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Insights of carbon reduction practices from Winter Olympics 2022

Science Bulletin 2024年第13期69卷 2034-2037页

作者： Xiaoyong Liao Shuai Zhong Jie Huang Zhu Liu Ayman Elshkaki You Li Lei Shen Yingli He Li An Yidong Zhu Wenhao Sun Tao Liang Jiaoe Wang Jinwei Dong Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory for Resources Use and Environmental Remediation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Concerns about the carbon emissions of mega-events revolve,mainly due to the impactful demonstration effects they ***,accurate monitoring of these emissions is crucial during such events[1].The Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games Beijing 2022(hereinafter“Winter Olympics 2022”)are recognized as the first Games to pay close attention to a wide range of emissions associated with all stages of the *** of emerging carbon reduction technologies,such as low-carbon materials and technologies,have shown promising effects on efforts to achieve carbon neutrality[2].The impacts of individual measures,such as Olympic infrastructure construction.

关键词： Winter emissions carbon

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Mapping the spatial and temporal patterns of fallow land in mountainous regions of China

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2022年第1期15卷 2148-2167页

作者： Wen Song Alexander V.Prishchepov Wei Song Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China School of Geomatics and Urban Spatial Informatics Beijing University of Civil Engineering and ArchitectureBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management (IGN) University of CopenhagenKøbenhavn KDenmark Department of Theoretical Cybernetics and Applied Mathematics Altai State UniversityBarnaulRussia

The rapid growth of the global population has resulted in a continuous increase in cropland intensity and a shortening of the fallow period as part of the cropland rotation ***,there is a lack of systematic knowledge on the extent of fallow lands,particularly in complex landscapes,such as the mountainous regions of *** fill this knowledge gap,taking Yuanyang County(YYC),Yunnan Province,China,as a case study,we tested a method to identify the spatial-temporal distribution of fallow land by mapping cropland with landsat *** overall accuracy of land cover classification,including cropland,ranged between 90.1%and 95.8%from 1998 to *** average accuracy of fallow plots was 75.7%from 2001 to *** annual fallow rate varied between 8.3%and 54.3%,with an average of 20.7%.Kernel density estimated with the probability density function showed that fallow varied between 5 and 13 blocks per km2,gradually decreasing from the central area to the *** elevation,the low value of regional domestic products,and the increased distance to rural settlements were closely related to the higher proportions of fallow *** approach presented here can be applied to map fallow land in other regions.

关键词： Remote sensing fallow land kernel density time series China

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Vertical differentiation of land cover in the central Himalayas

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第6期30卷 969-987页

作者： ZHANG Yili WU Xue ZHENG Du Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Re-sources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Characterized by obvious altitudinal variation,habitat complexity,and diversity in land cover,the *** region within the central Himalayas is one of the most sensitive areas to climate change in the *** the same time,because the *** region possesses the most complete natural vertical spectrum in the world,it is also an ideal place to study the vertical structure of alpine land *** this study,land cover data for 2010 along with digital elevation model data were used to define three methods for dividing the northern and southern slopes in the *** region,i.e.,the ridgeline method,the sample transect method,and the sector *** altitudinal distributions of different land cover types were then investigated for both the northern and southern slopes of the *** region by using the above three division methods along with ArcGIS and MATLAB *** results indicate that the land cover in the study region was characterized by obviously vertical zonation with the south-six and north-four pattern of vertical spectrum that reflected both the natural vertical structure of vegetation and the effects of human *** low to high elevation,the main land cover types were forests,grasslands,sparse vegetation,bare land,and glacler/snow *** compositions and distributions of land cover types differed significantly between the northern and southern slopes;the southern slope exhibited more complex land cover distributions with wider elevation ranges than the northern *** area proportion of each land cover type also varied with ***,the vertical distribution patterns of different land cover types on the southern and northern slopes could be divided into four categories,with glaciers/snow cover,sparse vegetation,and grasslands conforming to unimodal *** distribution of bare land followed a unimodal pattern on the southern slope but a bimodal pattern on the northern ***,the use o

关键词： land cover altitudinal zonation central Himalayas Mt.Qomolangma Mt.Makalu Mt.Cho Oyu

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Weakened maize phenological response to climate warming in China over 1981‒2018 due to cultivar shifts

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2022年第5期13卷 710-720页

作者： Yu-Chuan LUO Zhao ZHANG Liang-Liang ZHANG Jing ZHANG Fu-Lu TAO Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management Ministry of Emergency Management&Ministry of Education School of National Safety and Emergency ManagementBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049 China Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) Helsinki 00790Finland

Assessing climate change impacts on crop phenology is essential for developing adaptation *** better understand crop response and adaptation to climate change,there is an urgent need to investigate whether the impacts weakens and how crops responds to recent climate warming,as well as the roles of different drivers in crop phenology ***,we analyzed the spatiotemporal changes in maize phenology and the underlying mechanisms over 1981–2018 using up-to-date 6106 phenological observations at 327 agro-meteorological stations in *** found that during 1981–2018 maize sowing and maturity dates were generally delayed by 0.6 and 1.2 d per decade,respectively,whereas heading date was advanced by 0.9 d per *** phenology was most negatively correlated with rising minimum temperature(night-time warming),followed by maximum(daytime)temperature,and least by mean *** trends in maize phenology and the correlation between growth periods and temperature generally declined from 1981 to 1999 to 2000–2018 for both spring and summer maize,although climate warming during growth period did not slow *** phenological response to temperature weakened mainly owing to agricultural managements,especially cultivar *** change shortened growth period by 3.4 and 1.7 d per decade but cultivar shifts prolonged it by 4.5 and 2.1 d per decade for spring and summer maize,*** study highlights that maize phenology is more sensitive to night-time warming than daytime warming,and cultivar shifts far outweigh climate *** findings foster the understanding of spatiotemporal dynamics of maize phenology and its drivers,which can benefit to develop effective climate change adaptation options for different regions.

关键词： Maize Climate change Phenology Adaptation Cultivars shift

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Global occurrence, food web transfer, and human health risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in biota

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 958卷 177969页

作者： Xie, Jingqian Lan, Ruo Zhang, Li Yu, Jun Liu, Xinran You, Zhiyang Yang, Fen Lin, Tian College of Oceanography and Ecological Science Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai201306 China Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou510301 China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread organic pollutants that pose significant health risks due to their bioaccumulation in the biota. This study examines the global distribution of PAHs in biota, identifies key factors influencing using boosted regression tree (BRT) models, analyzes their transfer through trophic magnification factors (TMF), and evaluates health risks using the EPA risk assessment model. Research on PAHs has grown from 1978 to 2023, peaking in 2021, with 171 out of 241 studies (71.1 %) focusing on marine ecosystems. The highest PAH concentrations are observed in the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, and North American coastal regions, primarily influenced by industrial and human activities, such as factory emissions and ship transport. BRT analysis shows region factors and feeding habitats significantly influence PAH levels. TMF analysis shows that biodilution is the main mechanism for PAH attenuation, with concentrations decreasing as trophic levels increase. Additionally, health risk assessment further illustrate that toxicity equivalent (TEQ) values are highest in Egypt and Turkey. Across all populations in Egypt, the United States, Turkey, Portugal, and China, as well as children in Portugal and Sweden, there are potential risks from aquatic product consumption (10−6 −4), with CRI values positively correlated with liver cancer incidence. While hazard quotients (HQ) © 2024

关键词： Aromatization

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Cropping patterns for Phenology Stability and Resource Conservation Under Extreme Climates

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Ahmad, Aqeel Liu, Yujie Institute of Agricultural Sciences University of the Punjab Punjab Lahore Pakistan Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100101 China

CONTEXTCultivation pattern is the foundation stone of agriculture policy, enabling farmers to perform various farming operations efficiently. In the meantime, with an elevating frequency of extreme climate hits, it is imperative to devise low-cost strategies to anticipate disastrous climates and achieve regional food security even in the regions facing typhoons, floods, and extreme *** primarily aimed to evaluate the crop cultivation patterns, focusing on their intrinsic climate mitigation potential and phenological stability to secure sufficient ***, the study was performed in three phases, (i) crop type evaluation, (ii) cultivation pattern analysis, and (iii) cropping area analysis. In the first phase, the study used the climate data of 1979-2020 with reference to seven crop types (i.e., grains, oilseed, vegetables, beans, peas, nuts, and tubers) and evaluated yield reductions and phenological *** AND CONCLUSIONSThe results showed that tubers and nuts were the most resilient crops to extreme environmental events. Whereas grains (conventional staple crops) and oilseed (the essential food crops) were most vulnerable to extreme climatic hits. Time-course phenological stability was higher in nuts and tubers, which possessed elevated resistance against phenological shifts. In the second phase, intercropping was highlighted as a better cultivation pattern;however, the recommended cultivation pattern was agroforestry due to its significant advantages over alley cropping, forest farming and windbreaks. The third phase recommended incorporating windbreak plants in the perpendicular single-row formation with an inter-row distance of 20 r (r - horizontal radius of the tree canopy).SIGNIFICANCEOverall, the study aligns the fundamental aspects of agroecology with redesigning crop cultivation policies and has global implications in the agricultural systems to mitigate extreme environments and ensure food security. © 2023, The Auth

关键词： Cultivation

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Conversion of biochar into sulfonate-bearing solid acids used for the hydrolysis of tylosin:the effect of aromaticity and degree of condensation

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Biochar 2023年第1期5卷 1514-1526页

作者： Qianqian Xie Xiao Yang Binoy Sarkar Xiaomin Dou Piumi Amasha Withana Yong Sik Ok College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101People’s Republic of China Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Korea Biochar Research Center APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program&Division of Environmental Science and Ecological EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoul 02841Republic of Korea International ESG Association(IESGA) Seoul 06621Republic of Korea

In the last few decades,sulfonated carbon materials have garnered significant attention as Brøsted solid acid *** sulfonation process and catalytic activity of sulfonated biochar can be influenced by the aromaticity and degree of condensation exhibited by ***,the relationships between the aromaticity,sulfonating ability,and resultant catalytic activity are not fully *** this study,biochar samples pyrolyzed at 300-650℃ exhibiting different aromaticity and degrees of condensation were sulfonated and employed as sulfonate-bearing solid catalysts for hydrolytically removing *** exhibited excellent hydrolytic performance and their kinetic constants were positively correlated with the total acidity and negatively correlated with their *** study has uncovered the relationship between the structure,properties,sulfonating ability,and subsequent hydrolytic performance of biochar *** was observed that the aromaticity of biochar decreased as the pyrolysis temperature *** pyrolysis temperatures resulted in a reduced degree of condensation,smaller ring size,and an increased number of ring edge sites available for sulfonation,ultimately leading to enhanced catalytic *** findings provide valuable insights into the fundamental chemistry behind sulfonation upgrading of biochar,with the aim of developing functional catalysts for mitigating antibiotics in contaminated water.

关键词： Biochar upgrading Sulfonation Hydrolytic mitigation Tylosin removal Biochar-based solid acids

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How farmers’non-agricultural employment affects rural land circulation in China?

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第3期30卷 378-400页

作者： WANG Jiayue XIN Liangjie WANG Yahui Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Geographical Science Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China

To clarify the impact of non-agricultural employment on rural land circulation in China,we built logit models using the Chinese Household Income Project 2013 dataset,which includes 18,948 household samples over 15 provinces,126 cities and 234 counties of China in *** use the proportion of non-agricultural income,the proportion of non-agricultural laborers and non-agricultural fixed operating assets to reflect the degree of the households’dependence on agriculture,the degree of the households’laborers committed to non-agricultural employment and the stability of non-agricultural employment,*** results show that the stability of non-agricultural employment is an important reason for farmers to transfer out their land,and an increase in non-agricultural income is the fundamental *** proportion of non-agricultural assets has the greatest impact on the decision to transfer land,followed by the proportion of non-agricultural *** unit increase in the non-agricultural income ratio has a stronger effect on the transfer-out decision than it does on the transfer-in decision,which is a 0.09 increase of the probability of transfer-out the land and a 0.07 decrease of the probability of transfer-in the *** terms of regional differences,when considering the impact of non-agricultural employment on the land transfer-out decision,the impacts of non-agricultural income and labor force are the greatest in the Central *** impact of non-agricultural assets is the greatest in the Eastern *** the Eastern region,the decision to transfer out land is mainly affected by non-agricultural assets and the non-agricultural labor force,and the decision to transfer in land is mainly affected by non-agricultural *** the Central and Western regions,the decision to transfer out land is mainly affected by non-agricultural assets,non-agricultural income and the non-agricultural labor force,in that *** decision to transfer in land in the Central

关键词： farmers’non-agricultural employment rural land circulation moderate scale management China CHIP2013 dataset

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The Research on Optimization of Rice Phenology simulation Based on Bayesian Model Averaging

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Zheng, Jinhui Zhang, Shuai Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research CAS Beijing100101 China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China

With the development of crop models, crop phenology models are widely used to simulate crop growth processes. The accuracy of crop phenology simulations using individual models varies, each with its strengths. The phenology simulation results of multi-model ensemble may be also not the best. Bayesian model averaging (BMA) accurately estimates model weights according to model simulation performance and has been widely used in many fields to get the best simulation by averaging multi-model simulations. This paper uses BMA to improve the simulation performance of phenology growth for rice from five phenology models in China. Firstly, five widely used rice phenology models (CERES-Rice, Beta model, ORYZA2000, RCM, and SIMRIW) are calibrated and validated based on rice phenology observation data from 1981 to 2009. The calibrated models have well performances for simulating the phenology of rice, with average RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) ranging from 3.98 to 4.43 days. Then, to optimize the phenology simulation results, BMA and the mean values of multi-model ensembles (Mean-MMEs) are applied to the phenology simulations from the five rice phenology models. The result indicates that the accuracies of the results from Mean-MMEs and BMA are improved by 11.48% and 12.75%, respectively. BMA performs the best, effectively optimizing the phenology simulation results of the individual model. The future climate scenario is constructed from Regional Integrated Environmental Model System (RIEMS). Under future climate scenarios, the phenology predictions of BMA, Mean-MMEs, and the five models all show that the vegetative growth period (VGP) and reproductive growth period (RGP) are shortened by 0.26-4.17 days;but in northeast China, they are prolonged by 0.39-4.44 days. Specifically, the five models predict a range of 0.40-9.78 days in the phenological period, while Mean-MMEs and BMA predict a smaller range of 0.54-1.63 days, which shows the MMEs reduce the uncertainty of the individu

关键词： Climate change

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Evaluating the reliability of global historical land use scenarios for forest data in China

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2020年第7期30卷 1083-1094页

作者： YANG Fan HE Fanneng LI Meijiao LI Shicheng Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Public Administration China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

Global historical land use scenarios are widely used to simulate the climatic and ecological effects of changes in land cover;however,reliability evaluation of these scenarios for data on China’s forests is *** using a historical document-derived Chinese forest dataset(CHFD)for the years 1700–2000,we evaluated the reliability of data on forests in China over three global scenarios-SAGE(Center for Sustainability and the Global Environment),PJ(Pongratz Julia),and KK10(Kaplan and Krumhardt 2010)-through trend-related,quantitative,and spatial *** results show the following:(1)Although the area occupied by forests in China in the SAGE,PJ,KK10,and CHFD datasets decreased over the past 300 years,there were large differences between global scenarios and *** area occupied by forests in China in the SAGE scenario for 1700–1990 was 20%–40%more than that according to CHFD,and that occupied by forests in the KK10 from 1700 to 1850 was 32%–46%greater than that in *** difference between the PJ and CHFD was lower than 20%for most years.(2)Large differences were detected at the provincial and grid cell scales,where the PJ scenario was closer to CHFD in terms of total forested *** with large differences in terms of trend and quantity were 84%and 92%of all provinces,*** cells with relative differences greater than 70%accounted for 60%–80%of all grids.(3)These global historical land use scenarios do not accurately reveal the spatiotemporal pattern of Chinese forests due to differences in the data sources,methods of reconstruction,and spatial scales.

关键词： land use historical forest natural vegetation global scenarios reliability evaluation China

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