimizing phase shifts of the IRS and UAV trajectory. Given the non-convex nature of the problem and its high dynamics, we propose a deep reinforcement learning-based approach incorporating neural episodic control, long short-term memory, and an IRS phase shift control method to enhance the stability and accelerate the convergence. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm effectively resolves the problem and surpasses other benchmark algorithms in various performances. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning

Low-altitude Friendly-Jamming for Satellite-Maritime Communications via Generative AI-enabled Deep Reinforcement Learning

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Huang, Jiawei Wang, Aimin Sun, Geng Li, Jiahui Wang, Jiacheng Niyato, Dusit Leung, Victor C.M. College of Computer Science and Technology Jilin University Changchun130012 China Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China College of Computer Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Symbolic Computation and Knowledge Engineering of Ministry of Education Jilin University Changchun130012 China College of Computing and Data Science Nanyang Technological University Singapore639798 Singapore Artificial Intelligence Research Institute Shenzhen MSU-BIT University Shenzhen518115 China College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen518060 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of British Columbia VancouverV6T 1Z4 Canada

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites can be used to assist maritime wireless communications for data transmission across wide-ranging areas. However, extensive coverage of LEO satellites, combined with openness of channels, can cause the communication process to suffer from security risks. This paper presents a low-altitude friendly-jamming LEO satellite-maritime communication system enabled by a unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to ensure data security at the physical layer. Since such a system requires trade-off policies that balance the secrecy rate and energy consumption of the UAV to meet evolving scenario demands, we formulate a secure satellite-maritime communication multi-objective optimization problem (SSMCMOP). In order to solve the dynamic and long-term optimization problem, we reformulate it into a Markov decision process. We then propose a transformer-enhanced soft actor critic (TransSAC) algorithm, which is a generative artificial intelligence-enable deep reinforcement learning approach to solve the reformulated problem, so that capturing global dependencies and diversely exploring weights. Simulation results demonstrate that the TransSAC outperforms various baselines, and achieves an optimal secrecy rate while effectively minimizing the energy consumption of the UAV. Moreover, the results find more suitable constraint values for the system. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization